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PID > Key aspects of Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Key aspects of Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Microbes: smallest to largest

A 
Prions
Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Multicellular parasites
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2
Q

Microorganism

A

An organism that is so small that it is microscopic (invisible to the naked eye)

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3
Q

Types of organism

A

Pathogenic and non-pathogenic

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4
Q

Pathogenic microorganisms

A

Pathogens

Microorganism that can cause disease upon colonization of host

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5
Q

Obligate pathogen

A

Microorganism which must infect host and cause disease in order to multiply and be transmitted from one host to another (myobacterium tuberculosis)

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6
Q

Facultative pathogen

A

Microorganism which can infect and multiply in hosts but is also capable of multiplying in environment (e. coli)

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7
Q

Opportunistic pathogen

A

Microorganism which does not ordinarily cause disease but which, under certain conditions (impaired immunity) becomes pathogenic (HIV)

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8
Q

Infectious disease triangle

A

Susceptible host
Pathogen
Environment

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9
Q

Susceptible host (disease triangle)

A

Breed, age, sex, genotype
Physiology and susceptibility
Immune response

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10
Q

Pathogen (disease triangle)

A

Pathogenicity
Dispersal efficiency
Survival efficiency
Innoculation dose

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11
Q

Environment (disease triangle)

A 
Abiotic and biotic factors
Housing management
Population density
Sanitation
Nutrition
Prevention
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12
Q

Disease

A

disorder of structure or function in the host that adversely impacts the host and is not simply result of physical injury

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13
Q

Infectious diseases

A

Diseases cause by pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, prions) some are communicable

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14
Q

Communicable

A

They can be spread directly or indirectly from one animal to another

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15
Q

Etiology

A

study of the cause of disease

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16
Q

Infection

A

the invasion and multiplication of pathogens in an individual or population

Non-diseased state - risk and exposure factors - susceptibility to the disease - biological evidence of infection - clinical illness - progression of disease - recovery or death

17
Q

Koch’s postulate

A

Healthy -> RBCs -> causitive agent absent
Diseased -> RBC (with agent) -> causitive agent present -> injected into healthy -> diseased
Causative agent present

18
Q

Five periods of infectious disease

A 
Incubation
Prodromal
Illness
Decline
Convalescence
19
Q

Exposure Outcomes

A 
No infection
Carrier
Sub-clinical infection 
- immunity
-carrier
-non-immunity
Clinical infection
-immunity
-carrier
-non-immunity
-death
20
Q

Why does animal health matter

A

Animal health is an engin of growth for vulnerable communities
Feeding a growing population relies on healthy animals
Human lives and livelyhoods dependant on healthy animals
Controlling animal disease protects our health

PID (14 decks)

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