Hypothesis Oriented Pediatric Focused Algorithm (HOP-FA) Flashcards
What is the HOPFA and what does it provide
Decision making model involving the patient/family in decision making (family centered care)
Provides a framework for science based clinical practice
Deductive reasoning process for peds
Key characteristics of HOPFA
-Systematic planning independent of a particular approach to intervention
-Can be applied to a patient regardless of age or disorder
-Elements selected based on practicality
-Allows for prevention
-Elements can be used to organize documentation
How to determine initial hypotheses
Consider information and develop a mental picture including typical developmental skill + social expectations
Anticipate impairments that may be associated with the diagnosis
History
Obtained from referral info, medical record, informal observation, and interview
Points to consider with history taking
How the child’s presentation fit what is known about the diagnosis
Additional questions for family based on diagnosis
Components of initial data collection
Talk
Watch
Purpose of initial data collection
Provides an opportunity to gather expectations of therapy and the environment of the child/family
Develops initial impression of child’s functional capabilities + status
Hypothesized goals
Can be modified
Tool to help prioritize tests + measures
Can initial problem statements and goals be altered?
Yes; once exam + assessment are finished it can be determined if initial problem statement is reasonable and complete
Examination planning
-Determine what other info is needed
-Causes of problems
-Select appropriate tests + measures appropriate + related to goals
-Avoid extraneous procedures
-Consult if necessary
ICF model in children
Fitness (impairments)
Function (activity)
Friends (participation)
Family
Fun
Components of pediatric exam procedures
Systems review + screening
Standardized tests + outcome measures
Specific functional skills dependent on age + ability
Impairments
Problem list
Identify impairments (fitness)
Activity limitations (function)
Participation restrictions (friends)
Where do goals come from
Problem list
Diagnosis
Supplement to medical dx: movement dysfunctions
Questions to consider with diagnosis prognosis
Can impairments be changed through intervention?
Is the patient functioning optimally or can therapy improve strategies?
Should assistive tech be considered to improve function and reduce disability?
Can goals be achieved?
Goal categories to consider
Alleviation of impairments limiting function or preventing secondary impairment
Development or retraining functional skills
Compensation for functions that cannot be improved
Attending to goals with highest priority for family
Life preparation with max self determination
4 components of goal
Audience
Behavior
Conditions
Duration
Intervention session planning
Base each session around specific functional goal
Prep activities
Motor activities
Link to next session
Consider motivation + feedback, challenge of activity
Reflection
Assess effectiveness of intervention
Consider progress with overall plan of care
Stages of HOPFA
Initial hypotheses
Mental picture
Initial data collection
Problem statement + hypothesize goals
Family’s goals + concerns
Exam planning
ICF
Exam + evaluation
Problem list
D/P
Goals
Intervention planning
Reflection
Importance of developing mental picture
Helps to plan exam or make decision to reach back out to referring physician if presentation doesn’t make sense
Key difference between pediatric and adult ICF model
Consideration of the future
