Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

imed3003 > Joints and Connective Tissues + Thigh, Leg and foot 1 > Flashcards

Joints and Connective Tissues + Thigh, Leg and foot 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of joints? (based on mobility)

A

Synarthroses (no movement) eg suture joints in skull

Amphiarthroses (Slightly moveable) eg vertebrae, and pubic symphysis

Diarthroses (Freely moveable) eg. elbow and shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the contents of a typical diarthroses joint?

A

Articular cartilage

Articular capsule

Joint cavity containing synovial fluid

Synovial membrane

Synovial fluid (separates the articular cartilages)

In some joints

Menisci

Fat pads (provide shock absorption)

Intracapsular ligaments (ACL, PCL, etc)

Extracapsular ligaments (Can repair themselves due to blood supply)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What parts of the bone does the articular capsule connect?

A

The periostea of both bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens to bone on the Load/deformation curve after the yield point?

A

It is no longer able to return to its original shape after deformation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the region of the curve where the bone can return to its original shape after applying the load?

A

The elastic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the region of the curve where the bone cannot return to its original shape after applying the load (the yield point)?

A

The plastic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What structures do all connective tissue share?

A

Collagen and elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are the stress/strain curves different for elastin and collagen?

A

Collagen can resist stress until the point of failure where the level of deformation is too much to handle (8% deformation is the point of failure which isn’t very high compared to elastic fibers)

Elastin is much like a rubber band where it can be deformed significantly without providing much resistance until it approaches the point of failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do tendons do?

A

They join muscle onto bone/fascia. Inelastic tissue ensures transfer of tension to effect movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are tendons made of?

A

Mostly collagen (99% with only 0.8% elastin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is collagen arranged in tendons? Why is this important?

A

Collagen is arranged in parallel bundles. This allows tendons to be very hard to deform.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are ligaments made of?

A

Also mostly collagen (~90%) but not only arranged in parallel which makes them somewhat resistant to deformation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the parts of the femur?

A

Head

Neck

Body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the teres ligament of the femur do?

A

Carries artery and vein to head called the fovea capitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the bumps on the top of the body of the femur called?

A

The greater and lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the ridges between trochanters called?

A

The intertrochanteric line anterior

Intertrochanteric crest posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the intertrochanteric crest contain? What is the purpose of this bump?

A

The quadrate tubercle (Connected to by the quadratus femoris)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the linea aspera?

A

Posterior line that descends the shaft of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the lines that meet at the linea aspera called?

A

From the greater trochanter: Gluteal tuberosity (Attachment of gluteus maximus)

From the lesser trochanter Pectineal line (from adductor muscle)

From the medial side: Spiral line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the lateral condyle?

A

On the inferior head of the femur (the one that forms the knee joint) lateral side which forms the lateral epicondyle which contains various ligaments and articulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the medial condyle?

A

On the inferior head of the femur (the one that forms the knee joint) medial side which forms the medial epicondyle which contains various ligaments and articulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the adducter tubercle?

A

The attachment point on the medial condyle for an adductor muscle which is the site of passage for several arteries and nerves.

23
Q

What are the supracondylar lines?

A

The lines from the linea aspera to the condyles

24
Q

What does the patella hover on?

A

Patellar surface of the femur

25
Q

What is the popliteal surface?

A

Surface on posterior humerus that is found between the medial and lateral condylar lines.

26
Q

Which is more medial and lateral the tibia or the fibula?

A

Medial: Tibia

Lateral: Fibula

27
Q

What is the anterior intercondylar area?

A

The area between medial and lateral condyle anteriorly that gives rise to the ACL

28
Q

What is the posterior intercondylar area?

A

Area between condyles that gives rise to the PCL

29
Q

What is the location that the patellar tendon binds to attach the quadriceps to the tibia?

A

The tibial tuberosity

30
Q

What is the medial malleolus formed by?

A

The medial tibia

31
Q

What is the notch for the fibula to attach to the tibia?

A

The fibula notch (it is on the tibia)

32
Q

What does the interosseus membrane attach to on the tibia?

A

The interosseus border

33
Q

What is the soleal line?

A

Line that descends along to medial tibia

34
Q

What is the styloid process?

A

Next to the head of the fibula is a sharp bone for attachment of one of the knee ligaments and supports lateral condyle of the tibia

35
Q

Where is the facet of the tibia located?

A

On the head of the fibula

36
Q

What happens to anterior border of the fibula as it descends to the lateral malleolus?

A

It bifurcates

37
Q

What are the fibula borders in order of most posterior to most anterior and are these borders more medial or more lateral?

A

Posterior

Medial

Interosseus

Anterior

AIMP (Anterior to posterior)

38
Q

What is the talus and what is the calcaneus?

A

Talus is superior tarsal bone

Calcaneus is inferior tarsal bone

39
Q

Where is the navicular bone relative to the talus and calcaneus?

A

It is more anterior and medial

40
Q

What are the 3 cuneiforms?

A

Medial intermediate and lateral

41
Q

What are the tarsal bones from most posterior to most anterior?

A

Calcaneus + Talus

Navicular + Cuboid

Medial + intermediate + lateral cuneiform

42
Q

What does the calcaneal tuberosity bind to?

A

Achilles tendon

43
Q

What is the sustentaculum tali?

A

Protrusion on the calcaneus that looks like a boxing glove

44
Q

Where is the peroneal sulcus located? What does it do?

A

On the cuboid bone, it allows for passage of a tendon

45
Q

How are the metatarsals numbered?

A

From most medial to lateral

46
Q

How many phalanges do the toes have?

A

All have 3 except the big toe which has 2

47
Q

What ligaments hold the femoral head in place?

A

Iliofemoral ligament (2 attachments on the femur)

Pubofemoral ligament

Ischiofemoral ligament

48
Q

What completes the knee capsule anteriorly?

A

Lateral and medial patellar retinacula

Patellar ligament

49
Q

What 2 extracapsular ligaments hold the knee joint?

A

The MCL (tibial collateral ligament)

The LCL (Fibular collateral ligament)

50
Q

What 2 intracapsular ligaments hold the knee joint?

A

ACL and PCL

51
Q

What ligaments hold the foot in place?

A

Lateral collateral ligaments:

Medial collateral ligament:

52
Q

What are the parts of the lateral collateral ligaments?

A

Calcaneofibular ligament

Anterior talofibular ligament

Posterior talofibular ligament

53
Q

What are the parts of the medial collateral ligaments?

A

Deltoid ligament (4 parts)

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (sustentaculum tali to navicular)

Long and short plantar ligaments

imed3003 (48 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions