Key Individuals: Constitutional Monarchy Flashcards
1
Q
Duc d’Agullion
A
One of the richest landowners in France and helped draw up the August Decrees
2
Q
Jean-Sylvain Bailly
A
- An Astronomer who was elected as a Third Estate Deputy to the Estates-General
- The first President of the National Assembly and presided over the Tennis Court Oath
- The first Mayor of Paris (1789-1791)
- Presented LXVI with a revolutionary cockade in July 1789.
- Lost popularity after the Champ de Mars because he ordered the dispersal of crowds in 1791
- Retired in 1793 but was guillotined after he refused to testify against Marie Antoinette
3
Q
Antoine Barnave
A
- A lawyer who became a deputy in 1789 and gained the reputation as a radical in the National Assembly.
- October 1790: became President of the National Assembly
- A member of the Jacobin club but in 1791 helped found the Feuillants.
- Retired in September 1791
- 1793: Tried and executed.
4
Q
Jacques-Pierre Brissot
A
- A writer imprisoned in Bastille for pamphlets against the Queen and government in 1783-84
- 1789: Became a member of the Paris Commune and launched a newspaper Le Patriote Français
- 1791: Elected to the Legislative Assembly and led the Girondins
5
Q
Duke of Brunswick
A
6
Q
Isaac-René-Guy Le Chapelier
A
7
Q
Marquis de Condorcet
A
- A leading Enlightenment philosopher and mathematician
- Elected to the National Convention and supported the Girondins
8
Q
Georges - Jacques Danton
A
- A lawyer of Enlightenment ideas
- July 1789: Joined the new National guard
- 1790: Helped found the Cordeliers Club.
- Served in the Paris Commune and elected to the Legislative Assembly and became Minister of Justice in 1792.
- Encouraged insurrections and the September Massacres in 1792.
9
Q
Camille Desmoulins
A
- Lawyer in the Paris Parlement
- Wrote articles for Mirabeau’s paper and gave speeches at Palais-Royal
- November 1789 - July 1791: Editor of Les Révolutions de France et de Brabant which strongly attacked the monarchy
- 1792: Became a deputy in the National Convention
- Voted for the Kings execution
10
Q
Jean-Baptiste Drouet
A
- Recognised LXVI at Sainte-Menehould during the flight to Varenne from coins.
11
Q
General Dumouriez
A
- Proffesional soldier and made a general in 1792
- Sided with the Girondins
- Won victory at Valmy on the 20th September 1792
- Won victory at Jemappes on the 6th November 1792
- February 1793: Invaded the United Provinces
- Defeated by the Austrians at Neerwinden 18th March 1793 and Leuvan 2st March 1793 where he signed an Armistice
- Considered overthrowing the National Convention but his troops deserted
- April 1793: Defected to the Austrians
12
Q
Frederick-William III
A
- 1797: Came to the throne and supported some enlightened reform in Prussia
13
Q
Abbé Henri Gregoire
A
- Elected to the Estates-General for the First Estate
- Supported the formation of the National Assembly and reform of Church abuses
- First cleric to take the oath under the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
- He became a ‘constitutional bishop’
- Refused to renounce Christianity at the 1794 Festival of Reason
- 1801: forced to resign his bishopric when Napolean made a Concordat with the Pope
14
Q
Jacques-René Hébert
A
- January 1791-March 1794: Author of Le Père Duchesne, a political satire.
- Influential member of the Cordeliers Club and Jacobin Club
- Member of the Commune
15
Q
Lafayette
A
- Helped draft DOROMAC
- Elected commander of the new National Guard of Paris
- Saved royal family from the mobs in October 1789
- Resigned from the National Guard in 1791 after losing popularity
16
Q
Marquis de Launay
A
17
Q
Leopold II
A
- Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1790 to 1792
- Younger brother of Marie Antoinette
18
Q
Louis XVI
A
19
Q
Jean-Paul Marat
A
- September 1789 - July 1793: Editor of L’Ami du Peuple where he criticised moderate revolutionary leaders like Lafayette, Mirabeau & Bailly. It was a popular and influential paper among the working people of Paris.
- Supported radical change
- 1792: Became a Montagnard deputy in the National Convention
20
Q
Marie Antoinette
A
21
Q
Honoré-Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau
A
- Favoured constitutional monarchy
- 1790: Became LXVIs personal advisor
- May 1790: President of the National Assembly
- 2 April 1791: Died
22
Q
Jacques Necker
A
- Recalled as Director-General of Finances in August 1788
- Dismissed as Director-General of Finances on the 11th July 1789 which helped spark the Storming of Bastille
23
Q
Vicomte de Noailles
A
24
Q
Phillipe duc D’Orléans
A
- Joined the National Assembly
- Voted for LXVIs death in 1793
25
Q
Jérôme Pétion
A
- A lawyer who was elected as a deputy to the Estates General
- Associated with Robespierre and acquired a reputation as a radical
- 1791: Elected Mayor of Paris
- September 1792: First President of the National Convention
- supported Girondins and was expelled from the Convention in June 1793
- Escaped and committed suicide
26
Q
Pope Pius VI
A
27
Q
Maximillien-François de Robespierre
A
- A lawyer elected to the Estates-General in 1789
- Prominent speaker in the Assembly & Jacobin club and earned a reputation as a radical.
- ’ the Incorruptible’ was his nickname for his honesty and commitment to revolutionary principles
- Opposed the declaration of war in April 1792
28
Q
Madame Roland
A
- Had a Salon that was frequented by Girondin deputies
- November 1793: Executed
29
Q
Abbé Emmanual-Joseph Sieyes
A
- Proposed the setting up the National Assembly in June 1789 but favoured keeping power in the hands of the bourgeoisie when preparing the new constitution.
- Founded Société de 89
30
Q
Charles Talleyrand-Perigord
A
- Joined the National Assembly
- Supported the Civil Constitution and became a diplomat
- Denounced during the Terror and escaped to the USA
