Kingdom Fungi Flashcards
Fungal cell wall is made up of ( mdcat 2022 )
Chitin
Coenocytic means ?
More than one nuclei per cell
Characteristics of fungi :
°Non chlorophyllous
°Multicellular (except yeast )
°Chitinous cell wall
° nuclear mitosis ;
£ nuclear membrane break 💔
£ spindle fiber within the nucleus
°Absorptive heterotrophs
°Fungi are best decomposers along with Bacteria
Why fungi are regarded as plants ?
Have cell wall
Lack centrioles
Being non motile ( non moveable )
Body of fungus is called?
Mycelium
Fungi has long , slender, thread 🧵 like filaments called ?
Hyphae
Types of hyphae ?
Septate hyphae : ➗ by cross- walls 🧱 called septae
Aseptate/non septate hyphae : lack septa (walls🧱)
Non hyphal unicellular fungi are ?
Yeast
The nuclei of fungi is ?
Haploid (n)
Transient Diploid zygote (2n) formed during ?
Sexual reproduction
Define saprotrophic fungi or saprobes ?
Decomposers that obtain their food directly from dead organic matter.
Saprobic fungi anchor to the substrate by means of modified hyphae called ?
Rhizoid
Fungi are principal decomposers of ?
Cellulose+ lignin ( component of plant ☘️ cell wall )
Which type of fungi absorb nutrients directly from living host ?
Parasitic fungi
Parasitic fungi have special hyphal tips called ??
Haustoria
What are Obligate parasites ?
” The parasite which grow only on their living host and not in artificial growth media “
Mildew and rust are ?
Obligate parasites
What are facultative parasites ?
Which grow on host as well as in artificial growth media
Predators :
✓Oyster mushrooms 🍄 🦪 {pleurotus ostreatus } is a carnivorous fungi – paralyze nematodes
✓Arthrobotrys — trap soil nematodes by forming constricting ring 💍
✓ predators also release secretion of sticky substances
Fungi form two mutualistic symbiotic associations with :
✓Lichens { association between fungi and green🍏algae or cyanobacterium }
* Lichens are ecologically very important as bioindicators of air pollution
✓ Mycorrhizae { association between fungi and roots of vascular plants ☘️
* Types of mycorrhizae:
°Endomycorrhizae : fungal hyphae penetrate outer cells of plant 🌵 roots
°Ectomycorhhizae : hyphae surround the cells but donot penetrate the cell walls of the roots
Fungi can tolerate up to pH ?
2 - 9
Fungi store 🏪 food as
Lipid droplets or glycogen
Fungi grow best in ?
Moist habitats
Fungi survive dry conditions by ?
Producing resistant spores or by being in resting stage ( in active )
