Kidneys, adrenal glands and female repro tract Flashcards
function of the kidneys
remove toxins from the bloodstream and produce urine
conserve salts, glucose, proteins and water and regulate blood pressure, hemodynamics and acid-base balance of the body
produce renin and erythropoietin (stimulates RBC production)
which kidney (right or left) is located more cranially?
right kidney
renal hilus is the
entrance/exit of the renal artery, renal vein, ureter and lymphatics
renal sinus is the
cavity of the kidney that contains renal pelvis, fat, vessels, lymphatics and nerves
renal pelvis receives urine from
collecting ducts of kidney and passes it to ureters
is it easier to palpate kidneys in canine or feline patients?
cats have more palpable kidneys
feline kidneys have ___________ ; which are multiple large veins on the cortical surface that drain into the renal vein at the hilus
subscapsular veins
how does the renal crest of the kidney differ in dogs and cats
dogs: longitudinal shape
cats: cone shaped
ureter carries urine from _______ to _______
kidney to urinary bladder
urethra carries urine from ________ to the __________
urinary bladder to the vestibule in the female and to the tip of the penis in the male
function of adrenal glands
cortex produces mineralocorticoids, corticosteroids, sex hormones
medulla produces catecholamines (epi and norepi)
the adrenal glands are located _____ to the kidneys
cranial, or “retroperitoneal”
right adrenal gland closely associated with
caudal vena cava
which ovary is more cranial than the other
right ovary
mesovarium
mesentery that supports the ovary
mesosalpinx
mesentery that support the uterine tube (connects the ovary and uterine horn)
mesometrium
mesentery that supports the body of the uterus
what artery and vein course through the mesovarium?
ovarian artery and vein
proper ligament of the ovary courses
between the ovary and the uterine horn (goes along with mesosalpinx)
suspensory ligament of the ovary courses
from the ovary transversals fascia of the body wall by the last rib, also appears to attach to kidney; holds ovary in relatively fixed position
Broken down during OVH
what 2 mesenteries form the ovarian bursa?
mesosalpinx and mesovarium
3 parts of the uterine tube
infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus
site of fertilization in oviduct
ampulla
types of uteri
duplex uterus (rabbit) bicornuate uterus, small body (dog, cat, cow, sow) bicornuate uterus, large body (mare) simple uterus (primate)
round ligament of the uterus is a remnant of what fetal structure?
gubernaculum
the vagina is composed of
circular muscle fibers and longitudinal mucosal folds
the urethra drains into the vestibule at the ____ by way of the ______
urethral tubercle by way of the external urethras orifice
constrictor vestibule mm.
skeletal muscle in the wall of the vestibule
major vestibular glands (cat)
produce mucous secretion for lubrication of the vestibule during estrus
vestibule is located
between vagina and vulva
what is the main blood supply to the uterus
uterine artery
ovarian artery supplies
ovary, ovarian bursa, uterine tube and uterine horn
ovarian vein drains into
right ovarian vein drains into caudal vena cava
left ovarian vein drains into left renal vein
uterine vein drains into
vaginal vein which drains into the internal iliac vein
