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Gross Anatomy > abdominal nerves and vessels > Flashcards

abdominal nerves and vessels Flashcards

1
Q

sympathetic innervation of the abdominal cavity is from

A

lumbar sympathetic trunk and ganglia

splanchnic nerves

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2
Q

parasympathetic fibers in the dorsal and ventral vagal trunks provide

A

visceral MOTOR innervation to the abdominal viscera

The vagus n. also carries visceral SENSORY fibers from abdominal viscera to brain

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3
Q

the sympathetic trunk courses from the thoracic cavity to the abdominal cavity through the

A

lumbocostal arch

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4
Q

preganglionic contributions to the lumbar sympathetic trunk arise from

A

L1-L5 regions of the spinal cord

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5
Q

splanchnic nerves are composed of

A

sympathetic (visceral motor) neurons coursing between the sympathetic trunk and ganglia in the abdomen and visceral sensory neurons coursing to the spinal nerve

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6
Q

most preganglionic axons in the sympathetic trunk ash the level of T10-T13 course to

A

the major splanchnic n.

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7
Q

major splanchnic n. courses from the thoracic cavity to the abdominal cavity through the

A

lumbocostal arch

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8
Q

major splanchnic n. courses to what ganglia

A

the adrenal and celiacomestenteric ganglia and plexus

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9
Q

lumbar splanchnic n.

A

arise from 2nd-5th lumbar sympathetic ganglia

course to the aorticorenal, cranial mesenteric, and caudal mesenteric ganglia and plexus

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10
Q

major splanchnic n. leaves the sympathetic trunk at what thoracic sympathetic ganglion

A

12th or 13th sympathetic ganglion

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11
Q

nerves that branch off of the lumbar sympathetic trunk for sympathetic innervation

A

major splanchnic n.

lumbar splanchnic n.

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12
Q

sympathetic ganglia contain

A

cell bodies of sympathetic and post ganglionic neurons

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13
Q

plexuses are

A

nerve networks made up of branches of vagus and splanchnic sympathetic nerves and visceral afferents

usually located around major abdominal arteries

supply innervation of abdominal viscera and muscular of arteries

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14
Q

hypogastric n.

A

post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers from the caudal mesenteric ganglion provides sympathetic innervation to the pelvic viscera

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15
Q

the cranial mesenteric a. supplies

A

the small and large intestine

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16
Q

parasympathetic innervation of the abdominal cavity is from

A

vagus nerve

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17
Q

nerve plexuses are made up of

A

parasympathetic fibers
sympathetic fibers
visceral sensory neurons

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18
Q

How does the sympathetic nerve impulse get from the major splanchnic nerve to the abdominal viscera?

A

leaves the thoracic sympathetic trunk at 12th or 13th thoracic sympathetic ganglia and goes into the abdominal cavity through the lumbocostal arch and synapses at the celiacomesenteric ganglia and plexus

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19
Q

How does the sympathetic nerve impulse travel from lumbar sympathetic nerves to abdominal viscera?

A

pre-ganglionic neuron travels through lumbar sympathetic nerve to the lumbar sympathetic trunk and then can travel down the trunk either cranially or caudally to synapse at the ganglia nearest to the target organ and then continue to the target organ along a post ganglionic fiber

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20
Q

where does the celiacomesenteric ganglia get its sympathetic pre-ganglionic fibers from?

A

mostly the major splanchnic n.

some from minor splanchnic n. and some from lumbar splanchnic n.’s

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21
Q

where does the celiacomesenteric ganglia and plexus get its parasympathetic fibers from?

A

dorsal vagal trunk
DOES NOT SYNAPSE HERE BECAUSE GANGLIA FOR PARASYMPATHETIC ARE ON THE TARGET ORGAN, so it just becomes part of the mix of the plexus and follows the arteries to the target organ

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22
Q

what route does the parasympathetic innervation take to reach abdominal viscera?

A

dorsal vagal trunk-> celiacomesenteric ganglia and plexus-> follow the artery towards target organ -> synapse at ganglia on target organ-> very short post ganglionic fiber to target organ

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23
Q

lumbar a. supplies

A

lumbar region of spinal cord, meninges, lumbar muscles and skin

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24
Q

Cranial mesenteric a. supplies

A

small and large intestine (except distal region of intestinal tract)

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25
Q

phrenicoabdominal a. courses to what structure?

A

adrenal gland

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26
Q

phrenicoabdominal a. has what 2 branches?

A

caudal phrenic a.

cranial abdominal a.

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27
Q

caudal phrenic a. courses to

A

diaphragm and supplies caudal portion of diaphragm

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28
Q

cranial abdominal a. courses to

A

craniodorsal abdominal wall

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29
Q

renal a. is paired, which (left or right) branch arises cranially to the other?

A

right renal a.

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30
Q

ovarian a. supplies

A

ovary and gives rise to uterine branches to the uterus

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31
Q

testicular a. courses to

A

the vaginal ring and then to the testis and part of the spermatic cord

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32
Q

caudal mesenteric supplies

A

distal region of the digestive tract

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33
Q

caudal mesenteric divides into

A

left colic a. (supples descending colon) and cranial rectal a. (supplies rectum)

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34
Q

deep circumflex iliac a. supplies

A

caudodorsal region of the abdominal wall

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35
Q

external iliac a. supplies

A

pelvic limb

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36
Q

internal iliac a. supplies

A

pelvic cavity and pelvic limb

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37
Q

median sacral a.

A

continuation of the aorta, continues in the tail region as the median canal a.

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38
Q

major arteries that give blood supply to the stomach and intestines are

A

celiac a.
cranial mesenteric a.
caudal mesenteric a.

39
Q

3 branches of celiac a.

A

hepatic a.
left gastric a.
splenic a.

40
Q

branches of the hepatic a. are

A

hepatic brs.
right gastric a.
gastorduodenal a.

41
Q

hepatic branches of the hepatic a. go to

A

the liver

42
Q

right gastric a. of the hepatic a. supplies

A

the lesser curvature of the stomach and lesser omentum on the right side by pylorus

43
Q

gastroduodenal a. branches into

A

right gastroepiploic a.

cranial pancreaticoduodenal a.

44
Q

right gastroepiploic a. supplies

A

right side of the greater curvature of the stomach

45
Q

cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. supplies

A

initial portion of the duodenum and right lope of the pancreas

46
Q

left gastric a. supplies

A

lesser curvature of the stomach on the left side

47
Q

what branches off of the left gastric a.

A

esophageal branches that go to the esophagus

48
Q

what artery supplies the left lobe of the pancreas?

A

Pancreatic branches of the splenic a.

49
Q

what artery supplies the right lobe of the pancreas?

A

pancreaticoduodenal a.

50
Q

what are the branches of the splenic a.

A

pancreatic brs.
splenic brs.
short gastric aa.
left gastroepiploic a.

51
Q

splenic brs. of the splenic a. supply the

A

spleen

52
Q

short gastric aa. supply the

A

fundus of the stomach

53
Q

left gastroepiploic a. supplies the

A

left side of the greater curvature of the stomach and greater omentum

54
Q

what are the branches of the cranial mesenteric a.

A

common colic a. (has more brs.)
caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. (has more brs.)
Jejunal a.
ileal a.

55
Q

what are the branches off the common colic a.?

A

Middle colic a.
accessory colic a.
right colic a.
ileocolic a.

56
Q

what are the branches of the ileocolic a.

A

colic branch
cecal a
anti mesenteric ileal br.
mesenteric ileal br.

57
Q

what does the caudal pancreaticoduondenal a. supply

A

the distal portion of the descending duodenum

58
Q

what does the middle colic a. supply?

A

distal transverse colon, left colic flexure, and initial descending colon
may arise directly from cranial mesenteric a. rather than off of common colic trunk

59
Q

what does the right colic a. supply?

A

distal ascending colon, right colic flexure, and initial transverse colon

60
Q

what does ileocolic a. supply?

A

colic branch supplies the initial ascending colon
cecal branch supplies the cecum and as the anti mesenteric ileal br. which supplies the ileum
mesenteric ileal br supplies the ileum

61
Q

What are the 2 arteries that the caudal mesenteric a. branch into?

A

left colic a.

cranial rectal a.

62
Q

left colic a. supplies the

A

distal portion of the descending colon

63
Q

cranial rectal a. supplies the

A

initial rectum

64
Q

terminal portion of the esophagus gets blood supply from what?

A

esophageal brs. of the left gastric a.

65
Q

how does blood supply get to the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

left epiploic a. from the splenic a. of the celiac a.

right epiploic a. from the gastroduodenal a. of the hepatic a. of the celiac a.

66
Q

blood supply to the duodenum

A

cranial portion: cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. from gastroduodenal a. from hepatic a. from celiac a.
caudal portion: caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. from cranial mesenteric a.

67
Q

blood supply to the jejunum

A

jejunum a. from the cranial mesenteric a.

68
Q

blood supply to the ileum

A

ileal aa. from the cranial mesenteric a.
anti mesenteric ileal a. from the cecal a. from the ileocolic a. from the common colic a. from the cranial mesenteric a.
mesenteric a. from the ileocolic a. from common colic a. from cranial mesenteric a.

69
Q

blood supply to the colon

A

initial ascending colon: colic br of ileocolic a. of the cranial mesenteric a.
distal ascending colon, right colic flexure, initial transverse colon: right colic a. of the common colic a of the cranial mesenteric a.
distal transverse colon, left colic flexure, initial descending colon: middle colic a. of the common colic a. of the cranial mesenteric a.
distal descending colon: left colic a. of the caudal mesenteric a.
initial rectum: cranial rectal a. of the caudal mesenteric a.

70
Q

blood supply to the liver

A

hepatic brs. of the hepatic a. of the celiac a.

71
Q

blood supply to the gal bladder

A

cystic br. from the hepatic branches of the hepatic a. from the celiac a.

72
Q

blood supply to the spleen

A

splenic brs. of the splenic a. of the celiac a.

73
Q

blood supply to the pancreas

A

right lobe: pancreatic brs of cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. from the gastroduodenal a. from the hepatic a. from the celiac a. AND pancreatic brs. of caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. of the caudal mesenteric a.
left lobe: pancreatic brs. from the splenic a. of the celiac a.

74
Q

what veins drain into the caudal vena cava in the abdomen?

A 
lumbar v. 
hepatic v. 
phrenicoabdominal v. 
right testicular/ovarian v.
deep circumflex iliac v.
75
Q

what 2 veins join to form the portal v.

A

cranial and caudal mesenteric veins

76
Q

where does cranial mesenteric v. drain blood from?

A

caudal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and pancreas

77
Q

where does caudal mesenteric v. drain blood from?

A

cecum and colon

78
Q

gastroduodenal and splenic vv. drain into the

A

portal v.

79
Q

gastroduodenal v. drains blood from where?

A

duodenum, pancreas, stomach, greater omentum

80
Q

splenic vein drains blood from where?

A

spleen, stomach, pancreas, greater omentum

81
Q

lumbar lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?

A

lumbar aortic lnn.

renal lnn.

82
Q

the celiac lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?

A

gastric lnn.
hepatic lnn.
splenic lnn.
pancreaticoduodenal lnn.

83
Q

the cranial mesenteric lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?

A

jejunal lnn.

colic lnn.

84
Q

caudal mesenteric lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?

A

caudal mesenteric lnn.

85
Q

lumbar aortic lnn.

A

drains a lot of more cranial structures

efferent vessels drain into lumbar trunks which drain into the cisterns chyli

86
Q

renal lnn.

A

associated with renal vessels
afferent lymph vessels from kidneys
efferent lymph vessels drain into lumbar aortic nodes or lumbar lymphatic vessels

87
Q

hepatic lnn.

A

located on each side of the portal vein near hills of liver
afferent vessels drain stomach, duodenum, pancreas and liver
efferent vessels go to visceral trunks which drain into cisterna chyli

88
Q

splenic lnn.

A

located along terminal brs. of splenic a.
afferent vessels drain esophagus, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, omentum, diaphragm
efferent vessels drain into cisterns chyli

89
Q

gastric lnn.

A

located in lesser omentum near lesser curvature of stomach
afferent drain esophagus, stomach, liver, diaphragm, mesentery, peritoneum
efferent drain into left hepatic or splenic lnn.

90
Q

pancreaticoduodenal lnn.

A

located initial portion of duodenum
afferents drain duodenum, pancreas, omentum
efferent drain into hepaic or right colic lnn.

91
Q

jejunal lnn.

A

largest lymph nodes of the abdomen
located along cranial mesenteric a.
afferents drain jejunum, ileum, pancreas
efferent drains into cisterna chyli

92
Q

colic lnn. (right, middle and left)

A

located mesocolon close to colon
afferent drain ileum, cecum, colon
efferent drain into visceral trunks or medial iliac or lumbar ln.

93
Q

caudal mesenteric lnn.

A

located along caudal mesenteric a.
drains descending colon
drains into medial iliac lnn. or into cisterna chyli via visceral trunks

94
Q

cisterna chyli

A

enlarged lymph duct formed by the joining of lumbar and visceral lymphatic trunks
located on the right and dorsal aspects of aorta in L1-L3 region
carries lymph to thoracic duct

Gross Anatomy (13 decks)

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