Ketone Body Formation and Utilization Flashcards
Where are ketone bodies formed?
only in the liver, specifically in mitochondria
What are the three ketone bodies?
acetoacetate
B-hydroxybutyrate
acetone
What tissues are capable of utilizing ketone bodies?
Peripheral tissues - Muscles
How much CHO is necessary to keep the body out of ketosis?
Takes 5 gm of CHO/100 calories
or
80-100gm CHO/day
why is CHO necessary to keep the body out of ketosis?
Because Pyruvate is needed to form with oxalaccetate to do normal krebs cycle
why is ketosis dangerous?
Because it can disturb acid-base balanceAs it burns fat, it is also destroying muscles, but taking the amino acid storage to convert to glucose for brain.
what is the starting input for ketone body formation?
2 Acetyl CoA + H20
what is the end product of ketone degradation?
2 Acetyl CoA
What happens to acetone?
spontaneously decarboxylase to form acetone, and acetone(acid) and Co2(base) is now in our blood, then goes into lungs and is expelled as we bring out
under what circumstances would ketones be formed in high amounts?
inadequate CHO intake, starvation, or uncontrolled diabetes
What is another name for acetoacetate
acetoacetic acid
What is another name for B-hydroxybutyrate
B-hydroxybutyric acid
Can fat be converted to glucose?
Yes, 6%
Can fatty acids be converted to glucose?
NO
What are capable of ketone body degradation and use?
cardiac and skeletal muscle, adrenal cortex, and brain
