JVD 2013, Issue 2 (JW) Flashcards
Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses
The oral cavity is the ____ most common location affected by tumors in dogs (answer is a number, like “sixth”)
Fourth
Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses
Skull radiographs showed bone involvement in ____ number of cases, whereas skull CT showed bone involvement in ____ number of cases.
First blank = 17 out of 21 (80.9%)
Second blank = 20 out of 21 (95.2%)
Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses
Skull radiographs showed invasion of adjacent structures by the tumor in ____ number of cases, whereas skull CT showed invasion of adjacent structures in ____ number of cases.
First blank = 6 out of 21 (30%)
Second blank = 19 out of 21 (90.4%)
Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses
Skull radiographs most often missed invasion into which adjacent anatomical structure, which CT was able to reveal?
The orbit
“CT findings were positive for orbital involvement in 10 dogs, while [skull radiographs] were negative for this pathologic change.”
Comparison of Standard Radiography and Computed Tomography in 21 Dogs with Maxillary Masses
What % in tissue resolution is needed to see bony changes on conventional radiography versus the % on CT?
Radiography = 5%
CT = 1% or less
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
Which teeth are most commonly affected by feline resorptive lesions?
The mandibular third premolar teeth (307 and 407) - 10.6% were affected
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
What percentage of cats will develop at least one tooth resorption lesion?
75%
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
What is a Type 1 tooth resorption lesion (according to AVDC classification)? What about Type 2? Type 3?
Type 1 tooth resorption = characterized by focal or multifocal radiolucency of the tooth, with normal radiopacity and periodontal ligament space.
Type 2 = generalized decrease in radiopacity of the root that is consistent with the root being replaced by alveolar bone
Type 3 = combination of Type 1 and Type 2 features
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
True or false - the relationship between age and tooth resorption was statistically significant
True - an increased risk of 3.14 times was observed for resorption incidence for group aged 5-9 years and 6.56 times for group 10-15 years
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
True or false - the relationship between environmental status (indoor vs. outdoor) and tooth resorption was statistically significant
False
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
True or false - the relationship between gender and tooth resorption was statistically significant
False
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
True or false - the relationship between FIV/FeLV status and tooth resorption was statistically significant
False
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
True or false - the relationship between gingivitis and/or stomatitis and tooth resorption was statistically significant
True
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
Which was the second-most-commonly affected tooth?
Mandibular molar teeth (309 and 408) - 9% were affected
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
Which type of tooth resorption (1, 2, or 3) most commonly affected maxillary and mandibular canine teeth?
Type 2 (generalized decrease in radiopacity of the root that is consistent with the root being replaced by alveolar bone)
Risk Assessment of Feline Tooth Resorption: A Portuguese Clinical Case Control Study
Which type of tooth resorption (1, 2, or 3) seems to be related to the degree of gingivitis/oral inflammation?
Type 1 ( characterized by focal or multifocal radiolucency of the tooth, with normal radiopacity and periodontal ligament space)
Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs
True or false: Supragingival plaque does not influence the formation of subgingival plaque formation
False - Supragingival plaque strongly influences the formation of subgingival plaque formation
Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs
What % of pet owners are compliant with daily tooth brushing recommendations in companion animals?
2%
Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs
How did the dental chew tested in this study work - what was the “method of action”?
The dental chews tested were designed to mechanically “scrape” the crowns of the teeth that come in contact with this product as dogs chew them, helping to reduce plaque and calculus accumulation
Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs
Which dental chew was tested in this study?
Greenies
Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs
Which were significantly reduced in the group of dogs who received the dental chew versus the control dogs that did not: gingivitis, halitosis, plaque, calculus?
All were significantly reduced: gingivitis, halitosis, plaque, and calculus
Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat
Which tooth was extracted and why?
Left maxillary canine tooth (204), extracted due to resorption and pulp exposure
Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat
What were the clinical signs that first indicated there might be a problem after the extraction?
2 days post-op, the cat was examined by the Ophtho service for acute onset epiphora and mucoid discharge OS
Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat
How was the nasolacrimal duct obstruction treated?
Saline irrigation of the duct Systemic NSAID (meloxicam)
Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat
Where is the nasolacrimal duct located in the cat, in relation to its teeth?
In cats, the nasolacrimal duct is always located dorsal or dorso-medial to the maxillary canine tooth root, separated only by thin alveolar bone
Iatrogenic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction following Tooth Extraction in a Cat
What damage occurred to the nasolacrimal duct in this case?
Extraction caused acute edema and extraluminal obstruction of the duct; also, the wall of the duct ruptured (as proven by contrast medium injected into the duct)
Dental Anatomy, Radiography, and Extraction of Mandibular Premolar Teeth in Yucatan Minipigs
How many teeth do pigs have?
44
Pigs have complete dentition
Dental Anatomy, Radiography, and Extraction of Mandibular Premolar Teeth in Yucatan Minipigs
Which teeth were most commonly dilacerated?
The mandibular second and third premolar teeth
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
- What is an impression?
- What is a replica?
- A negative reproduction or mold
2. A positive reproduction
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is the difference between a “study model” and a “cast”?
A study model is a reproduction used to evaluate disease and plan treatment (i.e., orthodontics); a cast is used as a working model to manufacture orthodontic appliances or fabricate crowns
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is a die?
A die is an especially accurate replica of a single tooth, often used in the manufacture of prosthetic crowns
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which impression materials are INELASTIC and which are ELASTIC?
INELASTIC = impression compound, impression plaster, zinc oxide-eugenol
ELASTIC = agar hydrocolloid, alginate hydrocolloid, polysulfide, condensation silicone, polyether, addition silicone (polyvinyl siloxane)
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which of the following elastic impression materials are further classified as elastomeric: agar hydrocolloid, alginate hydrocolloid, polysulfide, condensation silicone, polyether, addition silicone (polyvinyl siloxane)?
Polysulfide
Condensation silicone
Polyether
Addition silicone (polyvinyl siloxane)
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What does elastic versus inelastic refer to?
Whether the material is rigid (inelastic) or flexible (elastic) when removed from the mouth
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which impression material is most “accurate,” and which is least?
Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS) is most accurate and reversible hydrocolloids are the least
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What does “elastic recovery” mean?
Ability to return to the correct shape once removed from the mouth - no impression material is 100% efficient
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What does “dimensional stability” mean?
Dimensional stability describes the ability of an impression material to maintain accurate dimension over time.
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which impression material has the best dimensional stability, and why?
Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS) has ideal dimensional stability because there are no by-products in the chemical setting reaction
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which impression material has the worst dimensional stability, and why?
Alignates are the worst because they are subject to syneresis (evaporation of water) and imbibition (absorption of water) - need to be poured soon after removal from the mouth!
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is thixotrophy?
A thixotropic material will be viscous under normal conditions but become less viscous, allowing better flow, when stressed or agitated
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which impression material is the most flexible?
Alginate - easiest to remove from the mouth when set
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
Which impression material is the least flexible?
Polyether materials are relatively rigid
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is wettability?
The wettability of a substance is a measure of the affinity of a liquid for a solid, and the liquid’s ability to maintain contact with the solid surface – a low contact angle between water droplet and surface means high wettability
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What issue can occur if an impression material has low wettability?
Poor wettability may lead to voids or bubble formation in the cast
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is impression compound ( = one of the inelastic impression materials)?
Impression compound is a rigid plastic that can be placed in cavity preparations; removal of it may demonstrate deformation or tears and can therefore be used to check cavity preparations for undesirable undercuts
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is impression plaster ( = one of the inelastic impression materials)?
Impression plaster may be used for mounting study models and casts onto an articulator; can be used to take impressions in edentulous areas
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is zinc oxide-eugenol ( = one of the inelastic impression materials)?
Historically used for making dentures, but no longer used
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What are the two categories of elastic impression materials?
Hydrocolloids and elastomeric materials
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What are the two classifications of hydrocolloids?
Reversible (agar) and irreversible (alginate)
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is the catalyst and base that mix to form polysulfides?
Catalyst = most commonly lead dioxide Base = organic polymer with reactive mercaptan (-SH) groups
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is the catalyst in Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS)
Platinum
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
What is important to keep in mind when touching/handling Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS)?
Cannot wear gloves because a sulphur compound in latex gloves may interfere with the platinum catalyst and subsequent polymerization
Dental Impression Materials (“Foundations” article)
For light body “wash” Polyvinvyl siloxane (PVS), which thickness will provide the most accurate reproduction of detail?
When fabricating stone dies, a wash thickness of 2 mm or less will provide the most accurate reproduction of detail – low viscosity PVS shrinks more than high viscosity PVS, so better to use less low viscosity
Step-by-step: Bilateral Rostral Maxillectomy in the Dog
What is the major intraoperative complication for maxillectomy procedures, and what is the major postoperative complication?
Intra-op = hemorrhage Post-op = dehiscence
