Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History- India > Key Component 3 1930-42 > Flashcards

Key Component 3 1930-42 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards
1
Q

When was the first Round Table Confrence

A

12 November 1930

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why was Congress not at RTC1

A

Boycott, as Britain did not give dominion status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was agreed in RTC1 (2)

A
  • British India and the princely states should be federally linked as one nation
  • Central and provincial executive power should be accountable to legislatures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When was the Gandhi- Irwin pact

A

5 March 1931

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did the Gandhi Irwin Pat agree to? (5)

A
  • Civil-disobedience movement would be halted
  • Congress would participate in RTC2
  • Britain would release political prisoners
  • Cancellation of fines
  • unbanning organisations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Congress reaction to Gandhi-Irwin pact

A
  • Congress ratified the agreement
  • Criticism that the mass movement had been abandoned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

British reaction to Gandhi Irwin pact (2)

A
  • Conservatives disapproved, saw it as government rewarding Gandhi for creating disorder
  • Churchill resigned from being front bench MP in 1931 to campaign against Congress around Britain, formed the India Defence League
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When was the Second Round Table confrence

A

7 September 1931

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who represented congress in RTC2

A

Gandhi the sole representative of Congress and MANDATED to make no concessions from the demand of purna swaraj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How was representation a major source of contention

A

-Gandhi claimed to speak for all of India; angered Muslims and untouchables (Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did RTC 2 end?

A

Without agreement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When was the Communal award unilaterally announced

A

16 August 1932

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the Communal award

A

Set out rights to separate representation for recognised minorities and scheduled castes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How did Gandhi react to communal award

A

Announced a fast to the death, as he believed that Congress was the best protector of untouchables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the Yeravda (Poona) pact

A

Congress reached an agreement with Ambedkar-

scheduled castes got more reserved seats in future elections but relinquished separate electorates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When was RTC 3 and why did it fail

A

September 1932, no representatives from the Labour party or Congress and didn’t reach any definite conclusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why was there Civil Disobedience after RTC2

A
  • Viceroy Willingdon arrested Gandhi within a week of his return to India.
  • Congress declares that the Gandhi-Irwin Pact had been broken and that it would resume civil disobedience
18
Q

What did Britain do in reaction to Congress’ declaration of civil disobedience (4)

A

Within 24 hours, granted itself emergency powers.

  • Congress was outlawed
  • All of Congress’ Working Committee and the Provincial Committees were imprisoned
  • Within 4 months, 80,000 Indians were in prison
19
Q

What did Gandhi do when he got out of prison

A
  • Released on health grounds

- Advised Congress to end civil disobedience and requested the government to release prisoners. Both refused

20
Q

What did Congress do in reaction to being arrested?

A

Announced that individuals should feel free to take responsibility for their own civil disobedience

21
Q

How was civil disobedience eventually crushed?

A

Mass arrests and repression

22
Q

What did Britain publish in 1933

A

The white paper- a firm set of proposals for legislation for the Indian constitution
(Later became gov. of India Act 1935)

23
Q

What were the 3 main principles of the White paper

A
  • Eventual federation at the national level
  • Provincial autonomy
  • Special responsibilities/ safeguards in the executive power
24
Q

What did the Gov of India Act not have

A

Didn’t set a date for dominion status

25
Q

When would the GOIA come into effect

A

1937

26
Q

What were some of the main provisions of the Act

A
  • Expand the electorate to 35 million people (still >10%)
  • Abolish dyarchy
  • Establish full provincial governments (each with a legislature and executive)
  • Retain vice regal responsibility for defence and foreign affairs
  • Reserve emergency powers for central government, including overturning provincial legislation during ‘disorder’
27
Q

Nationalist response to GOIA 1935 (3)

A
  • Prolonged wait disappointed many
  • Legislation out of date by the time it was granted
  • Congress divided between opposing the Act and trying to gain whatever power offered
28
Q

What did the British want out of the GOIA

A
  • Eventual federation of British India and the princely states
  • Ensure that a future self-governing Dominion had a constitution, which would:
  • Strengthen conservative and loyal elements
  • Limit the control of Congress/ weaken it
29
Q

Why did Britain want to bring the princely states into government

A

They were conservative princes and tended to support Britain

30
Q

How did Britain try to persuade princes to join the federation (2)

A
  • Princes permitted to select their own representatives without elections
  • Although princely states had 20% of the population, they had 33% of the representatives in the lower federal assembly AND 40% in the higher council of state
31
Q

Princes reaction to proposal of joining the federation

A

REFUSED

  • Feared it would pressure them to move form autocratic structures towards democratic processes
  • Feared they would have to relinquish personal armies into national armed forces
32
Q

What provinces did Congress win in the 1937 elections?

A

-Congress took power in Bihar, Bombay, Madras, the United Provinces and the Central provinces

33
Q

How many representatives were Muslim (2)

A
  • 26/1500

- less than 2%

34
Q

How many seats were reserved for Muslims and how many did the Muslim League win?

A

482 reserved muslim seats, AIML won 109

35
Q

How many seats did Muslims hold compared with their population size

A

Won 15% seats, despite being 22% of the population

36
Q

Long term impacts of the United Provinces stand-off

A

-Congress shutting out the AIML further pushed them away from working with Congress, would the turn to the British for stronger political protection

37
Q

What happened in the United Provinces stand-off

A

Congress secured control of the United province, but it came under pressure to appoint non-Congress Muslims for 2 ministerial positions in the provincial government.

Nehru refused and blocked any concessions

38
Q

How did Congress react to results of the 1937 election

A
  • Felt so powerful; refused to co-operate with the viceroy unless he promised not to overrule decisions by provincial governments
  • Treated the Muslim League with disdain, refused to form coalition provincial governments
39
Q

What did Jinnah do after the 1937 defeats

A
  • Persuaded smaller Muslim organisations to join the AIML
  • Jinnah began to campaign openly on a separate Muslim basis rather than part of the nationalist movements
  • Shifted objective from protected Muslim representation to the objective of independent Muslim controlled provinces
40
Q

What di Congress do to co-ordinate its approach across the country

A

-Created the Congress Parliamentary Board (CPB)- Party committee to determine national policy

41
Q

Progress of the GOIA

A
  • Ministries increased spending on education and public health
  • Regulated landlords and moneylenders
  • Ministries worked effectively, distributing and allocating work without intervention or obstruction of British governors

History- India (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions