Kingdom Fungi

Question 1

Fungal cell wall is made up of ( mdcat 2022 )

Answer 1

Chitin

Question 2

Coenocytic means ?

Answer 2

More than one nuclei per cell

Question 3

Characteristics of fungi :

Answer 3

°Non chlorophyllous

°Multicellular (except yeast )

°Chitinous cell wall

° nuclear mitosis ;
£ nuclear membrane break 💔
£ spindle fiber within the nucleus

°Absorptive heterotrophs

°Fungi are best decomposers along with Bacteria

Question 4

Why fungi are regarded as plants ?

Answer 4

Have cell wall
Lack centrioles
Being non motile ( non moveable )

Question 5

Body of fungus is called?

Answer 5

Mycelium

Question 6

Fungi has long , slender, thread 🧵 like filaments called ?

Answer 6

Hyphae

Question 7

Types of hyphae ?

Answer 7

Septate hyphae : ➗ by cross- walls 🧱 called septae

Aseptate/non septate hyphae : lack septa (walls🧱)

Question 8

Non hyphal unicellular fungi are ?

Answer 8

Yeast

Question 9

The nuclei of fungi is ?

Answer 9

Haploid (n)

Question 10

Transient Diploid zygote (2n) formed during ?

Answer 10

Sexual reproduction

Question 11

Define saprotrophic fungi or saprobes ?

Answer 11

Decomposers that obtain their food directly from dead organic matter.

Question 12

Saprobic fungi anchor to the substrate by means of modified hyphae called ?

Answer 12

Rhizoid

Question 13

Fungi are principal decomposers of ?

Answer 13

Cellulose+ lignin ( component of plant ☘️ cell wall )

Question 14

Which type of fungi absorb nutrients directly from living host ?

Answer 14

Parasitic fungi

Question 15

Parasitic fungi have special hyphal tips called ??

Answer 15

Haustoria

Question 16

What are Obligate parasites ?

Answer 16

” The parasite which grow only on their living host and not in artificial growth media “

Question 17

Mildew and rust are ?

Answer 17

Obligate parasites

Question 18

What are facultative parasites ?

Answer 18

Which grow on host as well as in artificial growth media

Question 19

Predators :

Answer 19

✓Oyster mushrooms 🍄 🦪 {pleurotus ostreatus } is a carnivorous fungi – paralyze nematodes

✓Arthrobotrys — trap soil nematodes by forming constricting ring 💍

✓ predators also release secretion of sticky substances

Question 20

Fungi form two mutualistic symbiotic associations with :

Answer 20

✓Lichens { association between fungi and green🍏algae or cyanobacterium }
* Lichens are ecologically very important as bioindicators of air pollution

✓ Mycorrhizae { association between fungi and roots of vascular plants ☘️
* Types of mycorrhizae:

°Endomycorrhizae : fungal hyphae penetrate outer cells of plant 🌵 roots

°Ectomycorhhizae : hyphae surround the cells but donot penetrate the cell walls of the roots

Question 21

Fungi can tolerate up to pH ?

Answer 21

2 - 9

Question 22

Fungi store 🏪 food as

Answer 22

Lipid droplets or glycogen

Question 23

Fungi grow best in ?

Answer 23

Moist habitats

Question 24

Fungi survive dry conditions by ?

Answer 24

Producing resistant spores or by being in resting stage ( in active )