Jura

Question 1

where is Jura located?

Answer 1

east of burgundy and borders with switzerland

Question 2

how was Jura back in the day and what changed?

Answer 2

jura was 10 times its size after 1850 the arrival of mildew, phlloxera, and the railway that transported wines from the southern france to paris reduced the plantings

Question 3

jura climate

Answer 3

moderate continental

Question 4

rainfall in jura

Answer 4

high, over 1100mm per year

Question 5

problems of rainfall in jura

Answer 5

disrupt growing season - especially flowering and fruit set, reducing yields is harder to work inside the vineyards (heavy clay soils) fungal diseses

Question 6

problems other than rain in jura

Answer 6

hail (less now because of climate change) spring frost

Question 7

altitude in jura

Answer 7

250/400mt

Question 8

vineyard main location

Answer 8

jura mountains west facing slopes

Question 9

soils in jura

Answer 9

clay, marl some limestone

Question 10

a problem inside the vineyard and how it is solved

Answer 10

erosion grass between rows and limit herbicide

Question 11

training in jura

Answer 11

replacement cane, high pruning (for spring frost) vsp for air flow and reducing fungal

Question 12

harvesting

Answer 12

machine (reduce cost and time) by hand where the slopes are too steep

Question 13

yields in jura

Answer 13

they are all well under the aoc limit (e.g. 2017 reds at 23hl/ha) mostly because of weather hazards (frost, hail, heavy rain that brought mildew, or excessive heat)

Question 14

most planted grape in jura and why

Answer 14

chardonnay (40% total) much goes into cremant du jura

Question 15

savagnin use

Answer 15

both dry wines and vin jaune

Question 16

savagnin budding

Answer 16

early (spring frost risk)

Question 17

skin of savagnin

Answer 17

thick skinned (resist to fungal diseases)

Question 18

favourite soils of savagnin

Answer 18

marl (especially in steep slopes)

Question 19

poulsard alternative name

Answer 19

ploussard

Question 20

most planted red variety in jura

Answer 20

poulsard

Question 21

poulsard budding/ripening

Answer 21

buds early (spring frost risk) ripens early (harvest before autumn rains)

Question 22

poulsard is prone to

Answer 22

coulure (reduce yields) fungal diseases (thin skinned)

Question 23

poulsard style

Answer 23

light colour, light tannins, high acidiy, medium alcohol, light boy, good to vg in quality, mid to premium prices

Question 24

pinot noir plantings and use

Answer 24

second most planted red grape also used in cremant and dry

Question 25

trousseau is prone to

Answer 25

botrytis bunch rot, poor flowering, coulure they all reduce yields

Question 26

trousseau skin

Answer 26

thick (resistant to fungal diseases)

Question 27

trousseau vigour

Answer 27

high vigour needs plenty of canopy management

Question 28

what trousseau needs to ripen fully?

Answer 28

warm site (e.g. gravel, or lower part of the slope, or higher well exposed top of the slope)

Question 29

trousseau style

Answer 29

pale ruby, low intensity red fruit, low to mid tannins, medium to high acidity, good to vg, mid to premium.

Question 30

conventional white wines winemaking

Answer 30

stainless steel, or old oak vats at mid temperaturs (fruity esters not desidered) mlf is common

Question 31

jura red wine winemaking

Answer 31

short maceration (5-10 days) 30 temperature carbonic/semi-carbonic ageing in old oak cask (new oak is rare) for usually less than one year

Question 32

trousseau and pinot noir vinification is different than other reds?

Answer 32

longer skin maceration to have more structure

Question 33

what is vin jaune?

Answer 33

is an oxidised style of wine made from savagnin grapes only fermented to dryness and then aged under flor

Question 34

how is called the flor-like yeast in jura?

Answer 34

le voile

Question 35

for how long vin jaune needs to age?

Answer 35

6 years total (5 under flor)

Question 36

how producers in jura can create the flor?

Answer 36

1. inoculate wine with selected yeast 2. naturally (needs perfect cellar conditions and well vintilated with seasonal temp changes)

Question 37

main difference between sherry flor and jura flor

Answer 37

wine is not constantly added so the aromas are both biological and oxidative

Question 38

is vin jaune more alcoholic than conventional wine?

Answer 38

yes, alcohol rises 1 degree up to 13.5 to 15% (water transpiration from the barrel)

Question 39

vin jaune aromas

Answer 39

bread dough, almond, ginger, green apple

Question 40

ageing of vin jaune

Answer 40

several decades

Question 41

are all savagnin flor barrels used for vin jaune?

Answer 41

no, some are taken off early (2-3 years of veil) to make wines with less flor aromas or to be blended with chardonnay

Question 42

what is vin de paille?

Answer 42

sweet wine made in limited quantities made by drying the grapes off the vine

Question 43

varieties for vin de paille

Answer 43

all jura varietals

Question 44

% and residual sugar of vin de paille

Answer 44

above 14% 70-120g/L

Question 45

vin de paille ageing

Answer 45

in oak minimum 18 months released after 3 years

Question 46

biggest appellation of jura and what styles

Answer 46

cotes de jura aoc (all jura plus a small southern area of 560ha of the same name) all five styles allowed (red, rose, white, vin jaune, vin de paille) but is mostly white

Question 47

arbois aoc style and location

Answer 47

all styles but mostly reds around the town of arbois

Question 48

chateau chalon style

Answer 48

vin jaune only

Question 49

L'etoile aoc style

Answer 49

whites only (including vin jaune and vin de paille)

Question 50

maximum yield of vin de paille in all aocs

Answer 50

20hl/ha

Question 51

white wine in jura shared rules (including vin jaune and vin de paille)

Answer 51

80% min of savagnin/chardonnay maximum yields of 60hl/ha

Question 52

red wines of jura shared appellation rules

Answer 52

80% pinot noir, poulsard, trousseau max yield 55hl/ha

Question 53

vin jaune shared aoc rules (except chateau chalon)

Answer 53

savignin only 60hl/ha voile 60months minimum (no racking or topping up) sold seven years after harviest in january only 62cl clavelin bottles (EU exception)

Question 54

chateau chalon vin june max yields

Answer 54

30hl/ha

Question 55

who produces jura in %

Answer 55

50% estates 30% negociants 20% co-op (only four that are managing around 50% of the wine sold)

Question 56

three companies that are doing 50% of wine sold

Answer 56

fruitiere vinicole d'arbois (co-op) la maison de vigneron (negoce owned by grands chais de france) henri maire (negoce owned by boissed)

Question 57

jura estates winemaking general style

Answer 57

organic/natural wine (20%)

Question 58

main problem in jura production

Answer 58

vintage variation affects volume highly

Question 59

how much jura wine is exported?

Answer 59

20% boomed in the last 15 years

Question 60

vin jaune annual wine fair is called

Answer 60

the percee du vin jaune raised the profile of the wine highly