Joint pain Flashcards
What could cause monoarthritis
Septic arthritis
Crystal arthritis: gout, CPPD
Osteoarthritis
Trauma: haemarthosis
What could cause oligoarthritis
Crystal arthritis: gout, CPPD psoriatic arthritis reactive arthritis ankylosing spondylitis osteoarthritis
What could cause symmetrical polyarthritis
rheumatoid arthritis
osteoarthritis
viruses: hep A, B, C, mumps
What could cause asymmetrical polyarthritis
reactive arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
What is osteoarthritis
Degenerative disorder, breakdown of articular cartilage in synovial joints
What areas tend to be affected by osteoarthritis
Knees, hips, DIPs and PIPs (weight bearing/commonly used)
What are the risk factors for osteoarthritis
Age
Obesity
Family hx
Joint injury/overuse
What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis
Pain worse with movement, rest, at night Morning stiffness <30 mins * reduced range of motion joing may be misaligned and appear knobbly crepitus
How do you tell the difference between rheumatoid and osteo-arthritis?
Morning stiffness lasts less than 30 mins in osteoarthritis and lasts >1hr in rheumatoid
What are osteoarthritic node at PIP joint called
Bouchards nodules
What are osteoarthritic nodes at DIP joint called
Heberdens nodes
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
Inflammatory disease, symmetrical polyarthritis
What areas tend to be affected by rheumatoid arthritis
Metacarpophalangeal joint and proximal interphalangeal joints of hands + feet
What are the risk factors assoc with rheum. arthritis
smoking
female
50s-60s yrs
genetics
What are the symptoms of rheum arthritis
Inflammation of joint Swan neck fingers Boutonniere deformity (thumb) ulnar devation of fingers Morning stiffness >1hr * tiredness, fever, sweating, poor apetite, weight loss dry eyes pleuritic chest pain rheumatoid nodules
What complications are associated with rheumatoid arthritis
Carpal tunnel syndrome
pericarditis + pericardial effusion
What is fibromyalgia
Syndrome characterised by chronic widespread pain and fatigue and an increased sensitivity to pain
What are the risk factors associated with fibromyalgia
Female, genetics Injury/infection divorce low income overprotective family or a lack of support depression, anxiety + stress dissatisfaction at work
What conditions are associated with fibromyalgia?
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
Chronic headache syndromes
What are the symptoms of fibromyalgia?
Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain and tenderness Morning stiffness Fatigue Poor concentration Sleep disturbance Low mood Cognitive dysfunction (fibro fog)
What is gout?
Disorder of purine metabolism and occurs when uric acid crystallises in the form of monosodium urate. This precipitates and forms deposits in joints, tendons and surrounding tissue
What are the risk factors associated with gout?
Male
Genetics
Drugs
Surgery, infection, fasting or diuretics
What are the symptoms of gout?
Joint inflammation
1st metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe
Ankle, foot, hand joints, wrist, elbow and knee most commonly affected
Fever
Erythema
What is septic arthritis?
Infections of the joing caused by invading microorgansims esp. bacteria - can destroy a joint in 24 hours
