Jarvis Chapter 4

Question 0

What are the five tasks one needs to preform for a successful interview?

Answer 0

1. Gather complete and accurate data bout the patient’s health state
2. Establish rapport and trust, convey respect
3. Teach patient about their health status so they can participate in identification of problems
4. Build rapport
5. Look for opportunities to engage in teaching g for health promotion and disease prevention

Question 1

What is the goal of the interview?

Answer 1

To record a complete health history!

Collection of subjective data

Also an opportunity to build trust, establish rapport, and engage in relational practice.

Question 2

If the interview is a form of contract, what are the terms?

Answer 2

Time and place
Introduction of you and your role
Purpose of interview 
How long it will take
An indication of what will occur in the interview
Presence of any other people, if any
Confidentiality and to what extent it may be limited
Any other info

Question 3

What is communication?

Answer 3

An exchange of information so that each person understands the other

Question 4

Nonverbal communication

Answer 4

Under less conscious control than verbal communication

More reflective of your true feelings

Question 5

Communications Skills for Relational Practice

Answer 5

Unconditional Positive Regard

Empathy

Active Listening

Question 6

How should you attend to the physical setting of the interview?

Answer 6

Ensure privacy
Precise interruptions
Set temperature to comfortable level
Provide sufficient lighting
Reduce Noise
Remove distracting objects or equipment
Make the distance between you and patient about 1.5 meters
Arrange equal-status sitting, ideally at 90 degrees to one another and without a desk or table between
Avoids standing over patient as it communicates haste and superiority
Face to face, even with bed ridden patients

Question 7

Tell me about taking notes during the interview

Answer 7

Be sure to tell patient you may be taking notes to keep track of information

Avoid taking too many notes: it breaks eye contact too often, shifts attention away from patient, can be threatening, impedes observation of nonverbal behaviour and can interrupt flow of interview

Question 8

What are the parts of the interviews?

Answer 8

Introduction
Working phase
Closing

Question 9

Introduction during interview

Answer 9

Brief

Introduce yourself, your role in the agency, give the reason for the interview

Question 10

The working phase of the interview

Answer 10

The data gathering phase of the interview

Use open and closed ended questions appropriately

Question 11

Open-Ended Questions

Answer 11

Ask for narrative information

Often the initial answer will be brief, use silence or an encouraging question like any thing else? Or can you tell me more about that?

Question 12

What is the difference between listening to and listening for?

Answer 12

Listening to involves attending to how people describe their health concerns in the larger context of their lives, observing nonverbal communication, and understanding their beliefs about health and illness

Listening for involves learning what is of particular concern to patients and families, observing the emotions that people convey, discerning the capacities and strengths they have

Question 13

Closed or direct questions

Answer 13

Ask for specific information

One or two word answers or yes/no

Good for filling in specific details and facts

Question 14

Nine types of verbal responses

Answer 14

Facilitation
Silence
Reflection
Empathy
Clarification
Confrontation
Interpretation
Explanation
Summary

Question 15

Which five of the verbal responses involve your reactions to facts or feelings the patient has?

Answer 15

Facilitation
Silence
Reflection
Empathy
Clarification

Question 16

Which four of the verbal responses involve your expression of your own thoughts or feelings?

Answer 16

Confrontation
Interpretation
Explanation
Summary

Question 17

Facilitation

Answer 17

Response that encourages patient to say more

Also called general leads

Statements like go on, please continue…

Question 18

Silence

Answer 18

A verbal response that is the absence of words.

Gives patient a chance to go on without leading

Question 19

Reflection

Answer 19

Echoes the patients words

Repeating part of what has just been said

Encourages elaboration

Question 20

Empathy

Answer 20

Expressing understanding

Question 21

Clarification

Answer 21

Summarizes patients words to clarify or asking for the patient to expand on something

Question 22

Confrontation

Answer 22

Use cautiously and only when merited

May focus on a discrepancy or patients affect (you said you feel sad, but you appear angry)

Based on things observed

Question 23

Interpretation

Answer 23

Based on your inference of conclusions

Question 24

Explanation

Answer 24

Sharing of factual and objective information with patient

Question 25

Summary

Answer 25

Final review of your understanding of what has been said

Signals termination is coming

Question 26

Ten traps of interviewing

Answer 26

1. Providing false assurance or reassurance
2. Giving unwanted advice
3. Using authority
4. Using avoidance language
5. Engaging in distancing
6. Using professional jargon
7. Using leading or biased questions
8. Talking too much
9. Interrupting
10. Using why questions

Question 27

What are the nonverbal skills or communicators

Answer 27

Physical appearance 
Posture
Gestures
Facial expressions
Eye contact
Voice
Touch

Question 28

Closing the interview

Answer 28

Don’t make it abrupt, ease into closing

Ask something like “is there anything else you would like to mention?” before wrapping up

Summarize final info, like next appointment, and thank the patient!

Question 29

When are parents present?

Answer 29

When a child is under six, much of the information will come from the parent

When over six, children will provide some, but not all the data

After about twelve, parents may or may not be present depending on situation