kidney

Question 1

the kidney is…

Answer 1

a retroperitoneal organ located between T11 and L3

Question 2

kidney is divided into

Answer 2

• 2 surfaces ant and post. surfaces

- 2 poles sup (wide) and inf pole (conical)

Question 3

how is the vein, artery and ureter set out

Answer 3

remember VAU anterior to posterior

Question 4

what is the renal sinus

Answer 4

a cavity that is the continuation of the hilum of the kidney

Question 5

what is the hilum of the kidney?

Answer 5

region of medial border which allows passage of vessels in and out of the organ and contains the renal pelvis

Question 6

which is the lower kidney and why?

Answer 6

the right kidney because of the impression of the liver

Question 7

the anterior surface of the right kidney is in contact with?

Answer 7

• liver
• right colic flexure
• adrenal gland
• descending part of duodenum and jejunum

Question 8

the anterior surface of the left kidney is in contact with?

Answer 8

• stomach
• pancreas
• jejunum
• descending colon
• spleen
• adrenal gland

Question 9

the posterior surface of the right and left kidney is in contact with?

Answer 9

• psoas major
• quadratus lumborum
• diaphragm
• tendon of transverse abdominalis muscle

Question 10

ligaments of the kidneys

Answer 10

• hepatorenal ligament

- splenorenal ligament (peritoneal ligament)

Question 11

the renal sinus contains? and what are structure and function of each part

Answer 11

• renal papilla (pyramidal elevations projecting into the sinus)
• renal medulla (contains renal pyramids)
• renal cortex (beneath thefibrous capsule)

Question 12

what are the parts of the renal cortex?

Answer 12

• renal columns
• medullary rays
• cortical labyrinth
• cortex cortices

Question 13

arteriole supply of the kidney?

Answer 13

renal artery which branches to interlobar artery then branches to the arcuate artery then that branches to the interlobular arteries

Question 14

characteristics between the left and right renal artery

Answer 14

left renal artery is shorter than the right

the right renal artery is posterior to the inferior venacava

Question 15

venous supply of the kidney

Answer 15

renal veins *** the right is shorter than the left renal vein

Question 16

blood supply of the adrenal gland?

Answer 16

• superior suprarenal artery
• middle suprerenal artery
• inferior suprarenal artery

Question 17

the capsule of the kidney from superficial to deep

Answer 17

• renal fascia (does not surround the medial and inf. side of the kidney)
• perirenal fat capsule (surrounds the whole kidney and adrenal gland)
• renal capsule

Question 18

function and contents of the renal pelvis?

Answer 18

• collects urine
• renal pelvis is formed by 2-3 major calicies
• has the minor calyx surrounds one renal papilla and 2-3 fuse forming the major calcies

Question 19

the ureter….

Answer 19

is retroperitoneal and is a continuation of the renal pelvis and is flattened thick- walled tube which connects the renal pelvis with the urinary bladder.

Question 20

what are the crossings of the ureter?

Answer 20

1st- behind the gonadal artery
2nd- anterior to the common iliac artery close to bifurcation
3rd- behind and bellow the ductus deferent and behind and bellow the uterine artery

Question 21

the blood supply of the ureter?

Answer 21

• renal a.
• testicular a. in males
• overian a. in females
• internal pudendal a.
• superior vesical a.

Question 22

anatomic innervation of the ureter

Answer 22

splanchnic artery