Key Terms Unit 1 AsO1 Flashcards
FROM GRACES TEACHER FOR SAC !
What are hereditary factors?
Biological influences on development resulting from genetic information passed from parent to offspring
Hereditary factors play a crucial role in shaping an individual’s physical and psychological traits.
What are environmental factors?
External influences within a person’s environment that can affect development
These factors include social, economic, and cultural conditions.
Define genotype.
All genes inherited from biological parents
The genotype determines hereditary traits.
Define phenotype.
Expression of a person’s genes
The phenotype is influenced by both genotype and environmental factors.
What is resilience?
Ability to ‘bounce back’ after adversity and return to normal levels of functioning
Resilience is a critical aspect of mental health.
What does emotional wellbeing refer to?
Ability to feel and express emotions in a positive way
Emotional wellbeing is essential for overall mental health.
What is observational learning?
Learning new behaviors by observing others, influenced by consequences of others’ actions
This concept is pivotal in social learning theory.
Define cognitive development.
Changes in mental abilities over time
Cognitive development encompasses various stages of learning and understanding.
What is assimilation in cognitive development?
Fitting new concepts into pre-existing ideas
Assimilation allows individuals to integrate new information with existing knowledge.
What is accommodation in cognitive development?
Adjusting existing ideas to handle new situations
Accommodation is necessary for learning when new information cannot fit into existing schemas.
Define schema.
Pre-existing mental ideas about a concept that helps organize and interpret new information
Schemas influence how we perceive the world.
What are sensitive periods?
Times when experiences have particularly strong effects on development
Sensitive periods are critical for acquiring certain skills.
What are critical periods?
Specific times in development when certain experiences are essential
Critical periods are often linked to developmental milestones.
Define statistical rarity.
Defines abnormal behavior as behavior that deviates significantly from the average
This concept helps in understanding what constitutes abnormality.
What are social norms?
Shared beliefs about what is normal, acceptable, or typical behavior
Social norms vary across cultures and communities.
Define normality.
Typical and expected behavior that conforms to societal standards
Normality is often subjective and context-dependent.
What is abnormality?
Unusual, atypical, or out-of-the-ordinary behaviors
Abnormality can encompass a wide range of behaviors and conditions.
Define neurotypicality.
Standard or typical brain functioning and behavior
Neurotypicality is often used in contrast to neurodiversity.
What is neurodiversity?
Recognition that everyone has a unique nervous system with different abilities and needs
Neurodiversity emphasizes the value of diverse neurological conditions.
What does cultural responsiveness mean?
Respect for diverse health beliefs, practices, and cultures, relevant to linguistic and community need
Cultural responsiveness is essential in healthcare and education.
