JVD 2014, Issue 4 (JW) Flashcards by Mercedes De Paolo

Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part I: Historical Review

I honestly could not think of any testable questions from this article

n/a

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What are the two most common odontogenic tumors in dogs?

Canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What does “acanthomatous” refer to?

Refers to prickle cells that resemble those of the epidermal stratum spinosum

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What is focal fibrous hyperplasia

It is an over-exuberant repair of fibrous connective tissue secondary to chronic gingival trauma or irritation

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What are the distinctive features of POFs?

Finely fibrillar, vascular stroma, with stellate fibroblasts resembling the periodontal ligament

Do not arise within and very rarely involve the periodontal ligament space

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What is pyogenic granuloma?

Reactive lesion of the gingiva or mucosa characterized by exuberant connective tissue proliferation in response to injury

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What is the histology like for feline inductive odontogenic tumors?

Spherical condensations of fibroblasts, resembling dental papilla, within the connective tissue stroma

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Nomenclature and Classification of Odontogenic Tumors — Part II: Clarification of Specific Nomenclature

What is one of the few types of malignant odontogenic tumors described in dogs?

Ameloblastic carcinomas

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

What comprises the orbital floor?

Medial pterygoid muscle
Zygomatic salivary gland
Soft palate

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

What are characteristics of penetrating ocular injuries from the oral cavity?

Perforation at the 6 o’clock meridian at or posterior to the equator of the globe
Suppurative inflammation
Episcleral fibrosis on the ventral aspect of the globe
Inflammation of the orbital tissues
+/- Lens capsule rupture
Presence of bacteria

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

How many cases discussed in this article had a history of tooth extraction(s)?

8 of 10 cases presented

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

How long after dental procedure did dogs and cats present to veterinary ophthalmologist?

Between 3 days and 6 weeks (mean = 17.4 days, median 10-days)

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

What treatment was performed by the ophthalmologist on call cases?

All underwent enucleation

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

What appears to be a risk factor for traumatic injury to the globe?

Small size dog breeds (because of large, “misplaced” teeth in relatively thin bone)

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Ocular Trauma Originating from within the Oral Cavity: Clinical Relevance and Histologic Findings in 10 Cases (2003–2013)

What are immediate treatments for globe penetration?

Broad-spectrum abx, anti-inflammatory, E-collar, +/- tarsorrhaphy
(poor prognosis)

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Modified Conservative Treatment of an Extensive Dentigerous Cyst in a Dog

What is the difference between impacted and embedded teeth?

Impacted = physical barrier that hinders eruption
Embedded = lack eruptive forces

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Modified Conservative Treatment of an Extensive Dentigerous Cyst in a Dog

Which teeth are most often associated with dentigerous cysts?

Mandibular first premolar teeth

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Modified Conservative Treatment of an Extensive Dentigerous Cyst in a Dog

Which breeds are statistically over-represented for dentigerous cysts?

Brachycephalics

Papillions

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Modified Conservative Treatment of an Extensive Dentigerous Cyst in a Dog

What causes a dentigerous cyst to form?

Originate from a proliferation of the remaining enamel organ or reduced enamel epithelium that surrounds the crown during odontogenesis

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Modified Conservative Treatment of an Extensive Dentigerous Cyst in a Dog

What causes dentigerous cyst expansion to occur?

Passive fluid accumulation
Epithelial cell proliferation
Release of osteoclastic mediators to aid in bone resorption

Modified Conservative Treatment of an Extensive Dentigerous Cyst in a Dog

What are the cysts like histologically?

Lined by non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium that is 4-6 cell layers thick

Treatment and Stabilization of Beak Symphyseal Separation Using Interfragmentary Wiring and Provisional Bis-Acryl Composite

What determines if a beak injury will heal or not?

Intact vascular supply to the beak

Keratinized covering

Treatment and Stabilization of Beak Symphyseal Separation Using Interfragmentary Wiring and Provisional Bis-Acryl Composite

What is the name of the keratinized covering of the maxilla and mandible of a bird?

Rhamphotheca

Treatment and Stabilization of Beak Symphyseal Separation Using Interfragmentary Wiring and Provisional Bis-Acryl Composite

What is the name of the maxillary keratinized covering in a bird? Mandibular?

Maxillary = Rhinothecia
Mandibular = Gnathotheca

Treatment and Stabilization of Beak Symphyseal Separation Using Interfragmentary Wiring and Provisional Bis-Acryl Composite What is the name of the bony symphysis in birds?

The dentary

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What % of dogs and cats present for veterinary care have fractured teeth?

27% of dogs | 10% of cats

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What does polishing material need to NOT include in order to allow chemical curing of composite to occur (2 things)?

Glycerin | Fluoride

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What is the most important rule of restorative dentistry?

Preservation of natural tooth structure

Use of Composite Restoration Materials For which classes of restorations should you bevel the cavosurface margins?

``` Should in class III-VI (better retention) Should not for I or II (because enlarges the surface area of the restoration) ```

Use of Composite Restoration Materials How does acid etch improve bond strength?

1. Dentin is demineralized, exposing connective tissue for bonding 2. Collagen fibers within dentinal tubules are opened, exposing more micropores for infiltration by the resin 3. Removes "smear layer"

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What is the most commonly used acid etchant?

Phosphoric acid (10-38% gel or solution on dentin; 35-38% gel on enamel)

Use of Composite Restoration Materials For how long should acid etch be applied?

20 seconds on enamel | 10-15 seconds on dentin

Use of Composite Restoration Materials Why is prolonged drying after acid etching bad?

Decreases bonding strength because it flattens out collagen fibers, which decreases the surface area for bonding.

Use of Composite Restoration Materials How long does bonding agent last?

3-12 months

Use of Composite Restoration Materials How deep do bonding agents penetrate?

200-400 microns into dentin

Use of Composite Restoration Materials How did first and second generation bonding agents work?

Dentin was not etched, and so bonding strength was based on bonding to the smear layer

Use of Composite Restoration Materials How did third generation bonding agents work?

Separate primer and adhesive; used acid etchant; only partial removal of smear layer

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What are fourth generation bonding agents?

Remove the smear layer completely and create hybrid layer (= forms from polymerized methacrylate and dentin

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What are fifth generation bonding agents like?

One-bottle system that combines primer and adhesive into one solution, to be applied after total etch technique

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What is special about 6th and 7th generation bonding agents?

One-step - no need to acid etch or rinse first | Bonding occurs by incorporating the agent into the existing smear layer

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What are the disadvantages of 6th and 7th generation bonding agents?

Must continually be reapplied to refresh the exposed surface Do not etch enamel well Bond strength is lower than 5th generation

Use of Composite Restoration Materials Do you need retention features with composite resins?

No, because they have a strong bonding strength

Use of Composite Restoration Materials How can composite polymerization take place?

Via either chemical-cure, light-cure, or dual-cure

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What wavelength of light polymerizes/cures composite?

460-480 nm

Use of Composite Restoration Materials Which types of composite have the best durability and strength?

Macrofill and intermediate fill (refers to size of particles)

Use of Composite Restoration Materials What are the advantages of hybrid composite?

Combine micro- and intermediate-sized particles for good strength, durability, and esthetics

step-by-step: Total Mandibulectomy in the Dog What % of oral tumors in the dog are malignant

6% | I don't think this is really true, but I swear the article says this

step-by-step: Total Mandibulectomy in the Dog Which muscle is elevated from the lingual aspect of the mandible, to access the inferior alveolar pedicle?

Genioglossal muscle

step-by-step: Total Mandibulectomy in the Dog Which muscles need to be dissected/transected during total mandibulectomy?

``` Genioglossal Mylohyoid Digastricus Medial pterygoid Masseter Lateral pterygoid Temporal muscle ```