joints Flashcards
Define flexion
angle of 2 bones is decreased by movement
Define extension
straightning joint to vertical position
Define abduction
away from the midline
define adduction
toward the midline
define circumduction
movement between head and articular cavity at distal end
define pronation
radius crossed over ulna so palms is faced down
define supination
movement brings the forearm into anatomical position
define dorsal flexion
further flexion of ankle, decrease the angle
define planatar flexion
extension of the foot at the ankle
define inversion
turn the sole inward
define eversion
turn the sole outward
Name the three structural types of joints found in the body
- fibrous
- cartilaginous
- synovial
give 3 examples of fibrous joints
- sutures in the skull
- syndesmoses
- interosseous
give two examples of cartilaginous joints
- sternum to ribs
- intervertebral discs
give an example of synovial joints
freely moveable joints
what is a subtype of fibrous tissue
gomphosis
Name the three functional types of joints found in the body
- synarthrosis
- amphiarthrosis
- diarthrosis
List the 4 parts common to all synovial joints
- articular cartilage
- articular capsule
- joint cavity
- reinforcing ligaments
6 synovial joints based on shape
- plane joint
- hinge
- pivot
- condylar
- saddle
- ball-and-socket
example of hinge joint
humerus and ulna, uniaxial
example of plane joint
nonaxial, carpals
example of pivot joint
c1, c2
uniaxial
example of condyle joint
metacarpals and phalanx
biaxial
example of saddle joint
thumb metacarpal and carpal bone
biaxial
example ball-and-socket
shoulder and hip
multiaxial
Define the different angular movements of the body.
flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
Define the different circular movements of the body.
rotation
circumduction
what is a synarthrosis joint?
an immovable joint
what is an amphiarthrosis joint?
slightly moveable joint
what is a diathrosis joint?
freely moveable joint
