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Top 100 concepts > Key concepts part 3 > Flashcards

Key concepts part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are contraindications/cautions for Ace inhibitors?

A
  • pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • renovascular disease
  • aortic stenosis
  • hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
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2
Q

what is the management pathway for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

A

A - amiodarone
B - b/blocker/verapamil
C - cardioversion defib
D - dual chamber pacemaker

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3
Q

what anti-emetic is associated with bowel perforation?

A

metoclopramide should be avoided in bowel obstruction as it is prokinetic and can cause perforation

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4
Q

what is the investigation of choice for liver cirrhosis?

A

transient elastography

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5
Q

which contraceptive is associated with a delay in return of fertility?

A

progesterone only injections

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6
Q

which bacteria is responsible for bacterial vaginosis

A

gardnerella vaginalis

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7
Q

how does thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura present?

A

pentad of:

  1. fever
  2. neuro signs
  3. thrombocytopenia
  4. haemolytic anaemia
  5. renal failure
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8
Q

what is the first line management of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

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9
Q

which conditions/things cause a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?

A

addisons, bicarb loss, drugs

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10
Q

what is the investigation of choice for genital herpes

A

NAAT

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11
Q

what is the cause and management of primary and secondary haemorrhage post tonsillectomy?

A

Primary = bleed within 6-8hrs post op and need urgent return to theatre

Secondary = 5-6 days post op and most likely caused by infection so need IV antibiotics

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12
Q

when should pneumococcal vaccine be given to a patient undergoing an elective splenectomy?

A

2 weeks prior

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13
Q

what clotting factor do LMWH and unfractioned heparin activate?

A

antithrombin III

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14
Q

when would you opt for synchronised DC shock in a narrow complex tachy?

A
  • shock
  • syncope
  • myocardial ischemia
  • heart failure
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15
Q

which contraceptive should be discontinued after the age of 50?

A

injectable contraceptive

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16
Q

which eye condition is associated with Seborrhoeic dermatitis?

A

blepharitis

17
Q

what schobers test reading is indicative of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

<5cm

18
Q

what does a positive femoral stretch test indicate

A

lumbar spine problem

19
Q

why is lumbar puncture contraindicated in meningococcal septicaemia?

A

two reasons:

  • shock is a contraindication
  • purpuric rash is associated with DIC and thus coagulopathy and thus is a contraindication
20
Q

what is the most common side effect of magnesium supplements?

A

diarrhoea

21
Q

when should lithium and digoxin levels be measured?

A

Digoxin = 6hrs post dose

Lithium = 12hrs post dose

22
Q

what is the most serious electrolyte abnormality that can complicate AKI

A

hyperkalaemia

23
Q

which drug can cause methoglobulinaemia?

A

recreational nitrates (poppers)

24
Q

which conditions cause a lower HbA1c than actuality? a

A

those that shorten red blood cell cell life such as hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell anaemia, G6PD deficiency

25
Q

Which conditions cause a higher HbA1c than actuality

A

those that lengthen red blood cell life such as splenectomy, iron deficiency anaemia, pernicious anaemia ,

26
Q

which imaging is used for MS?

A

contrast MRI

27
Q

what is the management of pericarditis?

A

NSAIDs + colchicine

28
Q

what syringe driver drug can be used for bowel colic

A

hyoscine hydrobromide

29
Q

which autoantibodies may be present in primary sclerosing cholangitis?

A

p-ANCA, ANA, anti-smooth muscle antibodies

30
Q

which antidepressants are first line in breastfeeding women?

A

paroxetine, sertraline

31
Q

which gastroenteritis can cause rose spots on the abdomen?

A

salmonella typhi

32
Q

which diabetes drug is associated with fournier’s gangrene

A

SGLT2

33
Q

what is the management of gastric MALT lymphomas?

A

eradicate H pylori

34
Q

what is a key potential side effect of ovulation induction

A

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Top 100 concepts (7 decks)

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