Joints Flashcards
What are fibrous joints?
Bones joined by fibrous connective tissue. No joint cavity, so little to no movement
What are sutures (synostoses)?
Seams found only between the bones of the skull. Overlapping or interlocking of 2 bones. Joined by very short CT fibers
What are synarthroses?
Joints with very limited movement. Cords (ligaments) or sheets (interosseous membrane) of fibrous CT
What are gomphoses?
Peg in socket joints. Only example in the human body is a tooth in a socket
What are cartilaginous joints?
Bones are united by cartilage (no joint cavity)
What are synchondroses?
Areas of growth (ex. epiphyseal plates)
What are symphyses?
Articular covered with hyaline cartilage. Offer strength with flexibility (ex. pubic symphysis, intervertebral joints)
What are the 6 characteristics of synovial joints?
1) Articular cartilage
2) Joint cavity
3) Articular capsule
4) Synovial fluid
5) Reinforcing ligaments
6) Nerves and blood vessels
What are bursae?
A sac lined with synovial membrane and containing a thin film of synovial fluid
Where are bursae found?
Where ligaments, muscles, skin, or tendons overlie and rub against bone
What is a tendon sheath?
An elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon
3 factors influencing joint stability:
1) Articular surfaces
2) Ligaments
3) muscle tone
What is a plane joint?
2 flat opposing surfaces gliding against each other (ex. intercarpal joints)
What is a hinge joint?
A cylinder being inserted into a trough (ex. elbow joint). Acts like a hinge
What is a pivot joint?
Insertion into a ring or sleeve (ex. between atlas and dens of axis, proximal radioulnar joints)
