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JVD > JVD 2013, Issue 2 (JW) > Flashcards

JVD 2013, Issue 2 (JW) Flashcards

1
Q

Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses

The oral cavity is the ____ most common location affected by tumors in dogs (answer is a number, like “sixth”)

A

Fourth

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2
Q

Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses

Skull radiographs showed bone involvement in ____ number of cases, whereas skull CT showed bone involvement in ____ number of cases.

A

First blank = 17 out of 21 (80.9%)

Second blank = 20 out of 21 (95.2%)

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3
Q

Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses

Skull radiographs showed invasion of adjacent structures by the tumor in ____ number of cases, whereas skull CT showed invasion of adjacent structures in ____ number of cases.

A

First blank = 6 out of 21 (30%)

Second blank = 19 out of 21 (90.4%)

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4
Q

Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses

Skull radiographs most often missed invasion into which adjacent anatomical structure, which CT was able to reveal?

A

The orbit
“CT findings were positive for orbital involvement in 10 dogs, while [skull radiographs] were negative for this pathologic change.”

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5
Q

Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses

What % in tissue resolution is needed to see bony changes on conventional radiography versus the % on CT?

A

Radiography = 5%

CT = 1% or less

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6
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

Which teeth are most commonly affected by feline resorptive lesions?

A

The mandibular third premolar teeth (307 and 407) - 10.6% were affected

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7
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

What percentage of cats will develop at least one tooth resorption lesion?

A

75%

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8
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

What is a Type 1 tooth resorption lesion (according to AVDC classification)? What about Type 2? Type 3?

A

Type 1 tooth resorption = characterized by focal or multifocal radiolucency of the tooth, with normal radiopacity and periodontal ligament space.
Type 2 = generalized decrease in radiopacity of the root that is consistent with the root being replaced by alveolar bone
Type 3 = combination of Type 1 and Type 2 features

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9
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

True or false - the relationship between age and tooth resorption was statistically significant

A

True - an increased risk of 3.14 times was observed for resorption incidence for group aged 5-9 years and 6.56 times for group 10-15 years

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10
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

True or false - the relationship between environmental status (indoor vs. outdoor) and tooth resorption was statistically significant

A

False

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11
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

True or false - the relationship between gender and tooth resorption was statistically significant

A

False

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12
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

True or false - the relationship between FIV/FeLV status and tooth resorption was statistically significant

A

False

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13
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

True or false - the relationship between gingivitis and/or stomatitis and tooth resorption was statistically significant

A

True

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14
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

Which was the second-most-commonly affected tooth?

A

Mandibular molar teeth (309 and 408) - 9% were affected

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15
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

Which type of tooth resorption (1, 2, or 3) most commonly affected maxillary and mandibular canine teeth?

A

Type 2 (generalized decrease in radiopacity of the root that is consistent with the root being replaced by alveolar bone)

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16
Q

Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study

Which type of tooth resorption (1, 2, or 3) seems to be related to the degree of gingivitis/oral inflammation?

A

Type 1 ( characterized by focal or multifocal radiolucency of the tooth, with normal radiopacity and periodontal ligament space)

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17
Q

Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs

True or false: Supragingival plaque does not influence the formation of subgingival plaque formation

A

False - Supragingival plaque strongly influences the formation of subgingival plaque formation

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18
Q

Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs

What % of pet owners are compliant with daily tooth brushing recommendations in companion animals?

A

2%

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19
Q

Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs

How did the dental chew tested in this study work - what was the “method of action”?

A

The dental chews tested were designed to mechanically “scrape” the crowns of the teeth that come in contact with this product as dogs chew them, helping to reduce plaque and calculus accumulation

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20
Q

Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs

Which dental chew was tested in this study?

A

Greenies

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21
Q

Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs

Which were significantly reduced in the group of dogs who received the dental chew versus the control dogs that did not: gingivitis, halitosis, plaque, calculus?

A

All were significantly reduced: gingivitis, halitosis, plaque, and calculus

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22
Q

Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat

Which tooth was extracted and why?

A

Left maxillary canine tooth (204), extracted due to resorption and pulp exposure

23
Q

Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat

What were the clinical signs that first indicated there might be a problem after the extraction?

A

2 days post-op, the cat was examined by the Ophtho service for acute onset epiphora and mucoid discharge OS

24
Q

Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat

How was the nasolacrimal duct obstruction treated?

A 
Saline irrigation of the duct
Systemic NSAID (meloxicam)
25
Q

Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat

Where is the nasolacrimal duct located in the cat, in relation to its teeth?

A

In cats, the nasolacrimal duct is always located dorsal or dorso-medial to the maxillary canine tooth root, separated only by thin alveolar bone

26
Q

Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat

What damage occurred to the nasolacrimal duct in this case?

A

Extraction caused acute edema and extraluminal obstruction of the duct; also, the wall of the duct ruptured (as proven by contrast medium injected into the duct)

27
Q

Dental Anatomy, Radiography, and Extraction of Mandibular Premolar Teeth in Yucatan Minipigs

How many teeth do pigs have?

A

44

Pigs have complete dentition

28
Q

Dental Anatomy, Radiography, and Extraction of Mandibular Premolar Teeth in Yucatan Minipigs

Which teeth were most commonly dilacerated?

A

The mandibular second and third premolar teeth

29
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

  1. What is an impression?
  2. What is a replica?
A
  1. A negative reproduction or mold

2. A positive reproduction

30
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is the difference between a “study model” and a “cast”?

A

A study model is a reproduction used to evaluate disease and plan treatment (i.e., orthodontics); a cast is used as a working model to manufacture orthodontic appliances or fabricate crowns

31
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is a die?

A

A die is an especially accurate replica of a single tooth, often used in the manufacture of prosthetic crowns

32
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which impression materials are INELASTIC and which are ELASTIC?

A

INELASTIC = impression compound, impression plaster, zinc oxide-eugenol

ELASTIC = agar hydrocolloid, alginate hydrocolloid, polysulfide, condensation silicone, polyether, addition silicone (polyvinyl siloxane)

33
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which of the following elastic impression materials are further classified as elastomeric: agar hydrocolloid, alginate hydrocolloid, polysulfide, condensation silicone, polyether, addition silicone (polyvinyl siloxane)?

A

Polysulfide
Condensation silicone
Polyether
Addition silicone (polyvinyl siloxane)

34
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What does elastic versus inelastic refer to?

A

Whether the material is rigid (inelastic) or flexible (elastic) when removed from the mouth

35
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which impression material is most “accurate,” and which is least?

A

Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS) is most accurate and reversible hydrocolloids are the least

36
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What does “elastic recovery” mean?

A

Ability to return to the correct shape once removed from the mouth - no impression material is 100% efficient

37
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What does “dimensional stability” mean?

A

Dimensional stability describes the ability of an impression material to maintain accurate dimension over time.

38
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which impression material has the best dimensional stability, and why?

A

Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS) has ideal dimensional stability because there are no by-products in the chemical setting reaction

39
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which impression material has the worst dimensional stability, and why?

A

Alignates are the worst because they are subject to syneresis (evaporation of water) and imbibition (absorption of water) - need to be poured soon after removal from the mouth!

40
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is thixotrophy?

A

A thixotropic material will be viscous under normal conditions but become less viscous, allowing better flow, when stressed or agitated

41
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which impression material is the most flexible?

A

Alginate - easiest to remove from the mouth when set

42
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

Which impression material is the least flexible?

A

Polyether materials are relatively rigid

43
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is wettability?

A

The wettability of a substance is a measure of the affinity of a liquid for a solid, and the liquid’s ability to maintain contact with the solid surface – a low contact angle between water droplet and surface means high wettability

44
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What issue can occur if an impression material has low wettability?

A

Poor wettability may lead to voids or bubble formation in the cast

45
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is impression compound ( = one of the inelastic impression materials)?

A

Impression compound is a rigid plastic that can be placed in cavity preparations; removal of it may demonstrate deformation or tears and can therefore be used to check cavity preparations for undesirable undercuts

46
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is impression plaster ( = one of the inelastic impression materials)?

A

Impression plaster may be used for mounting study models and casts onto an articulator; can be used to take impressions in edentulous areas

47
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is zinc oxide-eugenol ( = one of the inelastic impression materials)?

A

Historically used for making dentures, but no longer used

48
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What are the two categories of elastic impression materials?

A

Hydrocolloids and elastomeric materials

49
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What are the two classifications of hydrocolloids?

A

Reversible (agar) and irreversible (alginate)

50
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is the catalyst and base that mix to form polysulfides?

A 
Catalyst = most commonly lead dioxide 
Base = organic polymer with reactive mercaptan (-SH) groups
51
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is the catalyst in Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS)

A

Platinum

52
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

What is important to keep in mind when touching/handling Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS)?

A

Cannot wear gloves because a sulphur compound in latex gloves may interfere with the platinum catalyst and subsequent polymerization

53
Q

Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)

For light body “wash” Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS), which thickness will provide the most accurate reproduction of detail?

A

When fabricating stone dies, a wash thickness of 2 mm or less will provide the most accurate reproduction of detail – low viscosity PVS shrinks more than high viscosity PVS, so better to use less low viscosity

54
Q

Step-by-step: Bilateral Rostral Maxillectomy in the Dog

What is the major intraoperative complication for maxillectomy procedures, and what is the major postoperative complication?

A 
Intra-op = hemorrhage
Post-op = dehiscence

JVD (9 decks)

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