Key Individuals: Napoleon & Europe Flashcards
1
Q
Tsar Alexander I
A
1
Q
Eugène Beauharnais
A
2
Q
Marshal Bernadotte
A
3
Q
General Blucher
A
4
Q
Elisa Bonaparte
A
5
Q
Jérôme Bonaparte
A
6
Q
Joseph Bonaparte
A
7
Q
Louis Bonaparte
A
8
Q
Pauline Bonaparte
A
9
Q
Viscount Castlereagh
A
- British statesman and Foreign Minister 1812-1822
- Worked with Metternich in managing the Fourth Coalition
- Led British delegation at the Congress of Vienna
- Concerned to preserve ‘a balance of power’ in Europe to bring peace and stability
- Favoured moderate liberal political reform
- Became unpopular for repressive action against the working class in Britain
- 1822: Committed suicide
10
Q
Benjamin Constant
A
- 1803-1814: Exiled but returned during Napoleon’s Hundred Days
- Advised on the drawing up of Acte Additionel which provided the basis for a ore liberal and democratic government
11
Q
Frederick-William III of Prussia
A
- 1806: Joined coalition against France but was defeated at Jena
- Only retained his throne because of Tsar Alexander I pleaded for him at Tilst
- Client king of France until 1813, reformed administration & military
- 1813: Led Prussia in the War of Liberation
- 1814: Fought at Leipzig, entered Paris with Alexander I, attended Vienna Congress
12
Q
Louis XVIII
A
- Restored in 1814 and briefly fled during the Hundred Days when Napoleon returned to power
- Returned to rule from 1815 to 1824
13
Q
Captain Maitland
A
14
Q
Prince Klemens von Metternich
A
- 1809-1848: Foreign Minister of Austria
- Responsible for the marriage of Napoleon and Marie-Louise
- Presided over the Congress of Vienna where he used his influence to resist the spread of liberal and nationalist ideas which might threaten the large and disparate Austrian Empire
- Concern for monarchical government and aristocratic government.
15
Q
Joachim Murat
A
- October 1795: Cavalry soldier aiding Napoleon against royalists
- Aide-de-camp in Italian and Egyptian campaigns
- Supported Coup of Brumaire, married Napoleon’s sister Caroline
- Fought at Marengo, made marshal in 1804
- Distinguished at Austerlitz, Jena, Eylau
- Made Grand Duke of Berg & Clèves
- Napoleon’s lieutenant in Spain
- 1808: Became King of Naples
- 1812: Led Grand Armée in Russian Campaign, retreated
- 1813: Failed to save Naples from Austrians, fled to Corsica
- 1815: Killed trying to recover Naples
16
Q
Admiral Horatio Nelson
A
17
Q
Talleyrand
A
- Foreign Minister
- 1804: Grand Chamberlain
- 1814: Persuaded Senate to establish a provisional government of 5 including himself and declare Napoleon as deposed when allies entered Paris
- Louis XVIII appointed Talleyrand as his Foreign Minister
- France’s representative at the Congress of Vienna
18
Q
Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington)
A
- Irish-born military commander
- Gained prominence in India & Peninsular War (1808-1814)
- 1815: Defeated Napoleon at Waterloo
- 1814: Made Duke of Wellington, awarded £500,000 for contributing to the defeat of Napoleon.
- 1828-1830: British Prime Minister
