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ANIMAL BREEDING > Key-numbers > Flashcards

Key-numbers Flashcards

1
Q

Puberty (months)

Horse

A

16-18 months

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2
Q

Puberty (months)

Cattle

A

5-6 months

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3
Q

Puberty (months)

Goat

A

6-8 months

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4
Q

Puberty (months)

Sheeps

A

6-8 months

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5
Q

Puberty (months)

Cat

A

6-8 months

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6
Q

Puberty (months)

Dog

A

6-9 months

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7
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Horse
A

Over 2 years. 3-5 years

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8
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Cattle
A

15-24

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9
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Goat
A

7-12

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10
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Sheep
A

7-12

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11
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Cat
A

7-12

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12
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Dog
A

7-12

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13
Q

Puberty (months)

Swine

A

5-17

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14
Q 
Breed maturity (months)
Swine
A

6-18/6-8 Over 90-100kg

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15
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Horse
A

21-22

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16
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Cattle
A

21

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17
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Sheep
A

18

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18
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Goat
A

21-22

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19
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Swine
A

21

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20
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Dog
A

4-9(6) months

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21
Q 
Sexual cycle (oestrus cycle) Days
Cat
A

10-14 days (monophasic)

35-40 days (Polyphasic)

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22
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Horse
A

5-6 days

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23
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Cattle
A

16-36 hours

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24
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Sheep
A

24-36 hours

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25
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Goat
A

24-36 hours

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26
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Swine
A

3-4 days

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27
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Dog
A

9-15 days

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28
Q 
Heat duration (days/hours)
Cat
A

3-5 days

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29
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Horse
A

335

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30
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Cattle
A

285

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31
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Sheep
A

150

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32
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Goat
A

150

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33
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Swine
A

114

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34
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Dog
A

63

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35
Q 
Pregnancy duration (days)
Cat
A

61

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36
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Horse
A

180-200

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37
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Cattle
A

240-305

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38
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Sheep
A

150-250

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39
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Goat
A

150-250

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40
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Swine
A

40-50

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41
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Dog
A

50-60

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42
Q 
Lactation duration (days)
Cat
A

50-60

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43
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Horse

A

5-9 days

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44
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Cattle

A

5-6 weeks

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45
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Sheep

A

3-6 weeks

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46
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Goat

A

3-6 weeks

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47
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Swine

A

3-9 th after day at weaning

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48
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Dog

A

6 month interwall

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49
Q

1st portpart heat (days/weeks)

Cat

A

12-16 hours (Photoperiod) at weaning finished

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50
Q

Domestication HORSE + Use

A

4000 BC
SE-EUROPE
- Tarpan (extinct)
- Prezvalski (Taki)

USE: Meat, dairy, sports, pack animals

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51
Q

Domestication CATTLE + Use

A

(Bos Primigenius Indicus/taurus)
8000 BC
SE-EUROPE
- Aurochs

USE: Meat, dairy, leather, draught

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52
Q

Domestication SHEEP + use

A

9-11000 BC
SW-ASIA
- Red wild sheep

USE: Meat (mutton, lamb), dairy, wool, leather

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53
Q

Domestication GOAT + use

A

10000 BC
SW-ASIA
- Bezoar goat

USE: Meat, dairy, leather, wool, light draught

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54
Q

Domestication SWINE

A

8-9000 BC
SE-ASIA
- Wild Boar

55
Q

Domestication DOG + use

A

> 15000 BC
MESOPOTAMIA (irak?)
- Wolf (grey)

USE: Herding, searching, protection, companion, meat(china), gathering-

56
Q

Domestication CAT + use

A

8000 BC
EGYPT
- Nubian wild cat

Use: Pest controll

57
Q

Domestication of Poultry foul

Chicken/Hen + use

A

6000 BC
INDIA
- Red Ungle fowl

Use: Meat, Egg

58
Q

Domestication of Poultry foul

Goose + use

A

4000 BC
CHINA/ SW-ASIA
- Greylag goose

Use: Meat, egg + Liver

59
Q

Domestication of Poultry foul

Duck + use

A

2000 BC
CHINA
- Muskovy/Mallard

Use: Meat, egg

60
Q

Domestication of Poultry foul

Turkey + use

A

1000 BC
MEXICO
- Mexican Turkey

Use: Meat

61
Q

Domestication of Poultry foul

Pidgeon + use

A

5000 BC
MEDITERANIAN COAST
- Rock pidgeon (Dove)

Use: Meat, sport, Hobby

62
Q

The term UNIPOROUS

A

Producing a single offspring at a birth

63
Q

The term LOW REPRODUCTION POTENTIAL

A

Means that a population cannot recover quickly after following population decline

64
Q

The term BIPHASIC

A

Having 2 phases

65
Q

The term HEAT/ESTRUS

A

Female is receptive for mating and fertile

66
Q

The term FOAL HEAT

A

Fist oestrus/heat after foaling, approx 9th day after. 50% fertile

67
Q

The term HYPERAEMIC

A

Increased blood flow to different organs and tissue

68
Q

The term INDUCED OVULATION

A

The female animal ovulates due to external derived stimulus during/prior to mating. EG. CATS! Female does not ovulate unless bred.

69
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
Water+Drymatter
Sheep

A

79,9 % W

20,1 % DM

70
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
Water+Drymatter
GOAT

A

86% W

14% DM

71
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
Water+Drymatter
CATTLE

A

87,7% W

12,3% DM

72
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
FAT
SHEEP

A

7,2 %

73
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
FAT
GOAT

A

4,46%

74
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
FAT
CATTLE

A

3,61%

75
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
PROTEIN
SHEEP

A

6,5%

76
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
PROTEIN
GOAT

A

4,4%

77
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
PROTEIN
CATTLE

A

3,29%

78
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
F/P
Sheep

A

0,9

79
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
F/P
GOAT

A

0,96

80
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals

F/P

A

0,91

81
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
LACTOSE
Sheep

A

5,4

82
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
LACTOSE
Goat

A

4,2

83
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
LACTOSE
Cattle

A

4,65

84
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
ASH
Sheep

A

1,0

85
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
ASH
GOAT

A

0,8

86
Q

Comparison of milk components in dairy animals
ASH
CATTLE

A

0,75

87
Q

Water + Drymatter = ?

A

100%

88
Q

Dry matter = ?

A

FAT
PROTEIN
LACTOSE
ASH

89
Q

Nr of offsprings (Littersize)

HORSE/Mare

A

1

Twin is rare

90
Q

Nr of offsprings (Littersize)

CATTLE/Cow

A

1 (Rarely, up to 5% twinning, 90% chimeras, females of diff sex = Free martins)

91
Q

Nr of offsprings (Littersize)

Goat/Sheep

A

1(-2)

92
Q

Nr of offsprings (Littersize)

Pig/Sow

A

6-14 (8-10)

93
Q

Nr of offsprings (Littersize)

Dog

A

2-12 (6-8)

94
Q

Nr of offsprings (Littersize)

Cat

A

4-10

95
Q

POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks

Chicken

A

24-26 (28-30)

96
Q

POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks

Goose

A

35-38 (40-45)

97
Q

POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks

Duck

A

18-26 (2-4th week after puberty)

98
Q

POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks

Turkey

A

16 weeks

99
Q

POULTRY - Puberty (Breeding age) in weeks

Pidgeon

A

?

100
Q

POULTRY - Egg/Year

Chicken

A

100-300

101
Q

POULTRY - Egg/Year

Goose

A

12-70

102
Q

POULTRY - Egg/Year

Duck

A

100-300

103
Q

POULTRY - Egg/Year

Turkey

A

80-110

104
Q

POULTRY - Egg/Year

Pidgeon

A

2 per brood = approx 16

105
Q

POULTRY - Weight

Chicken

A

60-63 g

106
Q

POULTRY - Weight

Goose

A

120-200g

107
Q

POULTRY - Weight

Duck

A

60-100g

108
Q

POULTRY - Weight

Turkey

A

80-90g

109
Q

POULTRY - Weight

Pidgeon

A

20-22g (7-8 * 2 eggs annually)

110
Q

POULTRY - Colour

Chicken

A

Brown/White

111
Q

POULTRY - Colour

Goose

A

Grayish /white

112
Q

POULTRY - Colour

Duck

A

White

113
Q

POULTRY - Colour

Turkey

A

Freckled

114
Q

POULTRY - Incubation (days)

Chicken

A

21

115
Q

POULTRY - Incubation (days)

Goose

A

30

116
Q

POULTRY - Incubation (days)

Duck

A

28

117
Q

POULTRY - Incubation (days)

Turkey

A

28

118
Q

POULTRY - Incubation (days)

Pidgeon

A

17

119
Q

POULTRY -Laying period Goose

A

4-5 months

120
Q

POULTRY -Laying period Duck

A

8-10 months

121
Q

POULTRY -Laying period Pidgeons

A

7-8 cycles

122
Q

The term PREPOTENT

A

Showing great effectiveness in transmitting heriditiary characteristics to its offsprings

123
Q

The term INTROGRESSION

A

The transfer of genetic information from one species to another as a result of hybridization between them and backcrossing.

124
Q

The term HETEROSIS/Hybrid-vigour

A

The tendency of a crossbred individual to show qualities superior to those of both parents

125
Q

The term BACKCROSS

A

Cross ( a hybrid) with one of its parents with the same genetic characteristics or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve a offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent.

126
Q

The term OUTCROSS

A

Breed with no closely relations

127
Q

Sheep chromosome nr

A

Wild: 2n 54
Domestic: 2n 54-58

128
Q

Goat chromosome nr

A

2n=60

129
Q

Sheep/Goat mixed

A

Wild sheep * Dom sheep = WORKS
Wild goat * Dom goat = WORKS

INTERSP. HYBRIDS:

MALE sheep / FEMALE goat = WORKS
MALE goat / FEMALE sheep = NO

130
Q

BREEDING METHODS - HORSE

A
  1. Mating system: Natural or AI (thorough bred nature)
  2. Selection:
    - Sport horses
    - Meat/milk production
  3. Purebreeding
    - Innbreading/Line breeding
  4. Crossbreeding
    - Breed refreshment
    - Single crossing
    - Grading up
131
Q

BREEDING METHODS - CATTLE

A
  1. Mating system:
    - Natural (beef)
    - AI: Predominantly dairy breed
  2. Selection:
    - Meat/milk production
  3. Purebreeding
    - Innbreading/Line breeding
  4. Crossbreeding
    - Terminal crossing
    - 2 or 3 breed cross
    - Rotational crossing
132
Q

BREEDING METHODS - GOAT and SHEEP

A
  1. Mating system:
    - Natural (massbreed/Flock)
    - AI
  2. Selection: Depend on PURPOSE
    - Lamb (mutton) production
    - Wool
    - Milking method
    - Fur (only a few breed appropriate)
  3. Purebreeding
    - Innbreading/Line breeding
  4. Crossbreeding
    - Terminal crossing
    - 2 or 3 breed cross
    - Rotational crossing
133
Q

BREEDING METHODS - SWINE

A
  1. Mating system:
    - Natural (Harem/stud)
    - AI
  2. Purebreeding
    - Innbreading/Line breeding
  3. Crossbreeding
    - Terminal crossing
    - Grading up (rare)
    - Rotational crossing
134
Q

BREEDING METHODS - DOG and CAT

A
  1. Mating system:
    - Mating or AI
  2. Purebreeding
    - Innbreading/Line breeding
  3. Crossbreeding
    - Outcrossing (like-to-like)
    - Grading up (unlike-to-unlike)

ANIMAL BREEDING (10 decks)

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