the kidney is…
a retroperitoneal organ located between T11 and L3
kidney is divided into
- 2 surfaces ant and post. surfaces
- 2 poles sup (wide) and inf pole (conical)
how is the vein, artery and ureter set out
remember VAU anterior to posterior
what is the renal sinus
a cavity that is the continuation of the hilum of the kidney
what is the hilum of the kidney?
region of medial border which allows passage of vessels in and out of the organ and contains the renal pelvis
which is the lower kidney and why?
the right kidney because of the impression of the liver
the anterior surface of the right kidney is in contact with?
- liver
- right colic flexure
- adrenal gland
- descending part of duodenum and jejunum
the anterior surface of the left kidney is in contact with?
- stomach
- pancreas
- jejunum
- descending colon
- spleen
- adrenal gland
the posterior surface of the right and left kidney is in contact with?
- psoas major
- quadratus lumborum
- diaphragm
- tendon of transverse abdominalis muscle
ligaments of the kidneys
- hepatorenal ligament
- splenorenal ligament (peritoneal ligament)
the renal sinus contains? and what are structure and function of each part
- renal papilla (pyramidal elevations projecting into the sinus)
- renal medulla (contains renal pyramids)
- renal cortex (beneath thefibrous capsule)
what are the parts of the renal cortex?
- renal columns
- medullary rays
- cortical labyrinth
- cortex cortices
arteriole supply of the kidney?
renal artery which branches to interlobar artery then branches to the arcuate artery then that branches to the interlobular arteries
characteristics between the left and right renal artery
left renal artery is shorter than the right
the right renal artery is posterior to the inferior venacava
venous supply of the kidney
renal veins *** the right is shorter than the left renal vein
blood supply of the adrenal gland?
- superior suprarenal artery
- middle suprerenal artery
- inferior suprarenal artery
the capsule of the kidney from superficial to deep
- renal fascia (does not surround the medial and inf. side of the kidney)
- perirenal fat capsule (surrounds the whole kidney and adrenal gland)
- renal capsule
function and contents of the renal pelvis?
- collects urine
- renal pelvis is formed by 2-3 major calicies
- has the minor calyx surrounds one renal papilla and 2-3 fuse forming the major calcies
the ureter….
is retroperitoneal and is a continuation of the renal pelvis and is flattened thick- walled tube which connects the renal pelvis with the urinary bladder.
what are the crossings of the ureter?
1st- behind the gonadal artery
2nd- anterior to the common iliac artery close to bifurcation
3rd- behind and bellow the ductus deferent and behind and bellow the uterine artery
the blood supply of the ureter?
- renal a.
- testicular a. in males
- overian a. in females
- internal pudendal a.
- superior vesical a.
anatomic innervation of the ureter
splanchnic artery
