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Kidney > Kidney Failure > Flashcards

Kidney Failure Flashcards

1
Q

What are the consequences of kidney failure?

A 
No control of blood pH
No control of blood pressure
No control of blood water potential
Anaemia 
Lack of RBCs
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2
Q

What are the treatments for Kindey disease?

A

Renal Dialysis

Transplantation

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3
Q

How is Kidney disease measure?

A

Glomerular filtrate rate (GFR)

Level of creatinine in urine measures

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4
Q

What is creatinine?

A

Breakdown product of muscle

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5
Q

What are the 2 types of Renal Dialysis?

A

Haemodialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis

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6
Q

What factors are important in the dialysis fluid?

A

Same amount of glucose and minerals as blood
No urea
37°C temperature

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7
Q

How does the dialysis fluid work?

A

Creates a steep concentration gradient from blood to fluid. Urea diffuses along gradient
Passive process

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8
Q

What are the advantages of Haemodialysis?

A

Countercurrent

Fast

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9
Q

What are the advantages of Peritoneal Dialysis?

A

Can be done at home

Peopele can walk around whilst treatment is happening

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of Haemodialysis?

A

Fixed to a machine
Have to go to hospital
Damages veins making treatment hard

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11
Q

What are the disadvantages of Peritoneal Dialysis?

A

No countercurrebt

Slow process

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12
Q

How does Haemodialysis work?

A

Blood from artery in arm attached to tubes.

Blood passes through dialyser.

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13
Q

What stops the blood form clotting in hameodialysis?

A

heparin pump

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14
Q

What prevents air bubbles entering the body in hameodialysis?

A

air detector and clamp

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15
Q

Why is a dialyser so effective?

A

Countercurrent made by fine capillary tubes in dialyser.

increase in surface area to maximize exchange

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16
Q

How does peritoneal dialysis work?

A

Catheter inserted into abdomen.

Solution left flowing into abdomen for a few hours then drained out.

17
Q

How does a Kindey transplant work?

A

Healthy donor kidney placed in patient.
Renal artery and Renal vein connected.
Ureter from New Kindey inseted into bladder

18
Q

What are the advantages of a transplant over dialysis?

A

Longer lasting
No need to control diet
Cheaper in long run
No cumulative damage to veins

19
Q

What are the problems with transplantation?

A

Low availability/ Lack of donors
Rejection
Need for immunosuppressabt drugs for test of life

20
Q

Why are immunosuppressant drugs bad?

A

Make you vulnerable to illness.

21
Q

How frequent is dialysis?

A

2 to 3 times a week

Kidney (8 decks)

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