Kingdom: Animalia

Question 1

What are porifera?

Answer 1

Two layered organisms with pores.
Sessile (attaches to substrates)
eg sponges.

Question 2

What are coelenterata? (Cnidaria)

Answer 2

Two layers of cells.
hollow digestive cavity.
tentacles with stinging cells (nematocysts)
Examples; hydra (shown) jellyfish, coral, sea anemone.

Question 3

What are platyhelminthes?

Answer 3

Flattened dorsoventrally.
three layers of cells
many parasites.
eg. tapeworm, planaria, liver fluke.

Question 4

What are nematoda?

Answer 4

Thread-like parasites; digestive tract with two openings: mouth, anus, e.g.. hookworm, Ascaris, trichina worm.

Question 5

What are Annelida?

Answer 5

Long cylindrical body with segments; nervous system; closed circulatory system, e.g. earthworm, sand worm, leech.

Question 6

What are Echinodermata?

Answer 6

Radial symmetry; spiny exoskeleton; water-vascular system with tube feet. e.g. Starfish, sea urchin, sea cucumber.

Question 7

What are Mollusca?

Answer 7

Soft bodies, most have one or two wheels.

eg. clam, snails and octopus.

Question 8

What are arthropoda?

Answer 8

Jointed legs
exoskeleton
segmented bodies.
There are more arthropods on earth than all outer creatures combined.

Question 9

What are Arthropoda?

Class: Crustacea?

Answer 9

Gills for breathing; two pairs of antennae, jointed legs with claws, e.g. Crab or lobster.

Question 10

What are Arthropoda?

Class: Arachnida?

Answer 10

Eight legs; two body parts; no antennae. e.g. spider, scorpion, tick.

Question 11

What are Arthropoda?

Class:Insecta.

Answer 11

six legs and three body parts.
one pair of antennae
exoskeleton made of chitin.
Eg. Wasps, ants and grasshoppers.

Question 12

What are Arthropoda?

Class: Chilopoda?

Answer 12

one pair of legs per segment.

Example: centipede

Question 13

What are Arthropoda?

Class: Diplopoda?

Answer 13

Two pairs of legs per segment, e.g.. millipede.

Question 14

What are Chordata?

Class: Pisces?

Answer 14

Bony skeleton; gills; scales; two-chambered heart, e.g. eel, seahorse, trout.

Question 15

What are Chordata?

Class: Amphibia?

Answer 15

live in water when young with gills. 
Develop lungs and live on land when older.
thin moist skin
Three chambered heart. 
eg. Frogs, toads and salamanders.

Question 16

What are Chordata?

Class: Reptilia?

Answer 16

Lungs; dry scales; eggs with a horny covering; cold blooded; mostly three -chambered hearts.
eg. Snakes, lizards and turtles.

Question 17

What are Chordata?

Class: Aves?

Answer 17

Feathers; four-chambered heart; wings; warm-blooded; eggs with shells.
Eg. Hawk, duck.

Question 18

What are Chordata?

Class: Mammalia?

Answer 18

Warm-blooded; hair/fur; breathe with diaphragm, young fed on milk from mammary glands.
EG. human, dog, bat, whale.

Question 19

What is a nematocyst?

Answer 19

In cnidarians, specialised stinging cells that can release a poison-containing barbs.

Question 20

What is Chitin?

Answer 20

The hard organic material that composes the exoskeleton of arthropods and some other invertebrates.

Question 21

What is a Crop?

Answer 21

A food-storing organ in an earthworm. Swallowed soil is collected here until it passes to the gizzard to be ground up. (also in birds and insects).

Question 22

What is the Mandible, Maxillae?

Answer 22

Chewing mouth parts o the grasshopper (and similar insects) that move and breakdown food.

Question 23

What is the fore-gut, mid-gut and hind-gut?

Answer 23

The three basic parts of the digestive tract of a grasshopper and similar insects.

Question 24

What is the gizzard?

Answer 24

A muscular organ present in earthworms, birds and reptiles. It grinds food.

Question 25

What are spiracles? Tracheae?

Answer 25

Present in the grasshopper and smiler insects. Spiracles are small openings on the side of the abdomen that lead to branched air tubes called tracheae.

Question 26

What are gills?

Answer 26

Respiratory organs in fish and some other water-dwelling creatures; contain rich capillary beds over which water flows.

Question 27

What are nephridia?

Answer 27

Tubular excretory organs in the earthworm and other invertebrates.

Question 28

What is the Malpighian Tubule?

Answer 28

The excretory organs in grasshoppers and other insects.

Question 29

What are cloaca?

Answer 29

The common exit passageway fro the digestive, urinary and reproductive systems in the frog and some other animals.

Question 30

What is a coelom?

Answer 30

A body cavity formed between layers of mesoderm; digestive and other organs are suspended here; not found in primitive organisms.

Question 31

What is radial symmetry?

Answer 31

Body arrangement where parts repeat around an imaginary line drawn through the centre of an organisms body. Characteristic of primitive animals.
eg. sea anemone, jellyfish, hydra.

Question 32

What is bilateral symmetry?

Answer 32

Body arrangement where the right and left halves are virtually mirror images of each; other evolutionarily more advanced than radially symmetrical organisms.
Eg. humans most animals.

Question 33

What is an exoskeleton?

Answer 33

Rigid outer skeleton; characteristic of arthropods.

Question 34

What are pheromones?

Answer 34

Chemical substances released by organisms to influence other organisms of the species; used by insects and other animals.
egs. sex attractant, trail markers and alarm signals.

Question 35

What is moulting?

Answer 35

The shedding of all or part of an organisms skin or exoskeleton; arthropods moot in order to allow growth.

Question 36

what is Radula?

Answer 36

A rasping, tounge-like organ found in most mollusks; it is covered with rows of teeth and is used to scraping food of substrates.

Question 37

What are Setae?

Answer 37

Chitinous bristles found on annelid segments; used for a choring the worm while moving or resting in a burrow.