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Jarvis Physical Assessment > Jarvis Chapter 13 Head, face, Neck and Lymphs > Flashcards

Jarvis Chapter 13 Head, face, Neck and Lymphs Flashcards

1
Q

Rigid bony box that protects the brain and special sense organs it includes the bones of the cranium and the face.

A

Skull

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2
Q

Cranial Bones

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Occipital
  4. Temporal
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3
Q

Immovable joints where adjacent and cranial bones unite

A

Suture

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4
Q

Crowns the head from ear to ear at the union of the frontal and parietal bones

A

Coronal sutures

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5
Q

Separates the head lengthwise between the two parietal bones

A

Sagittal Sutures

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6
Q

Separates the paretal bones crosswise from the occipital bone

A

Lamboid Sutures

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7
Q

Palpable spinous process of C7

A

Vertebra prominens

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8
Q

Opening between eyelids- are equally bilateral.

A

Palpebral fissures

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9
Q

The creases extending from the nose to each corner of the mouth, should look symmetrical.

A

Nasolabial folds

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10
Q

Facial nerve. mediates the facial muscles.

A

Cranial nerve VII

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11
Q

Trigeminal nerve. mediates the facial sensations of pain or touch

A

Cranial nerve V

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12
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A

Trigeminal

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13
Q

Cranial nerve VII

A

Facial

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14
Q

Salivary glands in the cheeks over the mandible, anterior to and below the ear. largest of the salivary glands but are not normally palpable. enlarged with mumps and AIDS

A

Parotid glands

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15
Q

Salivary glands beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw

A

Submandibular glands

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16
Q

Salivary glands. in the floor of the mouth

A

Sublingual glands

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17
Q

Lies superior to the temporalis muscle. its pulsation is palpable anterior to the ear

A

Temporal artery

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18
Q

Branches off common carotid and runs inward and upward to supply the brain

A

Internal carotid

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19
Q

Supplies the face, salivary glands, and superficial temporal area

A

External Carotid

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20
Q

Innervatd by cranial nerve XI. arises from the sternum and clavicle and extends diagonally across the neck to the mastid process behind the ear. accomplishes head rotation and head flexion

A

Sternomastoid muscle

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21
Q

Move shoulders and extend and turn the head

A

Trapezius

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22
Q

AKA upper trachial ring. just above the thyroid isthmus

A

Cricoid cartilage

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23
Q

Above cricoid cartilage. Adam’s apple

A

Thyroid cartilage

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24
Q

Above thyroid cartilage. At level of the floor of the mouth

A

Hyoid bone

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25
Q

Lymph node located in front of the ears.

A

Preauricular

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26
Q

Lymph node located superficial to the mastoid process

A

Postauricular

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27
Q

Lymph node located at the base of the skull.

A

Occipital

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28
Q

Lymph node located midline, behind the tip of the mandible.

A

Submental

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29
Q

Lymph node located halfway between the angle and the tip of the mandible

A

Submandibular

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30
Q

Limph node located under the angle of the mandible

A

Jugolodigastric

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31
Q

Lymph node overlying the sternomastoid muscle

A

Superficial cervical

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32
Q

Lymph node deep under the sternomastoid muscle

A

Deep cervical chain

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33
Q

Lymph node located in the posterior triangle along the edge of the trapezius muscle

A

Posterior cervical

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34
Q

Lymph node located just above and behind the clavicle, at the sternomastoid muscle

A

Supraclavicular

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35
Q

Spaces where sutures intersect. aka soft spots. allow for growth of brain during the first year

A

Fontanels

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36
Q

Tend to be occipital, frontal, or with bandlike tightness. Associated with anxiety and stress

A

Tension headache

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37
Q

Aka vascular. tend to be supraorbital, retro-orbital, or frontotemporal. pain is throbbing and severe. occur about twice per month, each lasting 1 to 3 days. associated with nasea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. precipitated by alcohol, letdown after stress, menstruation, and eating chocolate or cheese. associated with family history of migraines. lying down helps relieve pain

A

Migraine

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38
Q

Produce pain around the eye, temple, forehead, cheek. pain is always unilateral. excrutiating. occur twice per day, each lasting 1/2 to 2 hours for 1 to 2 months. remission may last for months or years. precipitated by alcohol ingestion or daytime napping. associated with eye reddening and tearing, eyelid drooping, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion. moving around helps pain.

A

Cluster headache

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39
Q

Rotational spinning from neurologic disease

A

Vertigo

40
Q

Person feels like the room spins

A

Objective vertigo

41
Q

Perception that person is spinning

A

Subjective vertigo

42
Q

Acute onset of neck stiffness with headache and fever

A

Menigeal inflmmation

43
Q

Difficulting swallowing

A

Dysphagia

44
Q

Form of facial paralysis resulting from a dysfunction of the cranial nerve VII

A

Bell’s Palsy

45
Q

Edematous swelling and ecchymosis of the presenting part of the head caused by birth trauma.

A

Caput succedaneum

46
Q

Abnormaly small head

A

Microcephaly

47
Q

Abnormaly large head

A

Macrocephaly

48
Q

Enlargement of the lympth nodes (>1cm) from infection, allergy, or neoplasm

A

Lymphadenopaty

49
Q

Benign and include head nodding (as if saying yes or no) and tongue protrusion. If some teeth have been lost, the lower face looks unusually small, with the mouth sunken in.

A

Senile tremors

50
Q

Curving of the spine

A

Kyphosis

51
Q

Askeletal disease of increased bone resorption and formation, which softens, thickens, and deforms bone. It affects 10% of those older than 80 years and occurs more often in males.

A

Paget’s diseases

52
Q

The disease is characterized by bowed long bones, sudden fractures, frontal bossing, and enlarging skull bones that form an acorn-shaped cranium. Enlarging skull bones press on cranial nerves, causing symptoms of headache, vertigo, tinnitus, progressive deafness, and optic atrophy and compression of the spinal cord.

A

Paget’s diseases

53
Q

Excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland after puberty creates an enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones.

A

Acromegaly

54
Q

A chronic enlargement of the thyroid gland that occurs in some regions of the world where the soil is low in iodine. Not due to a neoplasm.

A

Goiter

55
Q

Smooth, firm, fluctuant swelling on the scalp that contains sebum and keratin.

A

Pilar Cyst (Wen)

56
Q

Mumps, Blockage of ducts, abcess or tumor.

A

Parotid gland enlargment

57
Q

aging adults dehydrated from diuretics or anticholinergics causing?

A

Stensen duct obstruction

58
Q

A deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine and degeneration of the basal ganglia in the brain. The immobility of features produces a face that is flat and expressionless, “masklike,” with elevated eyebrows, staring gaze, oily skin, and drooling.

A

Parkinson syndrome

59
Q

With excessive secretion of corticotropin hormone (ACTH) and chronic steroid use, the person develops a plethoric, rounded, “moonlike” face; prominent jowls; red cheeks; hirsutism on the upper lip, lower cheeks, and chin; and acneiform rash on the chest.

A

Cushing syndrome

60
Q

Myxedema

A

Hypothyroidism

61
Q

acute neurologic deficit caused by an obstruction of a cerebral vessel, as in atherosclerosis, or a rupture in a cerebral vessel.

A

Stroke

62
Q

Brain attack or Cerebral Vascular accident

A

Stroke

63
Q

Loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness

A

Cachexia

64
Q

Accompanies chronic wasting diseases such as cancer, dehydration, and starvation. Features include sunken eyes; hollow cheeks; and exhausted, defeated expression.

A

Cachectic apperance

65
Q

rare connective tissue disease is characterized by chronic hardening and shrinking degenerative changes in the skin, blood vessels, synovium, and skeletal muscles. Changes can occur in the skin, heart, esophagus, kidney, lung.

A

Scleroderma

66
Q

Bleeding into the periosteum during birth is known as?

A

Celphahematoma

67
Q

Craniosynostosis

A

Premature closure of the cranial sutures

68
Q

Kyphosis of the spine is common with aging. To compensate, older adults will:

A

Extend their head and jaw foward

69
Q

Most facial bones articulate at a suture. Which facial bone articulates at a joint?

A

Mandible

70
Q

Excess thyroid hormone production

A

Hashimoto thyroiditis

71
Q

Nononpitting edema, coarse facial features, dry skin, and dry coarse hair

A

Myxedema

72
Q

What could indicate a A sudden severe headache

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

73
Q

Endocrine gland, straddles trachea, cell metabolism

A

Thyroid

74
Q

Trachea Shift - Unaffected Side

A

Pneumothorax
Unilateral Thyroid Englargement
Tumor
Aortic Aneurysm

75
Q

Trachea Shift - Affected Side

A

Atelectasis
Fibrosis
Pleural Adhesions

76
Q

Bulging eyes

A

Exopthalmos

77
Q

Major Neck Muscles

A

Sternomastoid

Trapezius

78
Q

Subjective Data: Head, Face, & Neck, Incl Regional Lymphatics

A
  1. Headache
  2. Head Injury
  3. Dizziness
  4. Neck Pain, Limitation of Motion
  5. Lumps or Swelling
  6. History of Head or Neck Injury
79
Q

Filters

A

Lymph nodes

80
Q

Anterior triangle

A

Neck landmark

81
Q

A conduit for the passage of multiple structures

A

Neck

82
Q

Which diseases can cause dysphagia?

A
  1. Pharangitis
  2. Gastroesophageal reflux
  3. Sroke
  4. Esophageal Cancer
  5. Some neurological diseases
83
Q

People lie down to feel better

A

Migraine

84
Q

People need to move to feel better

A

Cluster headaches

85
Q

Commonly one side bit can occur in both sides

A

Migraines

86
Q

Always one side

A

Cluster headaches

87
Q

Trubbing, pulsating

A

Migraines

88
Q

Continuos, piercing, excruciating

A

Cluster headache

89
Q

Rapid onset, peaks 1-2 hr, lasts 4hr to 72hr, sometimes longer

A

Migraines

90
Q

Abrupt onset, peaks in minutes, lasts 45-90min

A

Cluster headaches

91
Q

Exacerbated by alcohol, stress, wind or heat exposure

A

Cluster headaches

92
Q

Hormonal fluctuations (premenstrual)

Foods (e.g., alcohol, caffeine, MSG, nitrates, chocolate, cheese)

Letdown after stress

Changes in sleep pattern

Sensory stimuli (e.g., flashing lights or perfumes)

Changes in weather

Physical activity

A

Migraines

93
Q

Chewing tabacco

A

Risk for oral cancer

94
Q

Early signs of Oral cancer

A
  • A sore that does not seem to heal
  • A smooth or leathery white patch or lump
  • A prolonged sore throat or feeling that something is in the throat
  • Difficulty chewing
  • Restricted movement of the tongue or jaw
95
Q

Lymph nodes assessment

A
  • Location
  • Size
  • Shape
  • Delimination
  • Mobility
  • Consistency
  • Tenderness
96
Q

Infected lymph nodes s/s

A
  • Acute infection—acute onset, 3cm, unilateral, nontender, matted, and fixed.
  • Nodes with HIV infection are enlarged, firm, nontender, and mobile. Occipital node enlargement is common with HIV infection.
  • A single enlarged, nontender, hard, left supraclavicular node (Virchow’s node) may indicate neoplasm in thorax or abdomen.
  • Painless, rubbery, discrete nodes that gradually appear occur with Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

Jarvis Physical Assessment (9 decks)

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