Key Words Flashcards
Beneficence
Allah is all-loving
Transcendence
Allah is outside the world, beyond everything and outside time
justice (Adalat in Shi’a Islam)
Just behaviour or treatment. Allah will punish those who disobey him.
prophethood (Risalah)
Prophet: An inspired teacher who proclaims the will of God and is his messenger.
Risalah
Communication between God in the form of books, angels and prophets
predestination (al-Qadr)
Al-Qadr is the Muslim belief that Allah has decided everything that will happen in the world and in people’s lives, which is also called predestination.
Akhirah
Akhirah is the term used in Islam to describe the belief in everlasting life after death. Muslims regard life on Earth as a test from Allah, to prepare them for eternal life.
Recitations
Reciting ayahs from the Qur’an
Alms
Alms are money, food, or other material goods donated to people living in poverty.
Compilation
The compilation of the Qur’an took place in three stages and was collected as they were revealed to Muhammad.
Hijrah
Prophet Muhammad’s migration from Makkah to Madinah in 622 CE to escape persecution.
‘Seal of the Prophets’
Muhammad, the final prophet
Caliph/Imam Ali (Ahl-ul-Bayt)
Leader of the mosque.
Hadith
Muhammad’s sayings
Sunnah
Muhammad’s actions
Isnad
The series of narrators who report Hadith (Muhammad’s sayings)
Matn
The Hadith report itself.
Sharia law
- It sets the code of law for Islamic living.
- Both Sunnis and Shi’as have similar interpretations of Sharia law.
- Sharia law governs a Muslim person’s whole life as it is based on revelation from God.
- For Muslims, Sharia law applies the insight of the Qur’an to new situations and it explains to them how to properly obey Allah.
analogy (Qiyas)
Analogical reasoning as applied to
the deduction of juridical principles from the Qur’an and the Sunnah.
consensus (ijma’)
The universal and infallible agreement of either the Muslim community as a whole or Muslim scholars in particular.
judges (qadis)
A Muslim judge who renders decisions according to the Sharia law.
scholars (the ‘ulama)
The guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam, including Islamic doctrine and law.
Imam
Leader in Islam.
doctrine of Nass
It teaches that every imam is chosen by the previous imam, which ensures continuity.
Sunni Muslims believe that leadership within the community is not a birth right as it is in Shi’a Islam.
inerrancy
The Qur’an is infallible.
Ummah
‘Community’ in Islam
Modesty
Men and women share responsibility in upholding modesty and controlling their desires in society.
Halal
- Muslims follow strict food laws and only eat food which is prepared and cooked in line with Islamic law.
- Animals are slaughtered in a way that their blood is drained away.
- Meat produced in this way is called Halal.
haram
- Forbidden
- Actions such as cursing, fornication, murder, and disrespecting one’s parents.
- Certain food and drinks, such as pork and alcohol.
riba - prohibition of interest
- Riba, an Arabic word meaning “to increase” or “to exceed”
- Refers to unequal exchanges or charges for borrowing, which are forbidden by Islamic law.
Sufi
Some Muslims seek to come closer to Allah by following an inner, spiritual journey. These people are called Sufis.
Sheikh saints
Bro they’re just holy saints innit
dhikr
A form of devotion and prayer associated with sufism
