Gaseous Exchange 💱 Flashcards
Respiration
Complex process of oxidation reduction in which food is oxidized to release energy
During respiration which is release as by product
CO2
Gases exchange takes placed by the process of
Diffusion
Source of oxygen called respiratory media for aquatic and terrestrial organisms are
Air and water 💦
Which is the main source of oxygen on earth
Latter is the main source of oxygen on earth which contains about 21% oxygen
Why it is more difficult for aquatic organisms to obtain oxygen
Because water is denser than air
External waxy covering called ?
Cuticle
The cutilarized epidermis of leaves has numerous pores called ?
Stomata
Stomata is responsible for
Exchange of gases and evaporation of water
Stoma is formed by two modified bean shaped ?
Guard cells
Opening and closing of stomata depends upon
Turgidity of guard cells
What is photorespiration
It is a metabolic process that occurs commonly in plants like wheat rice and sugarcane
The plants in which photo respiration occurs are termed as
C3 plants
During hot and dry days stomata are
Closed to conserve water
During photosynthesis which enzyme is involved in catalyzing the fixation of carbon dioxide with RuBp to form an unsatavle hexose sugar ?
Rubisco
When ribolose bi phosphate combines with oxygen which two products are formed ?
One molecule of phosphoglyceric acid ( PGA )and one molecule of phosphoglycolate
What is the concentration of Oxygen and carbon dioxide outside or inside respiratory surface ?
There is greater concentration of Oxygen and lesser concentration of carbon dioxide outside the respiratory surface then inside 💠
Properties of respiratory surfaces :
🐼Permeable
🐼 wet
🐼 thin
🐼 large surface area and relation to volume
Respiratory organs of hydra
Diffusion by general body surface
Respiratory organs of earthworm
⭐Wet skin as respiratory surface
⭐ Moisture is absorbed by mucus secreted from the goblet glands in the skin of earthworm
⭐ They have developed blood vascular system which can efficiently and rapidly transport respiratory gases within the body
Respiratory organs of cockroach
They have special type of respiratory system called tracheal system
Tracheal System consists of internal tubes called
Trachea
Trachea consist of minute slit like pores known as
Spiracles
Spiracles is divided into fine branches known as :
Tracheoles
How many spiracles does cockroach have ?
10 pairs of spiracles on lateral sides of cockroach
🗞️ Two (2) lie in thoracic segments
🗞️ Eight (8) in first abdominal segments
Blood vascular system in cockroach is :
Devoid of Haemoglobin
Respiratory system of fish
🎠 Respiratory organs : Gills
🎠 Gills are outgrowth of pharynx
🎠In bony fishes —- Ventilation is brought about by combined effect of mouth and opercula
🎠 Gas exchange is also facilitated in gills due to counter current flow of water 💦 and blood
🎠 Countercurrent flow is very effective as it enables the fish extract up to 80% to 90% of oxygen from water that flow over the gills
🎠🎠🎠
Respiratory organs of frog
✓frog has evolved vascularised paired out growth from the lower part of known as lungs
Frog has :
Alveoli which are separated from each other through septum
Site of exchange of gases are called
Alveoli
In frog ventilation is
Single & two way path
Incomplete ventilation
The type of ventilation does not allow the lungs to be completely empty or refill by air hence termed as incomplete ventilation
What is an buccopharyngeal respiration
Change of gases through thin vascularized lining of buccal cavity
When exchange of gases takes place on land through lungs is known as
Pulmonary respiration
frog goes into water a burries itself in mud it exchange gases by its moist and highly vascularized thin skin this is known as
Cutaneous respiration
Why are coming in lungs is always oxygen rich in birds ?
One way flow of air(unidirectional flow of air through mouth ) enables a bird to fly at very high altitude without any shortage of oxygen as the air coming in lungs is always oxygen rich
The total capacity of human lungs is 5L . what percentage of air is filled when person takes deep breath ?
80%
In frog 🐸 New air drawn into buccopharyngeal cavity through nostrils and old air retained under pressure in ?
Lungs
