Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Jarvis Physical Assessment > Jarvis Chapter 12 Skin, Hair and Nails > Flashcards

Jarvis Chapter 12 Skin, Hair and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Linear or oval patch of hair loss along hair line from HAIR ROLLERS , TIGHT BRAIDING, tight ponytail, barrettes

A

Traumatic Alopecia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rounded, patchy hair loss on scalp.Usually seen in FARMERS ; highly contagious, may be transmitted by another person, by domestic animals, or from soil.

A

Tineas Capitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sudden appearance of a sharply circumscribed, ROUND or oval balding patch, usually with SMOOTH, soft, hairless skin underneath.

A

Alopecia areata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Regrowth occurs after illness or discontinuation of toxin. Mainly ocuur due to Chemo treatment.

A

Toxic Alopecia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Considered an AIDS-defining illness, this can occur at any stage of HIV infection

A

Sarcoma Caposi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Traumatic sel-induce hair loss usually the result of compulsive twisting or plucking.

A

Trichotillomania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Head Lice

A

Pediculosis Capitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Multiple pustules, “whiteheads,” with hair visible at CENTER and erythematous base. Usually on arms, legs, face, and buttocks

A

Folliculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Red, swollen, tender inflammation of the nails folds.

A

Paronychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Acute version is usually a bacterial infection; chronic version is most often a fungal infection from a break in the cuticle in those who perform “WET” work.

A

Paronychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A depression across the nail that extends down to the nail bed. Occurs with any trauma that temporarily impairs nail formation, such as acute illness, toxic reaction, or local trauma

A

Beau’s line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Red-brown linear STREAKS, embolic lesions, occur with subacute bacterial ENDOCARDITIS; also may occur with minor trauma

A

Splinter hemorrhages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Inner edge of nail elevates; nail bed angle is GREATER than 180 degrees.

A

Clubbing of the nails.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This is a slow, persistent fungal infection of fingernails and, more often, toenails, common in older adults.- Apearing in the NAIL PLATES

A

Onycholysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The inner basal cell layer of the epidermis that forms new skin cells. made up of keratin, the fibrous protein, melanin is interspersed along this layer

A

Stratum germinativum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the outer horny layer of the epidermis formed by the migrated, flattened cells of the basal layer. this layer consists of dead keratinized cells that are interwoven and closely packed.

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Protion of hair that is below the surface, embedded in the follicle

A

Root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Located in the expanded areas where the new cells are produced at a high rate

A

Bulb matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fine, faint hair that covers most of the body

A

Vellus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Darker, thicker hair that grows on the scalp and eyebrows and, after puberty, on the acillae, pubic area, and the face and chest in male

A

Terminal hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Oils and lubricates the skin and hair and forms an emulsion with water that retards water loss from the skin.

A

Sebum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Coiled tubules that open directly onto the skin surface and produce a dilute saline solution called sweat.

A

Eccrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Producers of a thick, milky secretion that opens directly into the hair follicles. located in the axillae, anogenital area, nipple, and naval

A

Apocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Become active during puberty, and are stimulated with emotion and sexual stimulation

A

Apocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

White opaque semilunar area at the proximal end of the nail.

A

Lanula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Fine downy hair of the newborn

A

Lanugo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Thick, cheesy substance present at birth that is made up of sebum and shed epithelial cells

A

Vernix Caseosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

An increased pigment in the areolae and nipples, vulva, and sometimes in the midline of the abdoment because of the change in hormone levels in pregnant women

A

Linea nigra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Increased pigmentation in the face because of a change in hormone levels in pregnant women also know as the “mask of pregnancy”

A

Chloasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

A dark red discolored area found in elderly because of their decreasing vascularity and increasing fragility of skin

A

Senile purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Itching

A

Pruritus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Complete absennce of melanin pigment in patchy areas of white or light skin on the face, neck, hands, feet, body folds, and around orifices

A

Vitiligo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

ephilides

A

Freckels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Mole

A

Nevus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Profuse perspiration

A

Diaphoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

A common variation in about half of newborns that causes yellowing of the skin, sclera, and mucus membranes

A

Physiological Jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Caused by increased sebaceous gland activity in adolescence, can include milder open/closed comedones (white and black heads),

A

Acne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Lesions that are raised, thickened aras of pigmentation that look crusted, scaly, and warty. there are many different forms, caused by/no relation to the amount of sun exposure, malignant or benign. common in older adults

A

Keratoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Acrochordons

A

Skin tags

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Raised yellow papules that have a central dpression. common on oler men’s foreheads, nose, or cheeks

A

Sebacceous hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

3 layers of the skin

A
  1. Epidermis
  2. Dermis
  3. Subcutaneus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Dermis is most made out of?

A

Connective Tissue or Collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Subcutaneous layer is made out of ?

A

Adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Wrinkling occour due to?

A

Loss of collagen, elastin, subcutaneous far, and a reduction of muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

subjective data about skin

A
  1. skin disease in family?
  2. change in pigmentation?
  3. change in mole?
  4. excessive dryness or moisture- seasonal or constant?
  5. pruritus?
  6. excessive bruising?
  7. rash or lesion
    8 medications
  8. hair loss
    10.change in nails
  9. environmental or occupational hazards
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

hypopigmentation

A

Loss od color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

hyperpigmentation

A

Increase of color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Oily

A

Seborrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Dry

A

Xerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Hair Loss

A

Alopecia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Hirsutism

A

Excessive hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

ABCDE

A
  1. asymmetry
  2. border irregularity
  3. color variation
  4. diameter greater than 6mm
  5. elevation or enlargement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Pallor

A

White, pale color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Red

55
Q

Blue

56
Q

Cyanosis indicates,

A

Hypoxemia, and occurs with shock, heart failure, chronic bronchitis, and congenital heart disease

57
Q

Lack of oxygen in the blood

58
Q

Accompanies central circulatory problems such as shock

A

General Hypothermia

59
Q

Occurs in peripheral arterial insufficiency and Raynauds disease

A

Localized Hypothermia

60
Q

Skin feels smoother and softer like velvet

A

Hyperthyroidism

61
Q

skin feels rough, dry and flaky

A

Hypothyroidism

62
Q

Very thin, shiny skin, occurs with arterial insuffeciency

63
Q

4 point scale for edema

A
  1. Mild, slight indentation
  2. Moderate pitting, indentation subsides rapidly
  3. Deep pitting, remains for a short time, leg looks swollen
  4. Very deep pitting, lasts a long time, leg very swollen.
64
Q

Consider local or peripheral cause ( deep vein thrombosis- dvt)

A

Unilateral edema

65
Q

Generalized all over the whole body…central problem such as heart or kidney failure.

A

Bilateral edema

66
Q

Skin ability to return to place promptly when released. evident in dehydration or extreme weight loss

67
Q

Literally hard skin

A

Scleroderma

68
Q

Traumatic or pathologic changes in perviously normal skin

A

Primary lesion

69
Q

When a legion changes over time because of a factor such as scratching or infection.

A

Secondary lesion

70
Q

Lesion documentation

A
  1. color
  2. elevation
  3. pattern
  4. size
  5. location
  6. exudate - note color or odor
71
Q

Hypertrophic scar, skin level is elevated by excess scar tissue most seen in african americans.

72
Q

Tiny punctuate hemorrhages 1-3mm, round and discrete; caused by bleeding in superficial capillaries, will not blanch

73
Q

Purplish patch resulting from extravasation of blood into the skin >3mm

A

Ecchymosis

74
Q

Confluent and extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymosis

75
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

76
Q

Erythemous papules and vesicles, weeping and oozing, crusts

A

Atopic dermatitis

77
Q

Red purple maculopapular blotchy rash; rash appears first behind the ears and spreads over face, then neck, trunk, arms, legs; looks coppery and will not blanch; Koplik spots in mouth (bluish, white red based elevations)

78
Q

Pink, papular rash (paler than measles), first appears on face and spreads; neck lymphadenopathy, no Koplik spots

79
Q

German Measles

80
Q

Small tight vesicles first appear on trunk then spread to face, arms, legs; “dewdrop on rose petal”; vesicles erupt and become pustules and crusts

A

Chickenpox

81
Q

Chickenpox

82
Q

Local inflammatory reaction to irritant/allergy; erythema first, then swelling, wheals/urticaria, maculopapular vesicles, scales; pruritis

A

Primary contact dermatitis

83
Q

“Althlete’s foot”, fungal infection, first appears are small vesicles between toes, sides of feet, grows scaly and hard

A

Tineas Pedis

84
Q

Cold Sores

A

Labial herpes simplex

85
Q

Herpes simplex virus (HSV); skin tingling and sensitivity; lesions erupts with tight vesicles followed by pustules and then produces acute gingivostomatitis with many shallow, painful ulcers; upper lip, oral mucosa

A

Labial herpes simplex

86
Q

Fine scaling round patches of pink, tan white than do not tan in sunlight, caused by a superficial fungal infection

A

Tinea versicolor

87
Q

Herpes Zoster

88
Q

Small, group vesicles emerge along route of cutaneous sensory nerve, then pustules, and crusts; caused by varicella zoster virus (reactivating chicken pox); acute appearance, unilateral, does not cross midline

A

Herpes Zoster

89
Q

Vascular tumor, multiple patch state early lesions are faint pink on the temple and beard area

A

HIV related Sarcoma Caposi

90
Q

Prolonged, intense scratching eventually thickens the skin and produces tightly packed sets of papules; looks like surface of moss (or lichen)

A

Lichenification

91
Q

Scaly plaques that are red-tan in color and tend to increase size and roughness overtime.

A

Actinic Keratosis (senile or solar)

92
Q

Raised yellow papules with a central depresion.

A

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

93
Q

Intact skin appears red but unbroken.

A

Stage I pressure ulcer

94
Q

Completely replaced every 4 weeks

95
Q

Skin Subjective data

A
  • Past history of skin disease
  • Change in pigmentation
  • Change in mole
  • Excessive dryness or moisture
  • Pruritus
  • Excessive brusing
  • Rash or lesion
  • Medications
  • Hair loss
  • Change in nails
  • Environmental hazards
  • Self-care behaviors
96
Q

Which skin lesion in older adults is precancerus.

A

Actinic Keratosis

97
Q

Partial thickness skin erosion with loss of epidermis or also dermis.

A

Stage II pressure Ulcer

98
Q

Function of the skin

A
  • Protection
  • Prevents penetration
  • Perception
  • Temperature regulation
  • Identification
  • Communication
  • Wound repair
  • Absorption and excretion
  • Production of vitamin D
99
Q

Dry skin, aging, drug reactions, allergies, obstructive jaundice, Uremia, lice.

100
Q

Single- chambered superficial lesion containing free fluid grater than 1cm in diameter.

101
Q

Most common skin problem in adolescences.

102
Q

Thin but tough

103
Q

Outer layer of the skin

104
Q

White spots on the nail plate

A

Leukonychia

105
Q

smooth, slighly raised bright red dots that commomnly appear on the trunk in all older than 30 year.

A

Cherry angioma

106
Q

Elevated cavity containing free fluid less than 1 cm in diameter

107
Q

Raised lesions that appear crusted, scaly and warty.

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

108
Q

Inner supportive layer of the skin

109
Q

Five common skin lesions in older adults

A
  1. Senile lentigines
  2. Seborrheic Keratosis
  3. Acrochordons
  4. Actinic Keratosis
  5. Sebbaceous Hyperplasia
110
Q

Full thickness pressure ulce extending to the subcutaneos tissue and resembling a crater

A

Stage III pressure ulcer

111
Q

Bilateral edema (generalized)

112
Q

The cells are bound tightly together into sheet that form a rugged protective barrier.

113
Q

Raised lesion

114
Q

Flat lesions

115
Q

Visible projecting part of the hair

116
Q

Hepatitis, cirrhosis, sicke-cell disease, transfusion reaction, hemolyc disease of the newborn

117
Q

Full thickness pressure ulcer involves all skin layers, expose muscles, tendon and/or bones.

A

Stage IV pressure ulcer

118
Q

When hair follicles develop in the fetus?

A

@ 3 month’s gestation

119
Q

Treads of keratin

120
Q

Components of nail examination

A
  1. Countour
  2. Consistency
  3. Color
121
Q

Fluid accumulating in the intercellular spaces

122
Q

Skin ability to raise

123
Q

Increase in the quantity of blood flow to a body part.

124
Q

3 sources of skin color

A
  1. Brown- melanin
  2. Yellow/orange - Carotene
  3. Red/purple - underlying vascular bed.
125
Q

Skin Cancer Risk

A
  1. Sunburn
  2. Tanning
  3. Ultraviolet exposure (sun/tanning)
  4. Asbesto
  5. Cigarettes
126
Q

In the aging adult the underlying dermis thin and flattens whih cause?

127
Q

In the aging adult which substance loss increase the risk for shering and tearing lesions?

128
Q

In the aging adult which glands decrease in numbers and funtion leaving dry skin?

A

Sweat gland and Sebaceous gland

129
Q

What put the aging adult at risk for heat stroke?

A

Decrease response on the sweat glands.

130
Q

In the aging adult vascularity of the skin diminished while __________

A

Vascular fragility increase.

131
Q

In the aging adult subsequent cell replacement slow imparing?

A

Wound healing

132
Q

Dehydraion s/s

A
  1. Mocous mmbrane is dry
  2. Lips look parched and cracked
  3. Extreme skin dryness
  4. Poor turgor
  5. Delay capillary refill
  6. Tachypnea
  7. Depressed and sunken fontanels
  8. Cachetic Apperance
133
Q

Best place to access for pallor in a non- caucasian patient

A

Membrane mucous, conjuntiva

Jarvis Physical Assessment (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions