Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology > Kingdom Animalia > Flashcards

Kingdom Animalia Flashcards

1
Q

Phylum Porifera

A 
Sponges
Invertebrate
Asymmetrical
Lack true tissue/organs
Sessile.
Support: spicules, spongin
Osculum = opening for filtration
Spongocoel (central cavity) with choanocytes = pull in H2O for food collection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Phylum Cnidaria

A 
Diploblastic
Radial symmetry
Gastrovascular cavity (food digestion)
No gills
Cnidocytes with nematocysts
Three classes: Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa and Anthozoa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cnidocytes

A

Stinging cells containing nematocysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nematocysts

A

Stinging organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Class Hydrozoa

A

Polyps and medusae
Marine and freshwater
Hydra
Portuguese man-o-war (Physalia physalis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Class Scyphozoa

A

True jellies
medusa stage only
marine and fresh water
moon jelly (Aurelia aurita)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Class Anthozoa

A

Corals
Sea anemones
marine only
polyp stage only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Phylum Ctenophora

A 
Comb jellies
Invertebrate
Diploblastic
Biradial symmetry
8 rows of comb like plates (cilia)
Planktonic
Marine, predatory, simple nervous system, no nematocysts (but can steal them)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes

A 
Flatworms
Three Classes: Trematoda, Cestoda and Turbellaria
Invertebrate
Triploblastic
Bilateral
Acoelomate 
Protostome
One digestive opening (incomplete digestive tract)
No respiratory system
Free-living or parasitic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Class Trematoda

A

Flukes
Parasitic
Complex life cycles (multiple hosts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Class Cestoda

A

Tapeworms

Intestinal parasites with proglottids and scolex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Class Turbellaria

A 
Flatworms (Degusia)
Freshwater and marine
Moist environments
Planaria
2 eyespots and 2 auricles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phylum Rotifera

A 
Rotifers
Invertebrate
Triploblastic
Bilateral
Pseudocoelomate
Protostome
Freshwater, marine, interstitial
Complete digestive tract
4 regions: head, neck, trunk, foot
Corona: draws water in for feeding
Cryptobiosis: survive long periods in unfavorable conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Phylum Nemotoda

A 
Nematodes, roundworms (Ascaris)
Invertebrate
Triploblastic
Bilateral
Pseudocoelomate
Protostome
Free-living and parasitic
Complete digestive tract
Cuticle
Lateral line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Phylum Mollusca

A 
2nd largest phylum
Most complex phylum
Four classes: Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda
Invertebrate
Triploblastic
Bilateral
Eucoelomate
Protostome
Usually well developed head
Some with advanced vision
Complete digestive tract
Radula (scraping)
All have: foot, shell, mantle, visceral mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Class Polyplacophora

A

Chitons
8 plates on shell
Curl into ball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Class Gastropoda

A

Snails, slugs, etc
Most abundant
Torsion during development
Operculum (protection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Class Bivalvia

A

Oysters, mussles, clams, etc
Hinged shell (umbo)
Siphons
No radula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Class Cephalopoda

A 
Nautilus, cuttlefish, squid, octopus
Most advanced
Tentacles
Most lack external shells
Well developed nervous system with large brain
Advanced vision
Beaks
Closed circulatory system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Phylum Annelidia

A 
Earthworms
Two Classes: Oligochaeta and Polychaeta
Invertebrate
Bilateral
Eucoelomate
Protostome
Segmented
Setae/parapodia
Closed circulatory system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Class Oligochaeta

A

Earthworms (Lumbricus)
No parapodia
Few setae
Marine, terrestrial, freshwater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Class Polychaeta

A

Polychaetes, clam worms (Nereis)
Most abundant annelids
Mostly marine
Free-living or tube-dwelling

23
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

A

Largest phylum (1 million known species, mostly insects)
Invertebrates
Triploblastic
Bilateral
Protostomes
Found everywhere
All have: segmentation, an exoskeleton (protection, muscle attachment, prevent desiccation) and jointed appendages
Molting occurs
Cephalization with neural and respiratory development
Open circulatory system (hemolymph)

24
Q

Subphylum Trilobitomorpha

A

Phylum Arthropoda
Trilobites (extinct)
Possible ancestors to Subphylum Cheliceriformes

25
Q

Subphylum Cheliceriformes

A 
Phylum Arthropoda
Chelicerae = feeding appendages
6 pairs of appendages
Cephalothorax (head and thorax fused)
Two Classes: Merostomata and Arachnida
26
Q

Class Merostomata

A 
Horseshoe crabs (Limulus)
Marine
Medically important
Male/female dimorphism
Book gills
Telson = tail for steering
27
Q

Class Arachnida

A 
Spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, etc.
One pair of chelicerae
One pair of pedipalps
Four pairs of legs
Book lungs
28
Q

Subphylum Uniramia

A 
Phylum Arthropoda
Jaw-like mandibles
One pair of antennae (sensory)
One pair of compound eyes
Unbranched appendages
Three classes: Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Insecta
29
Q

Class Diplopoda

A

Millipedes
Fused pairs of trunk segments
Two paired appendages per segment

30
Q

Class Chilopoda

A

Centipedes
One paired appendage per segment
Flattened

31
Q

Class Insecta

A 
Butterflies, moths, bees, flies, termites, etc.
Largest class
Wings
Trachea system (gas exchange)
Spiracles (prevent desiccation)
Hemocoel
Malpighian tubules (excretory)
32
Q

Subphylum Crustacea

A 
Phylum Arthropoda
Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, barnacles, copepods, etc
Most are marine
Three or more paired appendages
Biramous (claws)
Two pairs of antennae
33
Q

Class Malacostraca

A

Subphylum Crustacea
Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, etc
60% of crustaceans
Tripartite (3 segments: head, thorax, abdomen)

34
Q

Phylum Echinodermata

A

Sea stars, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, sea lilies, sea urchins, sea biscuits, etc
Invertebrates
Triploblastic
Pentaradial symmetry as adults; bilateral as larvae
Eucoelomate
Deuterostomes

35
Q

Class Asteroidea

A 
Phylum Echinodermata
Sea stars
Gonads and digestive tracts in arms
Regeneration
Oral and aboral surfaces
Dermal branchiae and pedicellariae (removal of debris from body)
Water vascular system
Madresporite (water intake)
Tube feet
36
Q

Phylum Chordata

A 
42,000 Known species
HIghest diversity is coral reefs of south pacific and equatorial rain forests
All share 5 characteristics:
1. Notochord
2. Post-anal tail
3. Pharyngeal gill pouches
4. Dorsal, hollow nerve chord
5. Endostyle/thyroid
37
Q

Subphylum Hemichordata

A

Phylum Chordata
Acorn worms
Only possess pharyngeal gill slits

38
Q

Subphylum Urochordata

A

Phylum Chordata
Tunicates, sea squirts
Larval form = all characteristics
Adults = gill slits and endostyle

39
Q

Subphylum Cephalochordata

A

Phylum Chordata
Amphioxus
All characteristics throughout life
Paedomorphic: larva reaches sexual maturity

40
Q

Subphylum Vertebrata

A 
Phylum Chordata
Cephalization
Endoskeleton (segmented): protects nerve cord.  Cartilage or bone
2 pairs of jointed appendages (exception: snakes and some amphibians)
Outer protective tissue
Pisces: all fish=like groups
Tetrapods: terrestrial groups
Agnathans: jawless
Gnathostomes: jawed
41
Q

Class Agnatha

A 
Subphylum Vertebrata
About 75 species
Lamprey = freshwater or marine
Hagfish = marine
All jawless with cartilaginous skeletons
No paired fins
Single nostril
2 chambered heart
42
Q

Class Chondrichthyes

A 
Subphylum Vertebrata
About 800 Species
Sharks, skates, rays
Mostly marine
Paired fins and nostrils
Heterocercal tails
Placoid scales
Lateral line
Males with claspers
Types of birth: viviparous, ovoviviparous, oviparous
43
Q

Viviparous

A

Live birth

44
Q

Ovoviviparous

A

Egg hatched internally, followed by live birth

45
Q

Oviparous

A

Hatched from an egg

46
Q

Class Osteichthyes

A

Subphylum Vertebrata
Largest vertebrate class: about 24,600 species
Bony fishes
Streamlined and fusimorm (large in middle)
Covered with dermal scales (except eels)
Lateral line
Swim bladder

47
Q

Class Amphibia

A 
Subphylum Vertebrata
4300 species
Frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, caecilians
Reproduction dependent on water
Metamorphosis
3 types of respiration: lungs, gills, skin
3 chambered heart
Ectothermic
48
Q

Class Reptilia

A 
Subphylum Vertebrata
About 6700 species
Turtles, crocodilians, lizards, dinosaurs = sort of
Amniotic egg
Ectothermic
3 or 4 chambered heart
Protective, dry scales
49
Q

Class Aves

A 
Subphylum Vertebrata
About 8800 species
Birds
Evolved from dinosaurs
Endothermic
4 chambered heart
Air sacs for respiration
Large cerebellum = flight modifications
3 feather types: Flight, down, filoplumes
50
Q

Class Mammalia

A 
Subphylum Vertebrata
All have:
Body hair
Mammary glands
Live birth (except monotremes) with placental development
Endothermy
4 chambered heart
diaphragm
51
Q

Subclass Monotremata

A

Class Mammalia
Platypus, echidna
Oviparous with cloaca

52
Q

Subclass Marsupiala

A

Class Mammalia
Kangaroos
Pouched mammals; young born undeveloped

53
Q

Subclass Eutheria

A

Class Mammalia
Placental animals
Young born fully developed

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions