Key Associations part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Mitochondrial inheritance

A

Disease occurs in both males and females, inherited through females only

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2
Q

Intellectual disability

A

Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome

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3
Q

Vitamin deficiency (USA)

A

Folate (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only

3- to 4-month supply; prevents neural tube defects)

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4
Q

Lysosomal storage disease

A

Gaucher disease

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5
Q

Bacterial meningitis (> 6 months old)

A

S pneumoniae

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6
Q

Bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids)

A

Group B streptococcus/E coli/Listeria monocytogenes (newborns)

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7
Q

HLA-DR3

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1, SLE, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis (also associated with HLA-DR5), Addison disease

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8
Q

HLA-DR4

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, Addison disease

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9
Q

Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric malignancies (eg, adenocarcinoma, MALToma)

A

H pylori

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10
Q

Opportunistic respiratory infection in AIDS

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

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11
Q

Helminth infection (US)

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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12
Q

Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

A

HSV-1

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13
Q

Infection 2° to blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis C

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14
Q

Food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

A

S aureus, B cereus

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15
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

S aureus (most common overall)

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16
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

17
Q

Osteomyelitis with IV drug use

A

S aureus, Pseudomonas, Candida

18
Q

UTI

A

E coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus (young women in these streets)

19
Q

Sexually transmitted disease

A

C trachomatis (usually coinfected with N gonorrhoeae)

20
Q

Nosocomial pneumonia

A

S aureus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter

21
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

C trachomatis, N gonorrhoeae

22
Q

Metastases to bone

A

Prostate, breast > kidney, thyroid, lung

23
Q

Metastases to brain

A

Lung > breast > melanoma, colon, kidney

24
Q

Metastases to liver

A

Colon&raquo_space; stomach > pancreas