kinetics

Question 1

what does collision theory state

Answer 1

that a reaction wont take place between two particles unless they collide in the right direction with enough energy

Question 2

what is activation energy

Answer 2

the minimum amount of energy particles need to react

Question 3

what is the difference in activation energy between exothermic and endothermic reactions

Answer 3

endothermic reactions need a much larger activation energy than exothermic reactions

Question 4

what does a Maxwell Boltzmann curve show

Answer 4

the distribution of energies at a certain temperature

Question 5

what happens to the maxwell boltzman curve if temperature is increased

Answer 5

right and shifts down

Question 6

what happens to the maxwell boltzman curve i you increase concentration

Answer 6

goes up and the number of particles with the activation energy required increases

Question 7

what happens to the maxwell boltzman curve if you add a catalyst

Answer 7

more molecules meet the activation energy

Question 8

what are the 3 different ways you have to measure the rate of reaction depending on the type of reaction

Answer 8

1. the time taken or a precipitate to form
2. measuring the rate of reaction by the change in mass
3. measuring the rate of reaction by gas volume given off

Question 9

how do you measure the rate of reaction change with temperature between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid

Answer 9

1. put a cross on the bottom of a conical flask and put it on a white tile with sodium thiosulphate
2. add fixed volumes of hydrochloric acid and start the timer
3. record the time it takes for the black cross to no longer be visible
4. then repeat with a different temperature

Question 10

how do you measure the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium using mass balance with temperature as the IV

Answer 10

1. zero a beaker on a digital scale and then add calcium and measure the weight of it
2. then get a measuring cylinder and zero it on the digital scale and add HCL and measure the weight of it
3. add the HCL to the calcium after adding the weights of them together and start a timer
   4.read off the mass at regular intervals
4. you know the reaction is complete when the mass stops decreasing
   6.then record the difference in mass
5. then repeat with a different temperatures

Question 11

how can you measure the rate of reaction when you add acid to magnesium with a gas syringe depending on temperature

describe the apparatus

Answer 11

1. add acid to magnesium
2. start a timer and read off the volume of gas in the gas syringe at regular time intervals
3. the reactions finished when the volume in the gas syringe stops increasing
4. repeat the reaction at different temperatures

conical flask with an airtight seal when the bung is and the gas syringe threaded through the bung

Question 12

what is the equation for rate of reaction

Answer 12

rate of reaction = amount of reactant used or product formed/ time

Question 13

what is a catalyst

Answer 13

a catalyst increase sthe rate of reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy and dont get used up in reactions