Kevin Young Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is social control?
Refers to the ways that persons and groups are encouraged, manipulated, or coerced into behaving in a socially desirable manner.
What are internal controls?
Reside mostly within individuals, come in the forms of personality, empathy, restraint, or personal commitment to some standard of behaviour.
What are external controls?
Found outside of the individual and reflect the norms and expectations of the wider culture and society.
What are formal social controls?
Refers to systems of rules and regulations, such as those found in institutions such as prisons, schools, or workplaces.
What are informal controls?
Emerge from more interpersonal settings and face-to-face interactions.
What are some anti-hooligan techniques suggested for disorderly soccer fans?
Introduction of designated safety officers, trained stewards and spotters, publishing wanted photos of hooligans, CCTV, handheld devices for quicker information exchange.
What are some formal legistlative measures that have been put in place to stop hooliganism?
Prohibiting entering a stadium when drunk/with a drink, or possessing alcohol on buses or trains while travelling. Thowing objects towards pitch or spectators, entering the pitch without lawful reason, indecent or racist chanting and ticket touting.
What suggestions were made at the Sir Norman Chester Centre for Football research to tackle hooliganism both domestically and abroad?
More efficient and careful ticket distribution, comprehensive travel schedules for stewards to supervise groups of fans, fan membership schemes, segregation of fans, establishment of stronger community links with soccer fans.
What are individual penalties for SRV usually aimed at?
Often linked to broader social controls: ex: student sanctioned for sexual assault, university installs a program of educational prevention.
What is governmentality?
Refers to the varying and complex styles of governance in different communities.
What is surveillance?
Punishment is no longer confined to the formal criminal system, but operates at an informal level where persons have a heightened self awareness or even paranoia about being watched or caught.
What is civilising?
Involves a process whereby greater restraint is exercised by the individual over habitual and impulsive acts such as violence.The ways in which individuals become increasingly tied to and dependant on one another.
