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Peds > JIA, Achondroplasia, arthrogryposis, OI > Flashcards

JIA, Achondroplasia, arthrogryposis, OI Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)

A

Encompasses all forms of arthritis before age 16 that lasts > 6 weeks and is of unknown origin

Chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the lining of the joints

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3
Q

Cause of JIA

A

Unknown, thought to be autoimmune

**diagnosis of exclusion

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4
Q

Symptoms of JIA

A

Joint stiffness + pain
Limited ROM
Joints may be warm or swollen, sometimes red
Decreased use of affected limb + limp while walking

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5
Q

Systemic complications of JIA

A

Inflammation of eye (iridocyclitis)
High fever
Rash

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6
Q

Classifications of juvenile arthritis

A

Classified by # of joints involved during 1st 6 months of diagnosis

Oligoarticular < 4 joints
Polyarticular > 5 joints
Systemic (affects the whole body, includes fever and other systemic symptoms)

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7
Q

Diagnosis of JIA

A

MRI
RF factor

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8
Q

Treatment of JIA

A

Medications
PT
Regular exercise
Surgery

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9
Q

Meds for JIA

A

NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Methotrexate
Humira + Enebrel

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10
Q

Integumentary signs of JIA

A

Rash
Nodules
Edema

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11
Q

MSK exam of JIA

A

Joint status + integrity
ROM
Postural alignment
Leg length discrepancies
Joint deformities
Muscle function

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12
Q

Cardiopulm + JIA PT exam

A

Vital signs at rest + with activity
RPE scales

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13
Q

JIA PT Exam + function

A

Gait pattern + parameters
Transitions
Self care
Gross motor abilities
Assistive devices

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14
Q

Motor assessments for JIA

A

PDMS 2 + 3
BOTMP 2

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15
Q

PT intervention for JIA

A

Relieve pain
Minimize inflammation
Prevent limitation + restore ROM
Maintain + increase muscle strength
Increase + maintain endurance
Promote normal growth + development
Optimize health

Swimming

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16
Q

Intervention during active flare up of JIA

A

Prevent contracture
Customized resting splints + positioning
Pain management
Avoid full bed rest, be as mobile as possible

17
Q

Intervention of chronic JIA

A

ROM to increase flexibility and decrease stiffness
Preserve max functioning with positioning
Functional splints to protect joints during activity
HEP
Modalities: caution with growth plates
Regular exercise: stretch before, low intensity

18
Q

Therapeutic exercise and JIA

A

Strengthen, improve endurance, and decrease burden on joints

-Isometrics
-AROM
-Aquatic therapy
-mod intensity aerobic conditioning <30 min

19
Q

Overall goal of JIA

A

Increase muscle strength to decrease stress on joints

20
Q

Contraindications to physical activity in JIA

A

Fever
Anemia
Acute renal failure
Carditis
Serositis
Ischemic response to treadmill test
Non controlled arrhythmias
arterial HTN
malnourishment with weight loss > 35%

21
Q

Prognostic indicators for JIA

A

polyarticular JIA + positive RF have worse prognosis
symmetrical joint involvement
Severe arthritis at onset
Early signs of wrist + hip involvement

22
Q

Complications of JIA

A

Leg length discrepancy
Changes in bone density

23
Q

Achondroplasia

A

Genetic disorder the affects skeletal development characterized by severe disproportionate short stature

24
Q

Cause of achondroplasia

A

Mutation in the gene that codes for fibroblast growth factor

25
Q

Symptoms of achondroplasia

A

Disproportionate body size w large head
Occipital bossing
Shorter limbs
Loose joints
Hypotonia
Bowing of lower legs
Normal intelligence + life expectancy

26
Q

Other risks of achondroplasia

A

Hydrocephalus
Craniocervical junction compression
Upper airway obstruction
Thoracolumbar kyphosis

27
Q

Biomechanical considerations/precautions for achondroplasia

A

Avoid flexion posture of neck and spine

Avoid too much neck bending in any direction

28
Q

Scott sign

A

Clinical measure of ligamentous laxity defined by passively opposing lateral borders of the feet when brought together in midline above the level of the pelvis in seated position

Peds (11 decks)

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