James II 1685-1688 Flashcards
What was the reaction of Monmouth after James II ascended to the throne?
He raised a rebellion in Dorset in June.
How successful was Monmouth’s rebellion?
He received little support from the political nation and his ill-equipped army was easily defeated. Monmouth was captured then executed on orders of his uncle.
What was the position James was in after Charles died in 1685?
He found himself in a strong position.
How did Monmouth’s rebellion help James?
It helped to reinforce his authority and power and his right to rule.
How did the political nation feel about James II?
They knew it was now possible to challenge the monarch and if one king was replaced, another one could be replaced as well.
What did James’s critics fear would happen during his reign?
They feared that England would turn into a country of Catholic Absolutism like France.
What was James’s primary aim on his accession?
To establish religious freedom and legal equality for Catholics.
What did James allow in 1685?
He allowed Catholics to become army officers
What was Godden vs Hales?
Edward Hales a catholic was prosecuted by his coachman, Arthur Godden for holding a military command without taking Anglican Communion as prescribed by the Test Act. At a trial, it was judged that only the king could decide whether Hales was at fault.
How did James use Godden vs Hales in 1687?
He issued a new declaration of Indulgence granting freedom of worship to both Catholic and Protestant dissenters.
What reforms did Charles undertake?
He remodelled borough charters further and Catholics were made magistrates.
What was the Ecclesiastical Commission?
It was a court for Church affairs with similar powers to the Prerogative Court abolished in 1641.
How did James used the Ecclesiastical Commission?
He expelled fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford and replaced them with Catholics.
What did James do in 1688?
He renewed the Declaration of Indulgence and order it to be read at every pulpit (church) in the country.
What the response to the Declaration of Indulgence in 1688?
Seven bishops refused to obey the order, they were arrested, tried , but acquitted amid public celebration. This was a blow to James’s power.
