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Bloc H - Movement > June1 M3-Anatomy LL 3 > Flashcards

June1 M3-Anatomy LL 3 Flashcards

1
Q

muscles of the anterior thigh

A

-quadriceps femoris
-sartorius (above quadriceps)
-iliopsoas (hidder below and medial to sartorius)
(TFL is not considered anterior thigh)

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2
Q

muscles of the medial thigh

A 
layer 1 med to lat: 
-gracilis
-adductor longus
-pectineus (hidder lat and below adductor longus)
layer 2 med to lat: 
-adductor magnus hamstring portion
-adductor portion
-adductor brevis
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3
Q

iliopsoas O, I, N and F

A
  • O: iliac fossa for iliacus and post abd wall for psoas
  • I: lesser trochanter of the femur
  • N: lumbar plexus
  • F: flexes the hip
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4
Q

iliopsoas function in gait

A

flex the hip in swing leg during foot clearance and tibia vertical phases of swing phase

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5
Q

pes anserinus is what

A

region in anteromedial surface of proximal tibia

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6
Q

sartorius m. O, I, N and F

A
  • O: ASIS
  • I: pes anserinus
  • N: femoral n.
  • F: HIP = lat rotation, ABDuct, flex. KNEE = medial rotation (of tibia) and flex
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7
Q

muscles allowing lateral rotation of the tibia (turning foot outwards. no eversion, inversion. when knee bent 90 degrees)

A

semimembranosus and semitendinosus

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8
Q

muscles allowing medial rotation of the tibia (turning foot inwards. no eversion, inversion. when knee bent 90 degrees)

A

sartorius

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9
Q

4 muscles of quadriceps femoris

A
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
  • rectus femoris
  • rectus intermedius
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10
Q

where 4 muscles of quadriceps femoris insert

A

quadriceps femoris tendon to patella to patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

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11
Q

function of quadriceps femoris

A

knee extension

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12
Q

rectus femoris O, I, N and F

A
  • O: AIIS
  • I: quadriceps femoris tendon to patella to patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
  • N: femoral n.
  • F: extend the knee AND FLEX THE HIP
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13
Q

vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis O, I, N and F

A
  • O: shaft of the femur (linea aspera in the back)
  • I: quadriceps femoris tendon to patella to patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
  • N: femoral n.
  • F: extend the knee
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14
Q

function of quadriceps femoris in the gait cycle

A

flex the hip and extend the knee during tibial vertical phase and foot strike at the end of the swing phase

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15
Q

pectineus m. O, I, N and F

A
  • O: pubis
  • I: upper femur (below lesser trochanter)
  • N: half obturator n. (for the hip ADDuction fct) and half femoral n. for the hip flexion fct)
  • F: ADDuct the femur at the hip + flex the hip
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16
Q

adductor longus O, I, N and F

A
  • O: pubis
  • I: posterior surface of the shaft of the femur (like adductor portion of adductor magnus)
  • N: obturator n.
  • F: adduct the femur
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17
Q

gracilis O, I, N and F

A
  • O: ischium
  • I: pes anserinus
  • N: obturator n.
  • F: adduct the femur and flex the knee. + medial rotation of the tibia (like sartorius)
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18
Q

adductor brevis O, I, N and F

A
  • O: pubis
  • I: posterior surface of the shaft of the femur
  • N: obturator n.
  • F: adduct the femur
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19
Q

adductor magnus (adductor portion) O, I, N and F

A
  • O: ischium and ischial tuberosity
  • I: posterior surface of the shaft of the femur
  • N: obturator n.
  • F: adduct the femur
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20
Q

adductor magnus (hamstring portion) O, I, N and F

A
  • O: ischial tuberosity
  • I: adductor tubercle of the femur
  • N: tibial n. (like hamstrings)
  • F: extend the hip (like hamstrings)
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21
Q

one common function to the muscles of the medial thigh

A

all adduct the femur (except hamstring portion of adductor magnus)

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22
Q

which muscles of the medial thigh flex the hip

A

pectineus

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23
Q

which muscles of the medial thigh extend the hip

A

hamstring portion of adductor magnus

24
Q

which muscles of the medial thigh flex the knee and medially rotate the tibia

A

gracillis

25
Q

3 muscles inserting at pes anserinus

A

sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus

26
Q

terminal branch of the femoral n. (which got to the anterior thigh by passing under the inguinal ligament)

A

saphenous n. (cutaneous only, to medial leg)

27
Q

femoral n. does what muscles of medial and anterior thigh

A
  • sartorius
  • quadriceps femoris
  • half of pectineus (flex the hip part)
28
Q

obturator n gets to medial thigh how

A

passes through the obturator canal (the obturator artery also passes there) and then splits into anterior and posterior divisions

29
Q

whats the obturator canal

A

a hole that is not filled in the obturator foramen, in the superior portion of the obturator foramen

30
Q

muscles of medial thigh inn. by obturator n.

A
  • half of pectineus (adductor part)
  • adductor longus
  • gracillis
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor magnus ADDUCTOR part
31
Q

cutaneous inn. to very top of the thigh anteriorly

A
  • lateral: lat cutaneous nerve of the thigh
  • middle: femoral branch of genitofemoral n.
  • medial: genital branch of genitofemoral n.
32
Q

cutaneous inn. to the thigh anteriorly

A
  • lat: lat cut n. of the thigh
  • middle: anterior cutaneous n. of the thigh (a branch of femoral n.)
  • medial: cutaneous branch of obturator n.
33
Q

cutaneous inn. to the leg anteriorly for top of leg

A
  • lat: lateral sural n.

- medial: saphenous n.

34
Q

cutaneous inn. to the leg anteriorly for bottom of leg

A
  • lat: superficial fibular n.

- medial: saphenous n.

35
Q

genitofemoral n. pierces what muscle

A

psoas m.

36
Q

blood supply to the anterior thigh

A

-branches of femoral a.
-branches of deep femoral a.
(+ have their matching veins)

37
Q

blood supply to medial thigh

A

-branches of obturator a.
-branches of femoral a.
(+ have their matching veins)

38
Q

perforating arteries precise names

A
  • first perforating aa.
  • second ‘’
  • third ‘’
  • fourth ‘’
39
Q

venous circulation in the leg (the big veins)

A
  • great saphenous v. branches off femoral v in proximal thigh and goes all the way down anteromedially to the dorsal venous arch in the foot
  • femoral v. follows femoral. a and becomes popliteal v.
  • popliteal v. gives 4 veins, including small saphenous vein which will go posterolaterally all the way to dorsal venous arch
40
Q

(imp) great saphenous v vs small saphenous v. location + where they travel

A
  • great = along thigh and leg anteromedially
  • small = along leg posterolateral
  • BOTH TRAVEL SUPERFICIAL TO THE FASCIA LATA SO THEY PIERCE IT*
41
Q

branches that the popliteal v gives other than the small saphenous v.

A
  • anterior tibial v. crosses leg laterally to go anterior
  • posterior tibial v. in the back medially
  • fibular v. in the back laterally
42
Q

where great saphenous v. crosses leg to reach the foot

A

anterior to medial malleolus

43
Q

where great saphenous v. reaches superficial to the fascia lata

A

saphenous opening in anterior proximal thigh. pierces outside to go superficial to fascia lata

44
Q

other structure that pierces through saphenous opening with great saphenous v. to get superficial to fascia lata

A

saphenous n.

45
Q

where small saphenous v pierces through the fascia lata to go superficial to it

A

in popliteal fossa (goes superficial posteriorly) after it branched from popliteal vein

46
Q

which leg vein is responsible for varicose veins

A

small saphenous vein

47
Q

varicose vein def

A

abnormal dilation of the small saphenous vein so that the cusps of the valves in this vein don’t close properly

48
Q

cause of varicose veins

A
  • gravity pulling down the venous blood
  • blood pushed up and stuck on valves
  • then, some people have dilated valve (it’s genetic/inherited) so these don’t close well and venous blood P pushes the valves
49
Q

saphenous venous graft is what

A
  • part of saphenous vein removed for a bypass

- vein inverted so that valves don’t obstruct blood flow

50
Q

borders of the femoral triangle

A
  • medial = adductor longus
  • lateral = sartorius
  • superior = inguinal ligament
51
Q

roof and floor of the femoral triangle

A
  • roof = fascia lata

- floor = pectineus (lat to adductor longus) and iliopsoas (med to sartorius)

52
Q

thing to note about the fascia lata that is forming the root of the femoral triangle

A

contains the saphenous opening, hole for great saphenous v. to go superficial and travel anteromedially in upper extremity

53
Q

what do you see most in the middle of the femoral triangle if you remove the fascia lata above it

A

lat to medial

  • femoral n. (outside of femoral sheath)
  • femoral a. (inside femoral sheath)
  • femoral v. (inside femoral sheath)
  • femoral canal which contains lymphatics (inside femoral sheath)
54
Q

what’s the femoral sheath

A

tube of fascia surrounding the femoral a. v. and lymphatics deep to the fascia lata that covers the inguinal triangle

55
Q

femoral sheath shape and origin

A
  • funnel-shapped

- is a prolongation of transversalis fascia from abdomen

56
Q

3 compartments of the femoral sheath

A
  • lateral compt (contains femoral a.)
  • intermediate compt (contains femoral v.)
  • medial compt (femoral canal, which contains lymphatics)
  • does not enclose the femoral n.*
57
Q

in anatomy lab, 2 structures of femoral triangle not to confuse

A
  • femoral vein
  • great saphenous v
  • great saphenous v. branches off femoral v and is superficial to the fascia lata*
  • femoral v. does not go far from femoral a. and stays kind of close or stuck to it BC OF THE FEMORAL SHEATH*

Bloc H - Movement (48 decks)

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