Kinetics Flashcards
How can reactions occur?
When collisions take place between particles having sufficient energy
What is a sufficient energy called and define it?
Activation energy which is defined as a minimum energy which particles need to collide to begin a reaction
Explain why most collisions do not lead to a reaction?
Not all the particles have greater or equal amount of energy to the activation energy
What is the Maxwell Boltzman energy distribution?
It is the spread of energies that a molecule of a gas or liquid have at a particular temperature
Where is the most probable energy?
It is at the top of the curve and it isn’t the same as the main energy
What is the area under the graph represent?
The total number of particles present
Why should the energy distribution never meet the x axis?
That is maximum energy for molecules
How can a reaction go to completion if you are particles have energy greater than EA?
Particles can gain energy through collisions
What does the rate of reaction mean?
the amount of substance formed per unit of time
What is the effect of increasing temperature on a maxwell Boltzman distribution?
As the temperature increases the distribution shifts towards having more molecules with higher energies
The total area under the curve should remain constant because the total number of particles is constant
Higher temperature, the molecules have a wide range of energy and at low temperatures
When a graph of concentration of reacting is plotted versus the time, what does the gradient represent?
The rate of reaction
What happens if you increase the concentration and pressure?
Higher concentration and pressure there are more particles per unit volume and so that the particles will collide with greater frequencies and there will be a higher frequency of effective collisions
What happens if concentration increases on a maxwell Boatsman distribution curve
If concentration increases the shape of the energy distribution curve does not change so the EMP and mean energy do not change however the curves will be higher in the area under the curves will be greater as our more particles present
What is the effect of increasing temperature?
High temperature more energy particles have so the particles collide more frequently which increases the rate of reaction
What is the effect of increasing surface area
Increase in surface area will cause more successful collisions to occur more frequently between the reactant particles which increases the rate of reaction
