Kidneys, adrenal glands and female repro tract

Question 1

function of the kidneys

Answer 1

remove toxins from the bloodstream and produce urine
conserve salts, glucose, proteins and water and regulate blood pressure, hemodynamics and acid-base balance of the body
produce renin and erythropoietin (stimulates RBC production)

Question 2

which kidney (right or left) is located more cranially?

Answer 2

right kidney

Question 3

renal hilus is the

Answer 3

entrance/exit of the renal artery, renal vein, ureter and lymphatics

Question 4

renal sinus is the

Answer 4

cavity of the kidney that contains renal pelvis, fat, vessels, lymphatics and nerves

Question 5

renal pelvis receives urine from

Answer 5

collecting ducts of kidney and passes it to ureters

Question 6

is it easier to palpate kidneys in canine or feline patients?

Answer 6

cats have more palpable kidneys

Question 7

feline kidneys have ___________ ; which are multiple large veins on the cortical surface that drain into the renal vein at the hilus

Answer 7

subscapsular veins

Question 8

how does the renal crest of the kidney differ in dogs and cats

Answer 8

dogs: longitudinal shape
cats: cone shaped

Question 9

ureter carries urine from _______ to _______

Answer 9

kidney to urinary bladder

Question 10

urethra carries urine from ________ to the __________

Answer 10

urinary bladder to the vestibule in the female and to the tip of the penis in the male

Question 11

function of adrenal glands

Answer 11

cortex produces mineralocorticoids, corticosteroids, sex hormones
medulla produces catecholamines (epi and norepi)

Question 12

the adrenal glands are located _____ to the kidneys

Answer 12

cranial, or “retroperitoneal”

Question 13

right adrenal gland closely associated with

Answer 13

caudal vena cava

Question 14

which ovary is more cranial than the other

Answer 14

right ovary

Question 15

mesovarium

Answer 15

mesentery that supports the ovary

Question 16

mesosalpinx

Answer 16

mesentery that support the uterine tube (connects the ovary and uterine horn)

Question 17

mesometrium

Answer 17

mesentery that supports the body of the uterus

Question 18

what artery and vein course through the mesovarium?

Answer 18

ovarian artery and vein

Question 19

proper ligament of the ovary courses

Answer 19

between the ovary and the uterine horn (goes along with mesosalpinx)

Question 20

suspensory ligament of the ovary courses

Answer 20

from the ovary transversals fascia of the body wall by the last rib, also appears to attach to kidney; holds ovary in relatively fixed position
Broken down during OVH

Question 21

what 2 mesenteries form the ovarian bursa?

Answer 21

mesosalpinx and mesovarium

Question 22

3 parts of the uterine tube

Answer 22

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus

Question 23

site of fertilization in oviduct

Answer 23

ampulla

Question 24

types of uteri

Answer 24

duplex uterus (rabbit)
bicornuate uterus, small body (dog, cat, cow, sow)
bicornuate uterus, large body (mare)
simple uterus (primate)

Question 25

round ligament of the uterus is a remnant of what fetal structure?

Answer 25

gubernaculum

Question 26

the vagina is composed of

Answer 26

circular muscle fibers and longitudinal mucosal folds

Question 27

the urethra drains into the vestibule at the ____ by way of the ______

Answer 27

urethral tubercle by way of the external urethras orifice

Question 28

constrictor vestibule mm.

Answer 28

skeletal muscle in the wall of the vestibule

Question 29

major vestibular glands (cat)

Answer 29

produce mucous secretion for lubrication of the vestibule during estrus

Question 30

vestibule is located

Answer 30

between vagina and vulva

Question 31

what is the main blood supply to the uterus

Answer 31

uterine artery

Question 32

ovarian artery supplies

Answer 32

ovary, ovarian bursa, uterine tube and uterine horn

Question 33

ovarian vein drains into

Answer 33

right ovarian vein drains into caudal vena cava

left ovarian vein drains into left renal vein

Question 34

uterine vein drains into

Answer 34

vaginal vein which drains into the internal iliac vein