Jason Dion - CompTIA A+ 1002 Exam Prep #2

Question 1

• Your coworker is creating a script to run on a Windows Server using PowerShell. Which of the following file formats should the Script use?

.py
.sh
.bat
.ps1

Answer 1

.ps1

Explanation:
.ps1 = If you want to save a series of PowerShell commands in a file to rerun them later, you effectively create a PowerShell script by creating a text file with a .ps1 extension. The file can contain a series of PowerShell commands, with each command appearing on a separate line.

.py = Python scripts are saved using the .py extension.

.bat = Batch scripts run on the Windows operating system and, in their simplest form, contain a list of several commands that are executed in a sequence. A .bat file is used for a batch script. You can run the file by calling its name from the command line or double-clicking the file in File Explorer. Generally, batch file scripts run from end to end and are limited in branching and user input.

.sh = A shell script is a file that contains a list of commands to be read and executed by the shell in Linux and macOS. A .sh file is used for a shell script and its first line always begins with #!/bin/bash that designates the interpreter. This line instructs the operating system to execute the script. Shell scripts allow you to perform various functions. These functions include automation of commands and tasks of system administration and troubleshooting, creating simple applications, and manipulating text or files.

Question 2

• Which of the following is used to communicate data and preferences to child processes within a script or batch file?

Constants
Comments
Variables
Environmental Variables

Answer 2

Environmental Variables

Explanation:
Shell scripts and batch files use environment variables to communicate data and preferences to child processes. They can also be used to store temporary values for reference later in a shell script.

A variable is a placeholder in a script containing a number, character, or string of characters. Variables in scripts do not have to be declared (unlike in programming languages) but can be assigned a value. Then, the variable name is referenced throughout the script instead of the value itself.

A comment is written into the code to help a human understand the initial programmer’s logic. In Python, for example, you can use the # symbol to comment on a line of code. Anything on the line after the # is ignored by the computer when the script is being executed.

A constant is a specific identifier that contains a value that cannot be changed within the program. For example, the value to convert a number from F to C is always 5/9 because the formula is C = (F -32) * 5/9.

Question 3

• You are a member of a project team contracted to install twenty new wireless access points (WAPs) for a college campus. Your team has already determined the locations for the new WAPs and notated them in the physical and logical network diagrams. Your team is still finalizing the change request documents for the installation. The project cannot move forward with the installation until the change request is finalized and approved. Which of the following is the MOST important thing to add to the scope of work and change request before its approval?

End-User Acceptance
Risk Analysis
Plan for Change
Rollback Plan

Answer 3

Plan for Change

Explanation:
This is a difficult question because all of these items should be included in a Request for Change (RFC), but the most important is a proper backout plan. A rollback plan is an IT governance integration approach that specifies the processes required to restore a system to its original or earlier state in the event of failed or aborted implementation. Every change should be accompanied by a rollback plan so that the change can be reversed if it has harmful or unforeseen consequences. Changes should also be scheduled sensitively if they are likely to cause system downtime or other negative impacts on the workflow of the business units that depend on the IT system being modified. Most organizations have a scheduled maintenance window period for authorized downtime. By following this guidance, the team can back out and restore service on the legacy/previous system if something goes wrong with the installation.

End-user acceptance is the process of verifying a change was successfully implemented and turned over to the end-user for future operation.

A plan for change is the documented method for installing or modifying the asset as documented in the change request. While this is important, the most important thing is still a backout plan since many changes are routine changes that do not require a detailed plan of change.

A risk analysis determines the severity level of a change and is used to help the change approval board (CAB) make an informed approval decision.

Question 4

• An employee was recently moved from the Human Resources department into the Sales department. Which of the following should you check to ensure they no longer have access to the employee data stored in the Human Resource department share drives?

Credential Manager
Home Folder
Security Groups
Group Policy

Answer 4

Security Groups

Explanation:
A security group is a collection of user accounts that can be assigned permissions in the same way as a single user object. Security groups are used when assigning permissions and rights, as it is more efficient to assign permissions to a group than to assign them individually to each user. You can assign permissions to a user simply by adding the user to the appropriate group. In most corporate environments, security groups control access to share drives, mailing lists, and other network resources.

Question 5

• You have been asked to install a computer in a public workspace. Only an authorized user should use the computer. Which of the following security requirements should you implement to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the network with this computer?

Require authentication on wake-up
Disable Single Sign-On
Issue the same strong and complex passwords for all users
Remove the guest account from the Administrator Group

Answer 5

Require authentication on wake-up

Explanation:
To prevent the computer from being used inadvertently to access the network, the system should be configured to require authentication whenever the computer is woken up. Therefore, if an authorized user walks away from the computer and goes to sleep when another person tries to use the computer, it will ask for a username and password before granting them access to the network. A screen lock can secure the desktop with a password while leaving programs running if a user walks away, as well.

Single sign-on (SSO) is a type of mutual authentication for multiple services that can accept the credential from one domain or service as authentication for other services.

A guest account is a Microsoft Windows user account with limited capabilities, no privacy, and is disabled by default.

Using the same password for all users is considered extremely poor security and should not be done.

Question 6

• Which of the following file types are commonly used by scripts in a Linux command line environment?

.ps1
.vbs
.sh
.js

Answer 6

.sh

Explanation:
A shell script is a file that contains a list of commands to be read and executed by the shell in Linux and macOS. A .sh file is used for a shell script and its first line always begins with #!/bin/bash that designates the interpreter. This line instructs the operating system to execute the script. Shell scripts allow you to perform various functions. These functions include automation of commands and tasks of system administration and troubleshooting, creating simple applications, and manipulating text or files.

VBScript is a scripting language based on Microsoft’s Visual Basic programming language. Network administrators often use VBScript to perform repetitive administrative tasks. With VBScript, you can run your scripts from either the command-line or the Windows graphical interface. Scripts that you write must be run within a host environment. Windows 10 provides Internet Explorer, IIS, and Windows Script Host (WSH) for this purpose.

Windows PowerShell enables you to perform management and administrative tasks in Windows 7 and later. It is fully integrated with the operating system and supports both remote execution and scripting. Microsoft provides the Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE) to help create and manage your Windows PowerShell scripts. If you want to save a series of PowerShell commands in a file to rerun them later, you effectively create a PowerShell script by creating a text file with a .ps1 extension. The file can contain a series of PowerShell commands, with each command appearing on a separate line.

JavaScript is a scripting language that is designed to create interactive web-based content and web apps. The scripts are executed automatically by placing the script in the HTML code for a web page so that when the HTML code for the page loads, the script is run. JavaScript is stored in a .js file or as part of an HTML file.

Question 7

• One of your Windows services is failing to start when you boot up your laptop. You have checked the service in the Windows Services tool and verified it is set to Automatic. What should you attempt to do NEXT to get the service to startup?

Restore from backup
Reboot into Safe Mode and see if the service starts
Update the OS
Run chkdsk on the System

Answer 7

Reboot into Safe mode and see if the service starts

Explanation:
Windows Services typically start when the computer is booted and run quietly in the background until it is shut down. For the Windows operating system to run smoothly, Windows Services must start when required. Many times, non-Microsoft services or Drivers can interfere with the proper functioning of System Services. If you boot into Safe Mode, this will load the operating system with the most basic set of drivers, and this could identify if there is a conflict causing the service start failure.

Question 8

• A user contacts the service desk after they just finished attempting to upgrade their laptop to Windows 10. The upgrade failed, and the user asks you to explain why. Which of the following log files should you review to determine the cause of the upgrade failure?

Setup
Application Log
Security Log
System Log

Answer 8

Setup

Explanation:
The event viewer shows a log of application and system messages, including errors, information messages, and warnings. It’s a useful tool for troubleshooting all kinds of different Windows problems. The setup log contains a record of the events generated during the Windows installation or upgrade process. The file (setup.evtx) is stored in the %System Root%\System32\Winevt\Logs\ folder and can be opened using the Event Viewer.

The application log contains information regarding application errors. The file (application.evtx) is stored in the %System Root%\System32\Winevt\Logs\ folder and can be opened using the Event Viewer.

The system log contains information about service load failures, hardware conflicts, driver load failures, and more. The file (system.evtx) is stored in the %System Root%\System32\Winevt\Logs\ folder and can be opened using the Event Viewer.

The security log contains information regarding audit data and security on a system. For example, the security log contains a list of every successful and failed login attempt. The file (security.evtx) is stored in the %System Root%\System32\Winevt\Logs\ folder and can be opened using the Event Viewer.

Question 9

• A printing company uses an isolated Windows XP workstation to print out large format banners for its customers on a custom printer. Unfortunately, the printer does not support newer versions of Windows and would cost $50,000 to replace it. To mitigate this risk, the workstation is not connected to the internet or a local area network. When a customer needs a banner printer, the technician takes a copy of their PDF file and moves it to the Windows XP workstation using a USB thumb drive. The workstation recently became infected with malware when printing a customer’s file. The technician remediated the issue, but the workstation became infected again three weeks later. Which of the following actions did the technician forget to perform?

Manually update the antivirus on the workstation and set it to perform on-access scans.
Perform a data wipe operation on the USB thumb drive before its next use
Connect the workstation to the Internet and receive the latest Windows XP patches
Disable System Restore and remove the previous restore points

Answer 9

Manually update the antivirus on the workstation and set it to perform on-access scans

Explanation:
This is a legacy workstation since it is running Windows XP. Since Windows XP is considered end-of-life, there are no security patches or updates available for it. To mitigate this risk, the workstation should be run only as an isolated workstation. Since the workstation is not connected to a network and receives files through the connection of a USB thumb drive, this would be the only way a piece of malware could enter the system. The technician most likely neglected to update the antivirus/antimalware software on this workstation during the remediation. The technician should manually update the antivirus/antimalware definitions weekly. The workstation should also be configured to conduct on-access/on-demand scanning, as well.

Question 10

• Your boss has asked you to write a script that will copy all of the files from one hard drive to another each evening. This script should mirror the directories from one drive to the other and ensure they are synchronized each evening. Which command-line tool should you use in your script?

xcopy
cp
robocopy
copy

Answer 10

robcopy

Explanation:
The robocopy tool is used to mirror or synchronize directories and their contents. Robocopy will check the destination directory and remove files no longer in the main tree. It also checks the files in the destination directory against the files to be copied and doesn’t waste time copying unchanged files.

The xcopy tool, on the other hand, copies all of the files from one directory to another. To meet your boss’s requirements to synchronize the two hard drive’s contents, you must use robocopy since it will also remove files from the second drive that were removed from the first drive, too.

The copy command is used to copy one or more files from one location to another. The copy command cannot copy files that are 0 bytes long or for copying all of a directory’s files and subdirectories.

The cp command is used in Linux to copy one or more files and directories from one location to another.

Question 11

• You are working on a Windows 10 workstation with a 1 TB HDD and 16 GB of memory that is operating slowly when reading large files from its storage device. Which of the following commands should you use to speed up this workstation?

ipconfig
format
chkdsk
diskpart

Answer 11

chkdsk

Explanation:
The chkdsk command is used to check the file system and file system metadata of a volume for logical and physical errors. If used without parameters, chkdsk displays only the status of the volume and does not fix any errors. If used with the /f, /r, /x, or /b parameters, it fixes errors on the volume.

The format command creates a new root directory and file system for the disk. It can check for bad areas on the disk, and it can delete all data on the disk. To use a new disk, you must first use the format command to format the disk.

The diskpart command is a command-line disk-partitioning utility available for Windows that is used to view, create, delete, and modify a computer’s disk partitions.

The ipconfig tool displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values on a given system.

Question 12

• Which of the following is required for evidence to be admissible in a court of law?

Right to Audit
Order of Volatility
Chain of Custody
Legal Hold

Answer 12

Chain of Custody

Explanation:
Chain of custody forms list every person who has worked with or who has touched the evidence that is a part of an investigation. These forms record every action taken by each individual in possession of the evidence. Depending on the organization’s procedures, manipulation of evidence may require an additional person to act as a witness to verify whatever action is being taken.

A legal hold is a process that an organization uses to preserve all forms of potentially relevant information when litigation is pending or reasonably anticipated.

A right to audit is a clause in a contract or service agreement that allows a company the authority to audit the systems and information processed.

Order of volatility refers to the order in which you should collect evidence.

Question 13

An attacker is using a precomputed table of values to attempt to crack your Windows password. What type of password attack is this?

Brute-Force
Hybrid
Rainbow Table
Dictionary

Answer 13

Rainbow Table

Explanation:
A rainbow table is a tool for speeding up attacks against Windows passwords by precomputing possible hashes. A rainbow table is used to authenticate users by comparing the hash value of the entered password against the one stored in the rainbow table. Using a rainbow table makes password cracking a lot faster and easier for an attacker.

A dictionary attack is a technique for defeating a cipher or authentication mechanism by trying to determine its decryption key or passphrase by trying hundreds or sometimes millions of likely possibilities, such as words in a dictionary.

A brute-force attack consists of an attacker submitting many passwords or passphrases with the hope of eventually guessing correctly.

A hybrid attack combines a dictionary list with the ability to add brute-force combinations to crack a password that is slightly different than the dictionary list entry.

Question 14

Which type of authentication method is commonly used with physical access control systems and relies upon RFID devices embedded into a token?

HOTP
Smart Cards
TOTP
Proximity Cards

Answer 14

Proximity Cards

Explanation:
A proximity card is a contactless card that usually utilizes RFID to communicate with the reader on a physical access system. These are commonly used to access secured rooms (such as server rooms) or even a building itself (such as at an access control vestibule).

Some smart cards contain proximity cards within them, but the best answer to this question is proximity cards since that is the function of the smart card would be the device used to meet this scenario’s requirements.

An HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) is a one-time password algorithm based on hash-based message authentication codes.

A Time-based one-time password (TOTP) is a computer algorithm that generates a one-time password that uses the current time as a source of uniqueness.

Question 15

A user’s workstation is infected with malware. You have quarantined it from the network. When you attempt to boot it to the Windows 10 desktop, it fails. Which of the following should you do NEXT to begin remediating this system?

Restart into Safe Mode and conduct an antivirus scan
Disable System Restore and reinstall Windows 10
Restore the workstation from the last system restore point
Format the workstation and reinstall Windows 10

Answer 15

Restart into Safe mode and conduct an antivirus scan

Question 16

A home user brought their Windows 10 laptop to the electronics store where you work. They claim their computer has become infected with malware. You begin troubleshooting the issue by first pressing the power button, and the laptop loads properly without any issues. When you open Microsoft Edge, you notice that multiple pop-ups appear almost immediately. Which of the following actions should you take NEXT?

Reinstall or reimage the operating system
Quarantine the machine and report it as infected to your company’s cybersecurity department for investigation
Clear the browser’s cookies and history, enable the pop-up blocker, and scan the system for malware
Document the pop-ups displayed and take screenshots

Answer 16

Clear the browser’s cookies and history, enable the pop-up blocker, and scan the system for malware

Question 17

Which version of Windows supports Virtual Desktops?

Windows 7
Windows 10
Windows 8
Windows 8.1

Answer 17

Windows 10

Question 18

Which of the following remote access protocols should you use to connect to a Windows 2019 server and control it with your mouse and keyboard from your workstation?

Telnet
SSH
VNC
RDP

Answer 18

RDP

Explanation:
The RDP (remote desktop protocol) is a Windows feature that allows a remote user to initiate a connection at any time and sign on to the local machine using an authorized account. This connection allows a Windows administrator to see and control what is on a remote computer's screen. RDP authentication and session data are always encrypted. This means that a malicious user with access to the same network cannot intercept credentials or interfere or capture anything transmitted during the session. 

Secure Shell (SSH) uses port 22 to securely create communication sessions over the Internet for remote access to a server or system.

Telnet uses port 23 to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection but sends its data in plaintext making it an insecure protocol.

Virtual Network Computing (VNC) is a cross-platform screen sharing system that was created to remotely control another computer from a distance by a remote user from a secondary device as though they were sitting right in front of it.

Question 19

You are working as a military defense contractor and have been asked to dispose of 5 laptop hard drives used in systems that processed classified information. Which of the following physical data destruction and disposal methods is MOST appropriate to ensure the data cannot be recovered?

Low-level formatting of the HDDs
Standard formatting of the HDDs
Drill/Hammer the HDD Platters
Degaussing the HDDs

Answer 19

Degaussing the HDDs

Question 20

A user is complaining that when they attempt to access Google’s homepage, it appears in a foreign language even though they are located in the United States. The user claims they are not using a VPN to access the internet. You have run a full anti-malware scan on the workstation and detected nothing unusual. Which of the following actions should you attempt NEXT?

Download the latest security updates for Windows
Verify the user’s date and timezone are correctly listed in Windows
Disable the Windows Firewall
Remove any proxy servers configured in their web browser

Answer 20

Remove any proxy servers configured in their web browser

Question 21

You are troubleshooting a network printer when a document is printed with sensitive employee data on it. Which of the following actions should you take?

Leave the document in the output tray
Continue to troubleshoot the printer
Take the document to the Office Manager
Remove the document and shred it

Answer 21

Take the document to the office manager

Question 22

Your company wants to provide a secure SSO solution for accessing both the corporate wireless network and its network resources. Which of the following technologies should be used?

WPA2
RADIUS
WEP
WPS

Answer 22

RADIUS

Explanation:
With RADIUS and SSO configured, users on the network can provide their user credentials one time when they initially connect to the wireless access point or another RADIUS client and are then automatically authenticated to all of the network’s resources. The Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service (RADIUS) is used to manage remote and wireless authentication infrastructure. Users supply authentication information to RADIUS client devices, such as wireless access points. The client device then passes the authentication data to an AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) server that processes the request. The Terminal Access Controller Access Control System (TACACS+) is a proprietary alternative to RADIUS developed by Cisco for handling authentication.

The Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) is a mechanism for auto-configuring a WLAN securely for home users. On compatible equipment, users push a button on the access point and connect adapters to associate them securely. WPS is subject to brute force attacks against the PIN used to secure them, making them vulnerable to attack.

Wired equivalent privacy (WEP) is an older mechanism for encrypting data sent over a wireless connection. WEP is considered vulnerable to attacks that can break its encryption. WEP relies on the use of a 24-bit initialization vector to secure its preshared key.

Wi-Fi protected access version 2 (WPA2) replaced the original version of WPA after the completion of the 802.11i security standard. WPA2 features an improved method of key distribution and authentication for enterprise networks, though the pre-shared key method is still available for home and small office networks. WPA2 uses the improved AES cipher with counter mode with cipher-block chaining message authentication protocol (CCMP) for encryption.

Question 23

A customer runs frantically into your computer repair store. He says that his smartphone fell into a puddle, and now it won’t turn on. He excitedly tells you that he needs the smartphone working again “right now” and cannot wait. What should you do?

Post about the experience on Facebook after the customer leaves
Explain to the customer that the repairs may take several days
Offer the customer the option to replace his phone
Tell the customer to calm down because it is just a phone

Answer 23

Offer the customer the option to replace his phone

Question 24

Dion Training’s offices are frequently experiencing under-voltage events, sags, and power failures. Which of the following solutions would protect their servers from these issues?

Line Conditioner
Uninterruptible Power Supply
Diesel Generator
Surge Suppressor

Answer 24

Uninterruptible Power Supply

Explanation: (My Take)
KEY words was “Power Failures”

Question 25

A company owns four kiosks that are near a shopping center. The owner is concerned about someone accessing the Internet via the kiosk’s wireless network. What should be implemented to provide wireless access only to the employees working at the kiosk?

Firewall
MAC Filtering
Host-Based Antivirus
Web Filtering

Answer 25

MAC Filtering

Question 26

Your company’s Security Operations Center (SOC) is currently detecting an ongoing DDoS attack against your network’s file server. A cybersecurity analyst has identified forty internal workstations on the network conducting the attack against your network’s file server. The cybersecurity analyst believes these internal workstations are infected with malware and places them into a quarantined network area. The analyst then submits a service desk ticket to have the workstations scanned and cleaned of the infection. What type of malware was the workstation likely a victim of based on the scenario provided?

Spyware
Ransomware
Botnet
Rootkit

Answer 26

Botnet

Explanation:
A botnet is many internet-connected devices, each of which is running one or more bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data, send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection. A zombie (also known as a bot) is a computer or workstation that a remote attacker has accessed and set up to forward transmissions (including spam and viruses) to other computers on the internet.

Spyware is software with malicious behavior that aims to gather information about a person or organization and send it to another entity in a way that harms the user.

Ransomware is a type of malware that threatens to publish the victim’s personal data or perpetually block access to it unless a ransom is paid.

A rootkit is a clandestine computer program designed to provide continued privileged access to a computer while actively hiding its presence.

Question 27

Your smartphone just displayed a notification stating that a new pair of headphones has connected to your device. Which of the following threats is this an example of?

Unintended Bluetooth Pairing
Unauthorized Microphone Activation
Unauthorized Account Access
Unauthorized Location Tracking

Answer 27

Unintended Bluetooth Pairing

Question 28

A company owns four kiosks that are near a shopping center. The owner is concerned about someone accessing the Internet via the kiosk’s wireless network. What should be implemented to provide wireless access only to the employees working at the kiosk?

MAC Filtering
Host-Based Antivirus
Web Filtering
Firewall

Answer 28

MAC Filtering

Question 29

Which command-line tool is used on a Unix/Linux system to move upward on a directory in the system’s directory structure?

cd ..
ls
cd .
dir

Answer 29

cd ..

Question 30

Which of the following ports should you block at the firewall if you want to prevent a remote login to a server from occurring?

443
23
25
110

Answer 30

23

Question 31

Which type of installation would require an answer file to install the operating system?

Repair
Unattended
Clean
Upgrade

Answer 31

Unattended

Question 32

A small business recently experienced a catastrophic data loss due to flooding from a recent hurricane. The customer had no backups, and flooding destroyed all of the hardware associated with the small business. As part of the rebuilding process, the small business contracts with your company to help create a disaster recovery plan to ensure this never reoccurs again. Which of the following recommendations should you include as part of the disaster recovery plan?

Backups should be conducted to a cloud-based storage solution
Local backups should be verified weekly to ensure no data loss occurs
Local backups should be conducted
Purchase waterproof devices to prevent data loss

Answer 32

Backups should be conducted to a cloud-based storage solution

Question 33

Which of the following is categorized as an APIPA address?

8. 8.8.8
9. 254.12.64
10. 30.15.12
11. 168.1.123

Answer 33

169.254.12.64

Question 34

You are troubleshooting a computer that plays a loud chime noise every day at 3 pm. Which of the following tools should you use to troubleshoot this workstation?

Performance Monitor
Device Manager
Task Scheduler
MSConfig

Answer 34

Task Scheduler

Question 35

A technician is troubleshooting a newly installed WAP that is sporadically dropping connections to devices on the network. Which of the following should the technician check FIRST during troubleshooting?

WAP SSID
WAP Placement
Encryption Type
Bandwidth Saturation

Answer 35

WAP Placement

Question 36

Which command-line tool is used on a Windows system to move upward in a directory within the system’s directory structure?

dir
cd .
cd ..
ls

Answer 36

cd ..

Question 37

You are working as a desktop repair technician for a large corporation. The company uses the exact same desktop hardware for all of its user’s workstations. Today, you have received multiple calls from users complaining that their screen becomes filled with static when moving their mouse. You noticed that the systems all received a security patch and other updates from the Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Management (MECM) server last night. Which of the following actions should you take to resolve this issue?

Use SFC to ensure all system files are correct and not corrupted
Reboot the system into Safe Mode and allow the user to continue their work
Disable the DirectX service in the services.msc
Rollback the Video Card Driver and wait for a new driver to be released

Answer 37

Rollback the Video Card Driver and wait for a new driver to be released

Question 38

Jason’s company issued him an old 2018 laptop with an internal hardware security key that he uses to connect to his office network over a VPN while traveling. Without this laptop, Jason cannot access his company’s internal servers, email, or share drive files. The Windows 10 laptop is extremely slow, and the screen recently cracked and needs to be replaced. When Jason returns to the company’s headquarters, the company will provide him with a new laptop due to the broken screen. Until then, he is working out of his hotel room during a 45-day business trip and needs to continue using this laptop. Jason brings the laptop to the computer store you work at and asks for your assistance. Which of the following do you recommend?

Replace the display and charge him for the parts/installation
Sell him an external 15” tablet/monitor to connect to the laptop as a workaround
Replace the display and contact the manufacturer for reimbursement
Purchase a new laptop as the cost to repair might be more than a new laptop

Answer 38

Sell him an external 15” tablet/monitor to connect to the laptop as a workaround

Question 39

Which of the following types of installations would require the use of an XML text file containing the instructions that the Windows Setup program would need to complete the installation?

Repair Installation
Remote Network Installation
In-Place Upgrade
Unattended Installation

Answer 39

Unattended Installation

Question 40

What is the name of a program that monitors user activity and sends that information to someone else?

Spyware
Rootkit
Keylogger
Virus

Answer 40

Spyware

Question 41

Which of the following types of screen locks uses a biometric authentication system to prevent access to a mobile device?

Pattern Lock
Swipe
TouchID
Passcode

Answer 41

TouchID

Question 42

A client contacts the service desk and complains that their smartphone is warm to the touch and their battery only lasts 4 hours a day, not the 10 hours advertised by your company. You ask them for the status of several settings: Email (never), Maps (always), Calender (while using), Messages (while using), Photos (never), App Store (while using), Bank (while using), and Weather (while using). Based on the information provided, what should be changed to resolve this client’s problem?

Change the Email setting to while using
Change the Maps setting to while using
Change the Weather setting to always
Change the App Store to never

Answer 42

Change the Map setting to while using

Question 43

Nicole’s smartphone works fine when she is at work or the mall, but she has limited bandwidth on the device when she is in her apartment building. Nicole has asked you to help her. What is the FIRST step you should take in troubleshooting this issue?

Reset the smartphone’s wireless network settings
Reset the data usage statistics on the smartphone
Update the smartphone’s applications or OS
Verify the smartphone has adequate signal strength

Answer 43

Verify the smartphone has adequate signal strength

Question 44

Which of the following Windows 10 system utilities would be used to test the functionality of the DirectX subsystem for video and sound-related problems?

taskschd
eventvwr
dxdiag
msinfo32

Answer 44

dxdiag

Question 45

You need to move a 75-pound box with a rack-mounted UPS in it. Which of the following actions should you take?

Lift with your legs and not your back
Lift with your back and not your legs
Ask a coworker to team lift it with you
Open the box and carry up the UPS in pieces

Answer 45

Ask a coworker to team lift it with you

Explanation: (My Take)
Anything over 50 lbs requires a Team Lift.

Question 46

You are trying to copy a 4.7 GB file from your Windows laptop to an external hard drive using USB 3. The external hard drive is formatted with FAT32. Every time you attempt this copy, you receive an error. What is MOST likely the issue?

The external hard drive must be formatted as APFS to support this transfer
Files over 4GB cannot be stored on a FAT32 formatted drive
The laptop must be reformatted as FAT32 to support this transfer
USB 3 is too slow to transfer a file this large

Answer 46

Files over 4GB cannot be stored on a FAT32 formatted drive.

Explanation:
Since this file is 4.7 GB in size, it cannot be stored as a single file on the FAT32 hard drive. The file allocation table 32-bit (FAT32) is the 32-bit file system supported by Windows, macOS, and
Linux computers. FAT32 can support maximum volume sizes of up to 2 TB and maximum file sizes of up to 4 GB.

The Apple file system (APFS) is the default file system for Mac computers using macOS 10.13 or later and features strong encryption, space sharing, snapshots, fast directory sizing, and improved file system fundamentals.

Question 47

Your company is concerned about the possibility of power fluctuations that may occur and cause a small increase in the input power to their server room. What condition is this known as?

Power Failure
Power Spikes
Power Surge
Under-Voltage Event

Answer 47

Power Surge

Explanation: (My Take)
Surges are Smaller and longer duration.
Spikes are HUGE and shorter duration.

Question 48

Which of the following types of software CANNOT be updated via the Windows Update program?

Firmware Updates
Security Patches
Driver Updates
Critical Fixes

Answer 48

Firmware Updates

Question 49

You have connected your laptop to the network using a CAT 5e cable but received an IP address of 169.254.13.52 and cannot connect to www.DionTraining.com. What is most likely the cause of this issue?

Duplicate IP Address
Poisoned ARP Cache
Failed DNS Resolution
DHCP Failure

Answer 49

DHCP Failure

Question 50

You are configuring a wireless access point (WAP) in a large apartment building for a home user. The home user is concerned that their neighbor may try to connect to their Wi-Fi and wants to prevent it. Which THREE of the following actions should you perform to increase the wireless network’s security?

Disable the SSID Broadcast
Reduce the Channel Availability
Enable WPA3 Encryption
Enable WEP Encryption
Reduce the transmission power
Disable the DHCP Server

Answer 50

Disable the SSID Broadcast
Enable WPA3 Encryption
Reduce the transmission power

Question 51

Which of the following is the LEAST secure wireless security and encryption protocol?

WPA
WPA3
WEP
WPA2

Answer 51

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)

Explanation:
WPA = WIFI Protected Access

Question 52

The network administrator noticed that the border router has high network capacity loading during non-working hours. This excessive load is causing outages for the company’s web servers. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the issue?

Evil Twin
ARP Spoofing
Distributed DoS
Session Hijacking

Answer 52

Distributed DoS

Question 53

Which file system type is used to mount remote storage devices on a Linux system?

APFS
exFAT
NFS
NTFS

Answer 53

NFS (Network File System)

Question 54

Samuel’s computer is taking a very long time to boot up, and he has asked for your help speeding it up. Which TWO of the following actions should you perform to BEST resolve this issue with the least amount of expense?

Install additional RAM
Remove unnecessary applications from startup
Perform a Disk Cleanup
Defragment the Hard Drive
Terminate processes in the Task Manager
Replace the Hard Drive with an SSD

Answer 54

Remove unnecessary applications from startup

Defragment the Hard Drive

Question 55

A customer brought in a computer that has been infected with a virus. Since the infection, the computer began redirecting all three of the system’s web browsers to a series of malicious websites whenever a valid website is requested. You quarantined the system, disabled the system restore, and then perform the remediation to remove the malware. You have scanned the machine with several anti-virus and anti-malware programs and determined it is now cleaned of all malware. You attempt to test the web browsers again, but a small number of valid websites are still being redirected to a malicious website. Luckily, the updated anti-virus you installed blocked any new malware from infecting the system. Which of the following actions should you perform NEXT to fix the redirection issue with the browsers?

Verify the hosts.ini file has not been maliciously modified
Install a secondary anti-malware solution on the system
Perform a System Restore to an earlier date before the infection
Reformat the system and reinstall the OS

Answer 55

Verify the hosts.ini file has not been maliciously modified

Question 56

Which command is used in the Linux terminal to change the permissions of a file?

chown
sudo
pwd
chmod

Answer 56

chmod

Question 57

Which of the following is an APIPA or link-local address?

192. 168.1.34
193. 52.7.83
194. 254.64.23
195. 0.0.1

Answer 57

169.254.64.23

Question 58

A user’s workstation is opening up browser windows without any action from the user. A technician attempts to troubleshoot the workstation, but the machine is extremely slow when in use. Which of the following actions should the technician perform?

Format and reinstall the OS
Enable the pop-up blocker in the web browser
Perform an anti-malware scan of the workstation
Update the Windows OS

Answer 58

Perform an anti-malware scan of the workstation

Question 59

A smartphone user notices that their phone gets very hot, and their battery is draining quickly. Even when the phone is in their pocket, the phone gets hot to the touch. What is likely the problem?

The smartphone is infected with malware and is using alot of processing power
The charging port is faulty
The touchscreen is faulty
The battery is depleted

Answer 59

The smartphone is infected with malware and is using alot of processing power

Question 60

Your company is setting up a system to accept credit cards in their retail and online locations. Which of the following compliance types should you be MOST concerned with dealing with credit cards?

PII
PHI
GDPR
PCI-DSS

Answer 60

PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard)

Question 61

Which of the following should you use to configure a network adapter’s duplex setting manually in Windows 10?

Internet Option
System
Windows Defender Firewall
Device Manager

Answer 61

Device Manager

Question 62

The administrator would like to use the strongest encryption level possible using PSK without utilizing an additional authentication server. What encryption type should be implemented?

WEP
WPA2 Enterprise
MAC Filtering
WPA Personal

Answer 62

WPA Personal

Explanation: (My Take)
WPA/WPA Personal = PSK (PreShared Key)
WPA2 = AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
WEP = IV (Initialization Vector)
WPA/WPA2 = TKIP

Question 63

You have just installed a second monitor for a bookkeeper’s workstation so they can stretch their spreadsheets across both monitors. This would essentially let them use the two monitors as one combined larger monitor. Which of the following settings should you configure?

Refresh Rate
Extended Mode
Resolution
Color Depht

Answer 63

Extended Mode

Question 64

A cybersecurity analyst notices that an attacker is trying to crack the WPS pin associated with a wireless printer. The device logs show that the attacker tried 00000000, 00000001, 00000002 and continued to increment by 1 number each time until they found the correct PIN of 13252342. Which of the following type of password cracking was being performed by the attacker?

Hybrid
Dictionary
Rainbow Table
Brute-Force

Answer 64

Brute-Force

Question 65

Dion Training has set up a lab consisting of 12 laptops for students to use outside of normal classroom hours. The instructor is worried that a student may try to steal one of the laptops. Which of the following physical security measures should be used to ensure the laptop is not stolen or moved out of the lab environment?

Cable Locks
Biometric Locks
Key Fob
USB Lock

Answer 65

Cable Locks

Question 66

You have been asked to classify a hospital’s medical records as a form of regulated data. Which of the following would BEST classify this type of data?

PII
PHI
GDPR
PCI

Answer 66

PHI (Personal Health Information)

Question 67

What does the command “shutdown /l” do on a Windows workstation?

Enter Sleep Mode
Log Off the Workstation
Shutdown the Workstation
Reboot the Workstation

Answer 67

Log Off the Workstation

Explanation:
shutdown /l = Log Off
shutdown /s = Shutdown
shutdown /r = Reboot
shutdown /h = Hibernate/Sleep

Question 68

Your company wants to ensure that users cannot access USB mass storage devices. You have conducted some research online and found that if you modify the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\UsbStor key, it will prevent USB storage devices from being used. Which of the following tools should you use to modify this key?

MMC
MSConfig
RDS
RegEdit

Answer 68

RegEdit

Question 69

Which of the following file types are commonly used by scripts in a web page?

.js
.ps1
.sh
.vbs

Answer 69

.js (JavaScript) = Web Scripting

Explanation:
.ps1 = PowerShell/Windows
.sh = Shell - Bash/Linux/macOS Scripts
.vbs = You can run Scripts in either Command-Line or Windows GUI.

Question 70

Jason is out of town on a business trip and needs to access the share drive on his company’s corporate network. Which of the following types of network connections should he use to access the share drive from his hotel room?

Wired
Wireless
Dial-Up
VPN

Answer 70

VPN

Question 71

Which of the following commands is used on a Linux system to run a program with another user’s permissions?

passwd
sudo
chown
grep

Answer 71

sudo

Question 72

Which of the following should be used to uniquely identify every piece of hardware installed on the corporate network, including servers, desktops, laptops, printers, and monitors?

AssetID
MAC Address
IP Address
Location

Answer 72

AssetID

Explanation: (My Take)
KEY word “Monitors”, Monitors don’t have MAC Addresses or IP Addresses. They will have an AssetID usually in most companies.

Question 73

You are assisting a network administrator with updating the firmware of a Cisco iOS-based router. This router is the only border router for your organization, and it connects them to the internet. A request for change (RFC) is being written and contains the purpose, plan, scope, and risk analysis of the proposed change. Which of the following should be added to the RFC before its approval?

Update the asset management database with the new router’s asset ID
Document a backout plan if the update is not successful
Extend the maintenance window from 1 hour to 8 hours
Configure a secondary route during the maintenance window

Answer 73

Document a backout plan if the update is not successful

Question 74

An employee at Dion Training complains that their smartphone is broken. They state that it cannot connect to the internet, nor can it make or receive phone calls and text messages. You ask them to start up the music player on his phone, and it opens without any issues. It appears the common issue has to do with the device’s network connectivity. Which of the following is MOST likely the problem with this smartphone?

The cellular radio in it is broken
The Bluetooth connection is disabled
Airplane mode is enabled on the device
The VPN password was entered incorrectly

Answer 74

Airplane mode is enabled on the device

Question 75

Madison is trying to open up her anti-malware solution to run a full system scan because she suspects her computer has become infected. When she attempts to run the tool, an error of “Access denied” is received. What security issue is MOST likely occurring?

File Permission Change
Rogue Anti-Virus
Disappearing Files
Renamed System Files

Answer 75

File Permission Change

Question 76

Jennifer decided that the licensing cost for a piece of video editing software was too expensive. Instead, she decided to download a keygen program to generate a license key and install a pirated version of the editing software. After she runs the keygen, a license key is created, but her system performance becomes very sluggish, and her antimalware suite begins to display numerous alerts. Which type of malware might her computer be infected with?

Adware
Logic Bomb
Trojan
Worm

Answer 76

Trojan

Question 77

Which of the following commands is used on a Linux system to display the current working directory’s full pathname to the screen?

passwd
pwd
chmod
chown

Answer 77

pwd

Question 78

What anti-malware solution is installed as a dedicated on-premise appliance to scan all incoming traffic and prevent malware from being installed on any of your clients without requiring the installation of any software on your clients?

Signature-based Anti-Malware
Cloud-based Anti-Malware
Network-based Anti-Malware
Host-based Anti-Malware

Answer 78

Network-based Anti-Malware

Question 79

Your company wants to get rid of some old paper files. The files contain PII from previous customers, including their names, birth dates, and social security numbers. Which of the following are the appropriate data destruction and disposal techniques that should be utilized for these papers?

Cross-Cut Shredder
Strip-Cut Shredder
Recycling Bin
Micro-Cut Shredder

Answer 79

Micro-Cut Shredder

Question 80

Which of the following file types are commonly used to create simple scripts in the Windows command-line environment?

.bat
.py
.sh
.js

Answer 80

.bat

Explanation: (My Take)
.py = Python
.sh = Shell, Bash - Linux/macOS
.js = JavaScript (Web Scripting)
.bat = Batch Scripts in Windows

Question 81

You recently read a news article about a new crypto-malware worm that is causing issues for corporate networks. Today, you noticed that four of your company’s workstations had their files encrypted. You are worried about the rest of the network’s workstations. What should you do FIRST?

Perform a full disk antimalware scan on the affected workstations
Immediately quarantine the affected workstations
Update the antimalware scanner’s signatures on all workstations
Format the affected workstation’s hard drives and reinstall Windows

Answer 81

Immediately quarantine the affected workstations

Question 82

Mark’s laptop is running Windows 10 and appears to become slower and slower over time with use. You decide to check the current CPU utilization and observe that it remains in the 95% to 100% range fairly consistently. You close three of Mark’s open applications and recheck the CPU utilization. You notice the utilization dropped to the 30% to 35% range. A week later, Mark calls you again and says the computer is extremely slow. Which of the following tools can you use to check the CPU utilization and manage any high-resource processes?

Taks Manager
MSConfig
PerfMon
RDS

Answer 82

Task Manager

Question 83

When Jason needs to log in to his bank, he must use a key fob to generate a random number code automatically synchronized to a code on the server for authentication. What type of device is Jason using to log in?

Smart Card
Hardware Token
PIV Card
Biometric Lock

Answer 83

Hardware Token

Question 84

A Windows laptop is malfunctioning, and you believe that some system files are missing or corrupted. Which of the following commands should you use to verify this and, if needed, repair the files?

SFC
Xcopy
gpupdate
chkdsk

Answer 84

SFC (System File Checker)

Question 85

Which command-line tool could you use on a Windows system to enable an inactive administrator account?

gpresult
net user
taskkill
robocopy

Answer 85

net user

Question 86

Which command-line tool is used on a Linux system to display a list of the files and directories within the current path?

ls
sfc
chkdsk
pwd

Answer 86

ls

Question 87

Which of the following should you use to remove any usernames and passwords that you no longer wish to store in Windows 10?

Keychain
Internet Options
Device Manager
Credential Manager

Answer 87

Credential Manager

Question 88

Your Android device’s battery is advertised to last 12 hours, but it drains almost completely within 90 minutes. What should you do FIRST to try and solve this problem?

Dim your phone’s display
Reboot your phone
Enable airplane mode to save battery
Check which apps are using the most battery life

Answer 88

Check which apps are using the most battery life

Question 89

You are troubleshooting an issue with a Windows desktop and need to display the machine’s active TCP connections. Which of the following commands should you use?

netstat
net use
ping
ipconfig

Answer 89

netstat

Question 90

An increased amount of web traffic to an e-commerce server is observed by a network administrator but without increasing the number of financial transactions. Which kind of attack might the company be experiencing?

DoS
Phishing
ARP Spoofing
Bluejacking

Answer 90

DoS