Key concepts part 3 Flashcards
What are contraindications/cautions for Ace inhibitors?
- pregnancy and breastfeeding
- renovascular disease
- aortic stenosis
- hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
what is the management pathway for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
A - amiodarone
B - b/blocker/verapamil
C - cardioversion defib
D - dual chamber pacemaker
what anti-emetic is associated with bowel perforation?
metoclopramide should be avoided in bowel obstruction as it is prokinetic and can cause perforation
what is the investigation of choice for liver cirrhosis?
transient elastography
which contraceptive is associated with a delay in return of fertility?
progesterone only injections
which bacteria is responsible for bacterial vaginosis
gardnerella vaginalis
how does thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura present?
pentad of:
- fever
- neuro signs
- thrombocytopenia
- haemolytic anaemia
- renal failure
what is the first line management of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
ursodeoxycholic acid
which conditions/things cause a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?
addisons, bicarb loss, drugs
what is the investigation of choice for genital herpes
NAAT
what is the cause and management of primary and secondary haemorrhage post tonsillectomy?
Primary = bleed within 6-8hrs post op and need urgent return to theatre
Secondary = 5-6 days post op and most likely caused by infection so need IV antibiotics
when should pneumococcal vaccine be given to a patient undergoing an elective splenectomy?
2 weeks prior
what clotting factor do LMWH and unfractioned heparin activate?
antithrombin III
when would you opt for synchronised DC shock in a narrow complex tachy?
- shock
- syncope
- myocardial ischemia
- heart failure
which contraceptive should be discontinued after the age of 50?
injectable contraceptive
which eye condition is associated with Seborrhoeic dermatitis?
blepharitis
what schobers test reading is indicative of ankylosing spondylitis?
<5cm
what does a positive femoral stretch test indicate
lumbar spine problem
why is lumbar puncture contraindicated in meningococcal septicaemia?
two reasons:
- shock is a contraindication
- purpuric rash is associated with DIC and thus coagulopathy and thus is a contraindication
what is the most common side effect of magnesium supplements?
diarrhoea
when should lithium and digoxin levels be measured?
Digoxin = 6hrs post dose
Lithium = 12hrs post dose
what is the most serious electrolyte abnormality that can complicate AKI
hyperkalaemia
which drug can cause methoglobulinaemia?
recreational nitrates (poppers)
which conditions cause a lower HbA1c than actuality? a
those that shorten red blood cell cell life such as hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell anaemia, G6PD deficiency
Which conditions cause a higher HbA1c than actuality
those that lengthen red blood cell life such as splenectomy, iron deficiency anaemia, pernicious anaemia ,
which imaging is used for MS?
contrast MRI
what is the management of pericarditis?
NSAIDs + colchicine
what syringe driver drug can be used for bowel colic
hyoscine hydrobromide
which autoantibodies may be present in primary sclerosing cholangitis?
p-ANCA, ANA, anti-smooth muscle antibodies
which antidepressants are first line in breastfeeding women?
paroxetine, sertraline
which gastroenteritis can cause rose spots on the abdomen?
salmonella typhi
which diabetes drug is associated with fournier’s gangrene
SGLT2
what is the management of gastric MALT lymphomas?
eradicate H pylori
what is a key potential side effect of ovulation induction
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
