- rigid - determines shape - protects from osmotic lysis - made up of peptigoglycan

Bacteria 🦠 Flashcards by Syed M Abbas

Bacteria range in size from :

0.2 - 2U ( breath )
2 - 10U ( length )

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Smallest bacteria 🧫

Mycoplasma

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Mycoplasma range in size from ?

100-200nm

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Cell wall is absent in ?

Mycoplasma

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Archaeo bacteria donot contain ?

Peptigoglycan

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Size of bacteria 🧫 in single dimension🔅

0.1 - 600 nm

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Cell wall 🧱

rigid
determines shape
protects from osmotic lysis
made up of peptigoglycan

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Who developed the technique of gram staining?

Christian Gram 💕

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Role of capsule :

Adherence of bacteria 🦠🧫
Polysaccharide+protein

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Which provides pathogenicity and protects from phagocytosis?

Slime capsule

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Flagella function :

▶️ no microtubules

▶️ Flagellin — protein

▶️ Spin movement ( 360°) +ve and -ve

▶️ Helps in motility

▶️ Originate from basal body , a structure beneath cell membrane

▶️ rigid

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Nucleoid function :

Single , circular dsDNA

Total abscence of nuclear membrane , nucleoplasm , nucleolus o.

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Mesosomes function?

✓invagination of cell membrane

✓in the form of vescicles , lamellae , tubules

✓ replication , cell - division , respiration , export of enzyme , photosynthesis , nitrogen fixation

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Plasmid function

✓small fragment of extra genetic material dsDNA

✓serves as vectors for genetic engineering

✓ ribosomes —- ☑️

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Pilli function

🦪 hollow , filamentous appendages smaller than flagella

🦪 It helps in conjugation

🦪 Made up of special protein — pilin

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The structure which allows bacterium to survive extended period of heat / dryness ?

Endospore

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Cell membrane function:

✓Lies inside cell wall ( Lipid+ protein )

✓act as respiratory structure as mitochondria is absent ❎

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Shapes of Bacteria 🦠🧫

✔️ cocci ( non - flagellated )

❤️ Monococcus ⚪

❤️ Diplococcus 🟢🟢 (pair / two)

❤️ Tetrad (4 )🔘🔘🔘🔘

❤️ Streptococcus (chain like ) ⛓️

❤️ Staphylococci (grape like )🍇

❤️sarcina (octet) 🎱

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Examples of shapes of Bacteria :

💮 vibrio / comma – vibrio cholera

💮 Cocci —- Streptococcus Pneumoni / neisseria meningitidis a

💮Bacilli —- E.coli /Pseudomonas

💮spirilla : Treponema palladium

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Phases of Growth

Notepad

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enzyme present in alimentary canal bacteria of herbivores which help in the digestion of cellulose is ?

Cellulase ( present in appendix or in caecum of goat )

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Who discovered technique of conjugation

Laderburg and Tatum ( 1946 )

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Who discovered technique of transduction ?

Laderburg and zinder ( 1952 )

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Transformation technique was discovered by

Fred Griffith ( 1928 )

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Riboflavin is discovered by

Clostridium

Pathogenic bacteria considered as

Invisible enemies of men

E.coli is used in / as ?

🌼 Insulin 🌼 Growth hormones

Sexually transmitted diseases are transferred through

👉Blood fluid 👉 saliva 👉body fluid 👉reproductive ejacuation

E.coli is found in ?

Intestine

Moist heat help in

Coagulation of protein

Dry heat help in ?

Oxidation of chemical constituents

First antibiotic discovered from ?

Fungi ( 1940 ) ---- penicillin

Nucleoid is visible in light microscope after staining with

Feulgen stain

Dormant thick wall desiccation resistant body is

Cyst

Bacterial spore are ?

👻 heat resistant 👻 desiccation resistant 👻 May be Endo /exo spore

Prokaryotes has ?

70s ribosomes

Eukaryotes have

80s ribosomes

Streptomycin is used :

Against bacterial infection

Athlete's foot is caused by ?

Fungus

Example of aerobic bacteria

Pseudomonas

Example of anaerobic bacteria

Spirochete

Example of facultative bacteria

E coli

Example of microaerofilic bacteria

Camphylo bacter

Gram positive have thickness

20-80nm

Gram Negative have thickness

8-11nm

Chemical used on living tissues that inhibit the growth of microorganisms

Antiseptics

Oxidizing and reducing agents which inhibit the growth and use on non living organism are

Disinfectant

Example of symbiotic bacteria is

E.g Rhizobium radicuola --- occurring as symbiont in nodulated roots of leguminous plants ☘️🌵 E.g pisum sativum

Spirillum is ?

Thick / rigid / spiral

Spirochete is ?

Thin / flexible / spiral

Cell envelope of bacteria includes

{ capsule , slime , cell wall 🧱 }

What are chemotherapytic agent

Chemicals and antibiotics ( vaccines ) destroy natural defense and stop the growth of bacteria microbes

Which are used in sterilization process

Gamma rays

Permanent discloration of teeth is caused by

Tetracycline

Darkly stained nucleus

Lactobacillus

Heat sensitive / antibiotics sterilized by ?

Membrane filters

Edward Jenner discovered vaccine against ( 1796 )

Small pox

The S in 70 or 80 ribosomes stands for ?

Svedburg

Which is used as nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture and for inreasing soil fertility

Nostoc anabena

Intestinal disorder occurs in ?

Typhoid

Bacterial cell wall lack

Cholesterol

UHS : Q) when the division of cells in three planes the arrangement is known as ?

Sarcina

Gut living symbiont e.coli is found ?

Rod shaped

Treatment by using attenuated culture of bacteria

Vaccination

Name the nutrition resulted by feeding on dead and decay matter

Saprophytic

Functionally measosomes can be compared with?

Mitochondria

The structure which contain gene for drug resistance in bacteria are

Plasmid

Bacteria 🦠 Flashcards

(67 cards)