Jarvis Chapter 15 Ears

Question 1

auricle

Answer 1

external ear, aka pinna

Question 1

external auditory canal

Answer 1

the opening of the ear. is 2.5-3 cm long and terminates at the ear drum. lined with glands that secrete cerumen

Question 2

cerumen

Answer 2

a yellow, waxy material that lubricates and protects the ear

Question 3

tympanic membrane

Answer 3

separation of the external and middle ear. it is tilted obliquely to the ear canal, facing downward and somewhat forward. translucent with a pearly gray color and a prominent cone of light in the anteroinferior quadrant

Question 4

malleus

Answer 4

one of the bones from the middle ear, which pulls the tympanic membrane tightly over.

Question 5

umbo, manubrium, and short process

Answer 5

parts of the malleus that is shown through the tympanic membrane

Question 6

pars flaccida

Answer 6

the small, slack, and superior section of the tympanic membrane

Question 7

pars tensa

Answer 7

the thicker and more taut part of the tympanic membrane

Question 8

annulus

Answer 8

the outer fibrous rim of the tympanic membrane

Question 9

eustachian tube

Answer 9

connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx and allows the passage of air

Question 10

bony labyrinth

Answer 10

contained within the inner ear, this holds the sensory organs for equilibrium and hearing

Question 11

cochlea

Answer 11

the “snail shell” which contains the central hearing apparatus

Question 12

basilar membrane

Answer 12

in the cochlea, the source of the specific vibrations to each frequency of sound as noise passes over it.

Question 13

organ of corti

Answer 13

the sensory organ of hearing

Question 14

binaural interaction

Answer 14

the ability to locate the direction of a sound in space as well as identify the sound

Question 15

air conduction

Answer 15

the pathway of hearing that is more efficient.

Question 16

bone conduction

Answer 16

an alternate route of hearing. the bones of the skull vibrate

Question 17

conductive

Answer 17

hearing loss that involves a mechanical dysfunction of the external or middle ear. partial loss, the person can hear if the sound amplitude is enough to reach normal nerve elements in the inner ear. may be caused by impacted cerumen, foreign bodies, a perforated tympanic membrane, pus or serum in the middle ear, and otosclerosis

Question 18

sensorineural

Answer 18

a type of loss that signifies pathology of the inner ear, cranial nerve VIII, or the auditory areas of the cerebral cortex. may be caused by gradual nerve degeneration that occurs with aging, or ototoxic drugs, which affect the hair of the cochlea

Question 19

vertigo

Answer 19

the wrong information being sent by the labyrinth which creates a staggering gait and a strong, spinning, whirling sensation

Question 20

otosclerosis

Answer 20

a common cause of hearing loss in young adults. it is a gradual hardening that causes the foot plate of the stapes to become fixed in the oval window, impeding the transmission of sound and causing progressive deafness

Question 21

presbycusis

Answer 21

a type of hearing loss that occurs with aging. A gradual sensorineural loss caused by nerve degeneration in the inner or auditory ear

Question 22

otitis media

Answer 22

an infection that occurs because of obstruction of the eustachian tube and/or passage of nasopharyngeal secretions into the middle ear. aka middle ear infections