Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oral Surgery > Jaw Fractures > Flashcards

Jaw Fractures Flashcards

0
Q

What are the feature of a zygomatic fracture?

A 
Swelling and bruising over cheek
Flattened cheek profile
Step deformity at infra orbital rim, zygomatic arch
Periorbital ecchymyosis
Subconjunctival heamorraghe 
Parasthesia of infra orbital nerve 
Trismus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the features of a mandibular jaw fracture?

A 
Laceration,
Bleeding
Swelling
Palpable/visible step deformity
Damaged teeth
Para/anaesthesia 
Malocclusion or step deformity
Crepitus of mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What radiographic assessment would you do for a zygomatic fracture?

A

OM 15/30
CT skull
CT scan
Sunmentovertex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What radiographic features would

You see in a zygomatic fracture?

A

Fracture of arch or buttress
Fluid in Antrum
Step deformity at infra oribtal margin or zygomaticofacial suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which lines do you assess for on the OM cure for zygomatic fracture?

A

Campbell’s lines

Secondary curves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 4 Campbell’s lines?

A

Supraorbital
Infraorbital
Supramaxilliary
Mandibular plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 4 secondary curves?

A

Outer curve nasal complex
Orbital rim
Superior margin zygomatic arch and lateral orbit margin
Lateral wall of Antrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When would you carry out surgery for fractured zygoma?

A

Cosmetic
Impaired mandibular movement
Diploplia
Infra orbi nerve damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the post op complications following zygoma surgery?

A

Retro bulbar haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 5 surgical approaches to repairing the zygoma?

A 
Gillies approach
Poswillo
Eyebrow incision 
Bicoronal flap
Intra oral (Keen)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you perform the eyebrow incision?

A

Lateral third of eye brow to access ZF suture?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you perform the Gillies approach?

A

Oblique incision in hair line in the Temporal fossa

usually used for zygoma fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do you perform the poswillo approach?

A

Line between outer canthus and alar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you perform the bicoronal flap ?

A

This allows access for multiple facial injuries

Scalp incision when you want to expose zygomatic region then need to add a pre or post auricular incision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is the intro oral incision places?

A

Upper buccal sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which artery is generally responsible for retro bulbar haemorrhage?

A

Ciliary artery (branch of opthalmic artery which is a branch of internal carotid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can retrobulbar haemorrhage cause blindess?

A 
Ciliary artery bleeds
Increases pressure
Blocks blood vessels supplying optic nerve 
Leads to ischemic neuropathy
BLINDNESS if untreated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What should be performed post zygoma fracture surgery?

A

Post op eye obs

Pain pupil reaction proptosis visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you manage ischemic optic neuropathy?

A

Surgically
Surgical decompression

Medication
Mannitol and steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How common is retrobulbar haemorrhage?

A

0.3% post surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the guidelines regarding antibiotic cover for prophylaxis against IE?

A

NICE march 2008

No longer offered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What could you consider giving to someone with facial fractures?

A

Broad spectrum ab and analgesics since usually associated with trauma to mouth and sinus therefore bacteria easy to get into bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Patients with mid facial fractures should avoid doing eat?

A

Blowing their nose to avoid surgical emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the requirements for radiographic investigation of a patient with facial fracture?

A

At least two at 90 degrees to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When would you undertake a conservative treatment approach for patients with facial trauma?

A

Those that have in displaced stable fracturs

Those that are not fit for surgery

25
Q

What advice would you give to someone with facial trauma?

A

Soft diet good OH and analgesics

26
Q

What are the three main stages for surgical treatment of fractures?

A

Reduction
Immobilization
Rehab

27
Q

What are the options for reducing fractures?

A

Open or closed

Open is under surgical access

29
Q

What are the two categories of fixation?

A

indirect and direct

direct can be external or internal

30
Q

What are the principles of indirect fixation?

A

IMF using eyelets, archbars, buttons and screws

31
Q

What are the principles of direct external fixation?

A

Rare now
Mainly used for comminuted fracture or infection eg osteomyelitis
Uses pin system and can be done with open or closed reduction

32
Q

What are the principles for direct internal fixation?

A

mini plates

33
Q

Which views could you take for almost all fractures of the mandible?

A

All except for symphysis

DPT and oblique lateral

34
Q

Which views do you need to take for symphseal fracture of the jaw?

A

lower 45/90

35
Q

When could you take a PA jaws?

A

condyle, angle, ramus,body

36
Q

When could you take an OM view?

A

all except coronid and symphysis

37
Q

What are the four types of fracture of the mandible?

A

Grrenstick
simple
comminuted
Compound

38
Q

What is a greenstick fracture?

A

incomplete fracture of flexible bone

39
Q

What is a simple fracture?

A

fracture with minimal fragmentation

40
Q

What is a communited fracture?

A

bone has become shattered into fragmemts eg bullet

41
Q

What is a compound fracture?

A

Communicates with the external environment

42
Q

What complications arise from the atrophic mandible and jaw fractures?

A

When stripped of the mucoperiosteum the bone becomes starved

43
Q

What are the areas where mandible can fracture?

A 
condyle
coronid
body
ramus
symphysis
angle
44
Q

What are the symptoms of body/angle fractur?

A

altered bite and numbness

45
Q

What are the symtpms of condye fracture?

A 
altered bite
chin laceration
pre auricuclar swelling
bleeding in the EAM
facial weakness
46
Q

Where is the most common site of fracture in mandible?

A

Angle folllowed by symphysis

47
Q

where is the least common site for fracture of mandible?

A

ramus

48
Q

What do you need to be cautious of when there has been a chin fracture?

A

flail mandible as suprahyoid muscles pull on the loose portion of mandible

49
Q

What are the advanages of miniplates?

A

maintains reduction
minimises healing time
restores early function
prevents infection

50
Q

What do you need to be cautious of with zygomatic or orbital injurires?

A

Orbital blow out

51
Q

what is an orbital blow out?

A

when there is herniation of fat through the orbital floor

52
Q

What is the managemnet for simple fractures?

A

ORIF

53
Q

What is the managment for more complex fractures?

A

primary treatment: definitive airway debridemen,soft tissue management and mantainn boney dimensions using reconstrution plates or external fixes

54
Q

What are the phases of secondary jaw reconstruction?

A

Flaps and grafs
distraction osteogenesis
and implants

55
Q

What is the step by step operative management for pan facial trauma?

A
  1. Restore the airway eg tracheostomy or submandibular intubation
  2. Expose all fracture sites by planned incisons: coronal, lower eyelid, intrs oral and existing lacerations
  3. Connect the incisons and lacerations by subperiosteal tunnelling which facilitates direct vision of all sites
56
Q

Which structures do you reconstruct first in pan facial trauma?

A

Load bearing areas

57
Q

Which structures do you reconstruct second in pan facial injuries?

A

Reconstruct facial projection

  1. Start from stable posterior area and then process
  2. Proceed along zygomatic arch to zygomatic complex
58
Q

What do you re construct third in pan facial trauma?

A

Facial width

1. Fixation of zygomatic to stable part of upper facial third

59
Q

What do you reconstruct fourthly in pan facial injury?

A
  1. Reposition and fix ramus fractures
  2. Restore occlusion with IMF
  3. Repostiin and stabilise mandibular fractures
60
Q

How do you restore a lower maxillary fracture?

A

Gently reposition maxilla to the position indicated by the mandible via IMF

Oral Surgery (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions