Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHTH 450 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

what is represented by a joint

A

the junction b/w two or more bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how is the region of a joint described as?

A

regions where bones are capped and surrounded by CT that allows to hold the bones together and determine the type of mvmt that occurs b/w them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is an anatomical joint

A

two articular surfaces with the surrounding joint capsile, ligaments and intra-articular structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

based on cyriax’s model what is the anatomical joint components classified as?

A

inert structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the physiological joint also known as

A

the joint complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the physiological joint

A

composed of the anatomical joint + all surrounding soft tissue, nerves and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

based on the cyriax model all the neuromuscular tissue that makes up the physiological joint composes what type of structure?

A

contractile structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what part of the joint or joint complex is afffected with movement and mobilization techniques

A

the entire joint or joint complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a diarthosis joint

A

joint that generally unites long bones and allows free bone mvmt and great mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what characterizes the diartrosis joint

A

fibroelastic joint capsule that is filled w/ synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is an other common name given to diarthosis joints

A

synovial joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the distinguishing features of a synovial joint

A
  • has a joint cavity
  • articular cartilage
  • synovial fluid
  • synovial membrane
  • a fibrous capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the role of synovial fluid in joints

A

acts as a cushion and provides lubrification to the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a synarthosis joint named according to?

A

according to the type of tissues that connects both bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a syndesmosis joint

A

a joint that is connected byt fibrous tissue/interosseous ligament such as the radioulnar joint in the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a synchondrosis

A

a joint in which cartilage connects both bones often an articular disc such as in the pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is a synostosis/suture joint?

A

joint for which the bone connects to the bone such as in the skull of an infant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are arthrokinematics

A

the study of the mvmt of one articular surface onto another without regards to the movement of the bone or of the forces producing mvmt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what terms are generally used to describe the arthrokinematics of a joint

A

slide
glides
spins
swings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how is gliding of a joint described in terms of?

A

always describe as a function of the distal bone gliding on the proximal bone in a given direction, especially in extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is osteokinematics

A

the study and measurement of motion of a bone in space and the study of mvmt of a bone around its mechanical axis w/o regards to the motion occuring at the joint surface of the forces that are producing the mvmt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does osteokinematics generally consist of

A

osteokinematic rotation and can also involve some translation at the level of the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is considered to be the mechanical axis of a joitn

A

the line that passes through the bone perpendicular to the joint surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

provide the arthrokinematic and osteokinematics for flexion of the knee

A

arthrokinematic: posterior glide of tibia on patella
osteokinematic: distal bone (tibia) moves in space posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is a simple joint

A

a joint with one articulating surface generally one surface will be concave and the other will be convexe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

which bone is refered to in order to determine which bone is the moving bone

A

the distal bone

27
Q

what is the concex-concave rule or male-female rule?

A

the convex bone will move in the opposite direction of the glide at that joint
the concave bone will move in the same direction as the glide at that joint

28
Q

what is a compound joint

A

a joint with more that one articulating pain in a single capsule
neitger will articulate with the surface which belongs to the other

29
Q

provide an example of a compound joint in the foot

A

For example, the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints act together as the compound transverse tarsal joint.

30
Q

what is a complex joint

A

a joint that has an articular disc

31
Q

what is a degree of freedom

A

the number of independent modes of motion at a joint

32
Q

what major joints only have one degree of freedom? joint motion occurs in how many planes?

A

joint motion about a single plane

eg PIP joint of the hand/feet

33
Q

provide an example of a joint w/ 2 DOF

A

MCP joint

34
Q

provide an example of a joint with 3DOF

A

hip and shoulder

35
Q

how are synovial joint classified as in terms of the types of bone mvmt and the DOF allowed at each particular joint

A

-unmodified ovid
-modified ovif
unmodified sellar
modified sellar

36
Q

what is an ovoid joint surface

A

a surface that can either be convex or concave in all directions s/a an egg shell

37
Q

what is a sellar or saddle joint surface

A

a surface that is inversely curved w/ convexe and concave surfaces situated at right angles to each other

38
Q

what is an unmodified ovid joint

A

a joint that is sufficently spherical in shape to allow 3DOF s/a the hip and shoulder joint
associated w/ joints that have 3DOF

39
Q

what is a modified ovid joint

A

a joint in which the degree of curvature is more marked in one plane thatn in the other
allows only 2 DOF s/a in the MCP and radiocarpal joint

40
Q

what is an unmodified sellar joint

A

a joint surface which are purely concave in one plane and then purely convex in the other plane thus the joint surfaces will be perpendicular to one another
this allows for only 2DOF s/a in the 1st CMC joint

41
Q

what is a modified sellar joint

A

a joint for which surfaces are both concave and convex in the same plane and hence surfaces are not perpendicular to each other.
this allows for 1DOF such as in the IP joint

42
Q

a joint with 3 DOF will have what type of articulating surfaces

A

unmodified ovoid

43
Q

a joint w/ 2 DOF will have what type of articulating surfaces

A

unmodified sellar or modified ovoid

44
Q

a joint w/ 1 DOF will have what type of articulating surfaces

A

modified sellar

45
Q

what ype of articulating surface is the shoulder and hip joint

A

unmodified ovoid

46
Q

what type of articulating surface is the ulnohumero joint

A

modified ovoid

47
Q

what type of articulating surface is the radiocarpal joint

A

modified ovoid

48
Q

what type of articulating surface is the thumb cmc

A

unmodified sellar

49
Q

what type of articulating surface is the MCP

A

modified ovoid

50
Q

what type of articulating surface is the PIP and DIP

A

modified sellar

51
Q

what type of articulating surface is the tibiofemoral joint

A

modified ovoid

52
Q

what type of articulating surface is the talocrural joint

A

modified sellar

53
Q

what type of articulating surface is the MTP

A

modified ovoid

54
Q

what type of articulating surface is the IP joint

A

modified sellar

55
Q

are articulating surfaces in joint congruent?

A

no they are not always fully congruent thus often due to two surfaces which have differences in the curvature of the articular surfaces

56
Q

due to the differences in curvatures of the articulating surfaces, what does that mean in terms of contact

A

that at some positions the surfaces will be in greater contact with one another than at other positions

57
Q

explain the resting postioon of a joint

A
  • least packed position
  • periarticular structure are most lax and allow for the greatest range of joint play
  • minimal joint surface contact
  • maximal joint volume
  • symptom relieving position
  • least ms tension, no ms contraction
58
Q

in what position are joints normally mobilized in

A

resting position

59
Q

why is there minimal to no tension in resting position of a joint

A

because the exernal force is taken up by the joint capsule or surrounding ligaments

60
Q

what joint position is said to be the least stable?

A

resting position since the bones are farthest appart

61
Q

what is the closed packed position of a joint

A
  • when the joint capsule and ligaments are maximally tensed
  • max contact b/w concave and convex articular surfaces
  • minimal joint volume
  • maximal stability hence no further motion is possible
62
Q

what are common injuries that occur in the closed pack joint position due to a large external force

A

fractures and dislocations

63
Q

are joint mobilizations commonluy preformed in the closed packed position

A

no

PHTH 450 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions