Key concepts part 2

Question 1

which organism should be suspected in contact lens associated keratitis?

Answer 1

pseudomonas

Question 2

what are the differences between glaucoma and uveitis

Answer 2

glaucoma: sever pain, haloes, semi dilated pupil
uveitis: small fixed oval pupil, ciliary flush

Question 3

jaundice, loss of appetite and growth disturbance in first few weeks of life

Answer 3

biliary atresia

Question 4

Low SP02 in first 10 mins of life

Answer 4

can be expected from healthy neonate

Question 5

what is the most common complication of measles?

Answer 5

otitis media

Question 6

what is the diagnostic investigation for necrotising enterocolitis

Answer 6

abdo xray

Question 7

management of nocturnal enuresis in child under 5

Answer 7

reassurance and advice

Question 8

triad of shaken baby syndrome

Answer 8

retinal haemorrhages, subdural haematoma and encephalopathy

Question 9

what may precipitate lithium toxicity?

Answer 9

dehydration, renal failure, NDAIDs, ACEi/ARBs, metronidazole

Question 10

what antibiotics cause prolonged QT

Answer 10

macrolides (erythromycin)

Question 11

which antipsychotic reduces seizure threshold

Answer 11

clozapine

Question 12

what is type 1 and type 2 bipolar

Answer 12

type 1 bipolar = mania

type 2 bipolar = hypomania

Question 13

which drug can precipitate hyperparathyroidism and therfore hypercalcaemia

Answer 13

long term lithium

Question 14

what are side effects of SSRI discontinuation syndrome

Answer 14

dizziness, electric shock sensations and anxiety

Question 15

what is the first line management of small bowel obstruction

Answer 15

IV fluids + drip and suck

Question 16

what are the most common cause of small bowel obstruction

Answer 16

adhesions

Question 17

imaging of choice in suspected renal colic

Answer 17

non contrast CT KUB

Question 18

which contraceptive is associated with weight gain

Answer 18

depot provera

Question 19

contraceptive rules post partum

Answer 19

COC + breastfeeding = 6+ weeks post partum

COC + not breastfeeding = after 21 days

POP any time post partum

IUD/IUS = within 48hrs or after 4 weeks

Question 20

CIN management

Answer 20

LETz

Question 21

management of stage 1A cervical cancer

Answer 21

cone biopsy with negative margins if they wish to preserve their fertility

Question 22

which cancers is the COC protective for

Answer 22

endometrial and ovarian

Question 23

how does a ruptured ovarian cyst present

Answer 23

sudden onset unilateral pelvic pain precipitated by intercourse or strenuous activity

Question 24

first line investigation in post menopausal bleeding

Answer 24

trans vaginal USS

Question 25

how long after termination of termination of pregnancy can a urine pregnancy test remain positive for?

Answer 25

4 weeks

Question 26

what is the first line management of non-pregnant women with vaginal thrush

Answer 26

oral fluconazole

Question 27

what reading are needed to diagnose gestational diabetes

Answer 27

fasting glucose >5.6 or 2-hour glucose >7.8

Question 28

Intra-partum antibiotics for group B strep should be given to which women?

Answer 28

• those in pre-term labour
• those with pyrexia (>38) during labour
• those with a previous baby with GBS

Question 29

what should NOACs be converted to in pregnant women

Answer 29

LMWH