Fatty Acid Synthesis Flashcards
Where does fatty acid synthesis take place?
cytoplasm
Which fats can we not make? Why?
a-linolenic and linoleic acid
From where do we get the glycerol to attach to fatty acids to make triacylglycerol?
from glycolysis
List the precursors required for fatyy acid synthesis?
two sulfydryl groups must be loaded with malonyl and acetyl groups
What is the rate-limiting step in FA synthesis?
The rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is the step from acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA. Acetyl CoA carboxylase is the enzyme involved in that step.
What are the effects of Citrate in FA Synthesis?
when citrate concentrations are too high in krebs cycle it escapes carrying acetyl coA for FA synthesis
What are the effects of Malonyl CoA in FA Synthesis?
first intermediate in FAS and its increase concentration promotes FA Synthesis
What are the effects of Glucagon in FA Synthesis?
glucagon, the catabolic hormone inhibits FA synthesis
Nearly all the acetyl CoA formed in metabolism occurs in the
mitochondria
Acetyl CoA isn’t able to pass through the mitochondria membrane so in order to get across it must be in the form of
citrate
what process created NADPH for fatty acid synthesis
Hexose monophosphate shunt
why do we have to eat a-linolenic acid and linoleic acid
because human cells cannot introduce additional double bonds beyond delta 9 (linoleic is delta 9,12… linolenic acid is delta 9,15)
high sugar diets increase insulin which increases fatty acid synthesis
causing more fat
