abdominal nerves and vessels Flashcards
sympathetic innervation of the abdominal cavity is from
lumbar sympathetic trunk and ganglia
splanchnic nerves
parasympathetic fibers in the dorsal and ventral vagal trunks provide
visceral MOTOR innervation to the abdominal viscera
The vagus n. also carries visceral SENSORY fibers from abdominal viscera to brain
the sympathetic trunk courses from the thoracic cavity to the abdominal cavity through the
lumbocostal arch
preganglionic contributions to the lumbar sympathetic trunk arise from
L1-L5 regions of the spinal cord
splanchnic nerves are composed of
sympathetic (visceral motor) neurons coursing between the sympathetic trunk and ganglia in the abdomen and visceral sensory neurons coursing to the spinal nerve
most preganglionic axons in the sympathetic trunk ash the level of T10-T13 course to
the major splanchnic n.
major splanchnic n. courses from the thoracic cavity to the abdominal cavity through the
lumbocostal arch
major splanchnic n. courses to what ganglia
the adrenal and celiacomestenteric ganglia and plexus
lumbar splanchnic n.
arise from 2nd-5th lumbar sympathetic ganglia
course to the aorticorenal, cranial mesenteric, and caudal mesenteric ganglia and plexus
major splanchnic n. leaves the sympathetic trunk at what thoracic sympathetic ganglion
12th or 13th sympathetic ganglion
nerves that branch off of the lumbar sympathetic trunk for sympathetic innervation
major splanchnic n.
lumbar splanchnic n.
sympathetic ganglia contain
cell bodies of sympathetic and post ganglionic neurons
plexuses are
nerve networks made up of branches of vagus and splanchnic sympathetic nerves and visceral afferents
usually located around major abdominal arteries
supply innervation of abdominal viscera and muscular of arteries
hypogastric n.
post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers from the caudal mesenteric ganglion provides sympathetic innervation to the pelvic viscera
the cranial mesenteric a. supplies
the small and large intestine
parasympathetic innervation of the abdominal cavity is from
vagus nerve
nerve plexuses are made up of
parasympathetic fibers
sympathetic fibers
visceral sensory neurons
How does the sympathetic nerve impulse get from the major splanchnic nerve to the abdominal viscera?
leaves the thoracic sympathetic trunk at 12th or 13th thoracic sympathetic ganglia and goes into the abdominal cavity through the lumbocostal arch and synapses at the celiacomesenteric ganglia and plexus
How does the sympathetic nerve impulse travel from lumbar sympathetic nerves to abdominal viscera?
pre-ganglionic neuron travels through lumbar sympathetic nerve to the lumbar sympathetic trunk and then can travel down the trunk either cranially or caudally to synapse at the ganglia nearest to the target organ and then continue to the target organ along a post ganglionic fiber
where does the celiacomesenteric ganglia get its sympathetic pre-ganglionic fibers from?
mostly the major splanchnic n.
some from minor splanchnic n. and some from lumbar splanchnic n.’s
where does the celiacomesenteric ganglia and plexus get its parasympathetic fibers from?
dorsal vagal trunk
DOES NOT SYNAPSE HERE BECAUSE GANGLIA FOR PARASYMPATHETIC ARE ON THE TARGET ORGAN, so it just becomes part of the mix of the plexus and follows the arteries to the target organ
what route does the parasympathetic innervation take to reach abdominal viscera?
dorsal vagal trunk-> celiacomesenteric ganglia and plexus-> follow the artery towards target organ -> synapse at ganglia on target organ-> very short post ganglionic fiber to target organ
lumbar a. supplies
lumbar region of spinal cord, meninges, lumbar muscles and skin
Cranial mesenteric a. supplies
small and large intestine (except distal region of intestinal tract)
phrenicoabdominal a. courses to what structure?
adrenal gland
phrenicoabdominal a. has what 2 branches?
caudal phrenic a.
cranial abdominal a.
caudal phrenic a. courses to
diaphragm and supplies caudal portion of diaphragm
cranial abdominal a. courses to
craniodorsal abdominal wall
renal a. is paired, which (left or right) branch arises cranially to the other?
right renal a.
ovarian a. supplies
ovary and gives rise to uterine branches to the uterus
testicular a. courses to
the vaginal ring and then to the testis and part of the spermatic cord
caudal mesenteric supplies
distal region of the digestive tract
caudal mesenteric divides into
left colic a. (supples descending colon) and cranial rectal a. (supplies rectum)
deep circumflex iliac a. supplies
caudodorsal region of the abdominal wall
external iliac a. supplies
pelvic limb
internal iliac a. supplies
pelvic cavity and pelvic limb
median sacral a.
continuation of the aorta, continues in the tail region as the median canal a.
major arteries that give blood supply to the stomach and intestines are
celiac a.
cranial mesenteric a.
caudal mesenteric a.
3 branches of celiac a.
hepatic a.
left gastric a.
splenic a.
branches of the hepatic a. are
hepatic brs.
right gastric a.
gastorduodenal a.
hepatic branches of the hepatic a. go to
the liver
right gastric a. of the hepatic a. supplies
the lesser curvature of the stomach and lesser omentum on the right side by pylorus
gastroduodenal a. branches into
right gastroepiploic a.
cranial pancreaticoduodenal a.
right gastroepiploic a. supplies
right side of the greater curvature of the stomach
cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. supplies
initial portion of the duodenum and right lope of the pancreas
left gastric a. supplies
lesser curvature of the stomach on the left side
what branches off of the left gastric a.
esophageal branches that go to the esophagus
what artery supplies the left lobe of the pancreas?
Pancreatic branches of the splenic a.
what artery supplies the right lobe of the pancreas?
pancreaticoduodenal a.
what are the branches of the splenic a.
pancreatic brs.
splenic brs.
short gastric aa.
left gastroepiploic a.
splenic brs. of the splenic a. supply the
spleen
short gastric aa. supply the
fundus of the stomach
left gastroepiploic a. supplies the
left side of the greater curvature of the stomach and greater omentum
what are the branches of the cranial mesenteric a.
common colic a. (has more brs.)
caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. (has more brs.)
Jejunal a.
ileal a.
what are the branches off the common colic a.?
Middle colic a.
accessory colic a.
right colic a.
ileocolic a.
what are the branches of the ileocolic a.
colic branch
cecal a
anti mesenteric ileal br.
mesenteric ileal br.
what does the caudal pancreaticoduondenal a. supply
the distal portion of the descending duodenum
what does the middle colic a. supply?
distal transverse colon, left colic flexure, and initial descending colon
may arise directly from cranial mesenteric a. rather than off of common colic trunk
what does the right colic a. supply?
distal ascending colon, right colic flexure, and initial transverse colon
what does ileocolic a. supply?
colic branch supplies the initial ascending colon
cecal branch supplies the cecum and as the anti mesenteric ileal br. which supplies the ileum
mesenteric ileal br supplies the ileum
What are the 2 arteries that the caudal mesenteric a. branch into?
left colic a.
cranial rectal a.
left colic a. supplies the
distal portion of the descending colon
cranial rectal a. supplies the
initial rectum
terminal portion of the esophagus gets blood supply from what?
esophageal brs. of the left gastric a.
how does blood supply get to the greater curvature of the stomach?
left epiploic a. from the splenic a. of the celiac a.
right epiploic a. from the gastroduodenal a. of the hepatic a. of the celiac a.
blood supply to the duodenum
cranial portion: cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. from gastroduodenal a. from hepatic a. from celiac a.
caudal portion: caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. from cranial mesenteric a.
blood supply to the jejunum
jejunum a. from the cranial mesenteric a.
blood supply to the ileum
ileal aa. from the cranial mesenteric a.
anti mesenteric ileal a. from the cecal a. from the ileocolic a. from the common colic a. from the cranial mesenteric a.
mesenteric a. from the ileocolic a. from common colic a. from cranial mesenteric a.
blood supply to the colon
initial ascending colon: colic br of ileocolic a. of the cranial mesenteric a.
distal ascending colon, right colic flexure, initial transverse colon: right colic a. of the common colic a of the cranial mesenteric a.
distal transverse colon, left colic flexure, initial descending colon: middle colic a. of the common colic a. of the cranial mesenteric a.
distal descending colon: left colic a. of the caudal mesenteric a.
initial rectum: cranial rectal a. of the caudal mesenteric a.
blood supply to the liver
hepatic brs. of the hepatic a. of the celiac a.
blood supply to the gal bladder
cystic br. from the hepatic branches of the hepatic a. from the celiac a.
blood supply to the spleen
splenic brs. of the splenic a. of the celiac a.
blood supply to the pancreas
right lobe: pancreatic brs of cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. from the gastroduodenal a. from the hepatic a. from the celiac a. AND pancreatic brs. of caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. of the caudal mesenteric a.
left lobe: pancreatic brs. from the splenic a. of the celiac a.
what veins drain into the caudal vena cava in the abdomen?
lumbar v. hepatic v. phrenicoabdominal v. right testicular/ovarian v. deep circumflex iliac v.
what 2 veins join to form the portal v.
cranial and caudal mesenteric veins
where does cranial mesenteric v. drain blood from?
caudal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and pancreas
where does caudal mesenteric v. drain blood from?
cecum and colon
gastroduodenal and splenic vv. drain into the
portal v.
gastroduodenal v. drains blood from where?
duodenum, pancreas, stomach, greater omentum
splenic vein drains blood from where?
spleen, stomach, pancreas, greater omentum
lumbar lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?
lumbar aortic lnn.
renal lnn.
the celiac lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?
gastric lnn.
hepatic lnn.
splenic lnn.
pancreaticoduodenal lnn.
the cranial mesenteric lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?
jejunal lnn.
colic lnn.
caudal mesenteric lymphocenter includes what lymph nodes?
caudal mesenteric lnn.
lumbar aortic lnn.
drains a lot of more cranial structures
efferent vessels drain into lumbar trunks which drain into the cisterns chyli
renal lnn.
associated with renal vessels
afferent lymph vessels from kidneys
efferent lymph vessels drain into lumbar aortic nodes or lumbar lymphatic vessels
hepatic lnn.
located on each side of the portal vein near hills of liver
afferent vessels drain stomach, duodenum, pancreas and liver
efferent vessels go to visceral trunks which drain into cisterna chyli
splenic lnn.
located along terminal brs. of splenic a.
afferent vessels drain esophagus, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, omentum, diaphragm
efferent vessels drain into cisterns chyli
gastric lnn.
located in lesser omentum near lesser curvature of stomach
afferent drain esophagus, stomach, liver, diaphragm, mesentery, peritoneum
efferent drain into left hepatic or splenic lnn.
pancreaticoduodenal lnn.
located initial portion of duodenum
afferents drain duodenum, pancreas, omentum
efferent drain into hepaic or right colic lnn.
jejunal lnn.
largest lymph nodes of the abdomen
located along cranial mesenteric a.
afferents drain jejunum, ileum, pancreas
efferent drains into cisterna chyli
colic lnn. (right, middle and left)
located mesocolon close to colon
afferent drain ileum, cecum, colon
efferent drain into visceral trunks or medial iliac or lumbar ln.
caudal mesenteric lnn.
located along caudal mesenteric a.
drains descending colon
drains into medial iliac lnn. or into cisterna chyli via visceral trunks
cisterna chyli
enlarged lymph duct formed by the joining of lumbar and visceral lymphatic trunks
located on the right and dorsal aspects of aorta in L1-L3 region
carries lymph to thoracic duct
