Key words for paper 3 Flashcards
what is ‘Annual Rainfall’
the amount of rainfall in a year measured in mm
what is ‘Water Stress’
a period of time where the demand for water exceeds the amount available
what is ‘Water efficient products’
products that use small amounts of water eg washing machines
what is ‘Demand’
the amount of something that is required
what is ‘Drought’
a period of time of very little/ no rainfall leading to water shortages
what is ‘Enviromental Agency’
an organisation that manages the environment, incl water supply/flooding etc
what is ‘Water supply’
the water supply in the area is the water that is collected and passed through pipes to buildings for people to use
what is ‘water demand management’
a management approach which aims to conserve water by reducing demand. It involves using incentives to promote efficient and equitable use of water. It has the potential to incr water avaliablity through more efficient allocation and use
what is ‘leakage’
water thats lost/can’t be used eg due to leaking pipes
what is ‘nonhoushold demand’
demand for water by industry
what is ‘household demand’
demand for water from peoples homes
what is ‘engineering projects’
projects such as building dams and water transfer schemes
what is ‘drought-prone regions’
areas that are likely to experience drought eg.South East UK
what is ‘hose-pipe bans’
a strategy to reduce water demand - hose pipes are banned in gardens
what is ‘water rich areas’
areas of high rainfall (Western UK)
what is ‘water deficit’
a lack of water- where demand is higher than supply eg SE England
what is ‘water surplus’
an excess of water- where supply is higher than demand eg NW England
what is ‘water transfer’
the movement of water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit through pipes, canals and rivers
what is ‘reservoir’
a man-made lake built to contain water. Involves building a dam and flooding land
what is ‘alleviate’
to reduce something
what is ‘embankment’
a man-made raised bank built around a reservoir to incurs the capacity
what is ‘thames basin’
the area around the thames river which is densely populated
what is ‘evaporation’
loss of water into the atmosphere due to the suns energy
what is ‘transpiration’
the evaporation of water water from the plants leaves into the atmosphere
what is ‘domestic water use’
use of water in peoples homes
what is ‘offset’
to counter the effect of something
what is ‘cisterns’
the flushing mechanism in a toilet
what is ‘building regulations’
rules that developers need to follow then building new changing buildings
what is ‘thames water’
the company that manages the water supply in thames basin
what is ‘sustainable water supplies’
water supplies that meet the needs of the present without compromising future generations
what is ‘seasonal precipitation’
varying rainfall over the year
what is ‘shortfall of water’
a deficit/ lack of water, due to more demand then supply
what is ‘wetlands’
areas of land that are wet and have high biodiversity
what is ‘trout fishery ‘
a place where trout are reed for recreational or business reasons
what is ‘desalination plants’
a factory where salt is removed from salt water in order to make the water sustainable for drinking and irrigation
what is ‘water security’
the ability to access sufficient quantities of clean water to maintain adequate standards of food and goods production, proper sanitation, and sustainable health care
