1625-1629 Flashcards
What was the Royal Court like in 1625?
It was the centre of power and political life.
What was the Privy Council and how large was it?
It was an inner circle of close advisers, usually numbering about 40.
What were the three Kingdoms?
England, Ireland and Scotland.
What were the five parts of the religious pendulum?
Puritans, Presbyterians, Anglicans, Arminians and Roman Catholics.
Who was Charles at war with 1625?
Spain
What continental war did England largely avoid during the reign of Charles I?
The Thirty Years’ War (1618-48)
Did Parliament back the war with Spain?
Yes since it was anti-catholic.
Who was George Villiers?
He was the Duke of Buckingham. He was James I’s chief advisor. He then became the chief advisor to Charles.
Who did the Duke of Buckingham negotiate a marriage between?
Between Charles and Henrietta Maria, sister of the French King (Louis XIII)
What was the character of Charles I?
Charles I was stubborn and had strong views of his own. He believed in the divine right of Kings.
Who did Charles manage to secure a loan from and how much was it?
Charles secured a loan of £60,000 from City of London merchants, but it wasn’t enough so he had to summon a parliament.
What did Parliament refuse to grant Charles?
Parliament refused to grant Tonnage and Poundage for life. They instead offered it on an annual basis.
What religion did Charles promote?
He promoted Arminianism. This along with his wife having her own catholic court brought suspicions that he was catholic.
Why did Charles dissolve parliament in 1625?
After foreign policy failures in Spain and a failing economy, parliament began discussing the impeachment of Buckingham.
Did Charles summon parliament in 1626?
Yes; however, he quickly dissolved it because parliament started to talk about impeaching Buckingham.
Did Charles get a grant in 1626 before he dissolved parliament?
No and he instead demanded a forced loan from all taxpayers. This was seen as a direct challenge to the law and existence of parliaments.
What were the Five Knights ?
They were five Knights who refused to pay the loan and had been imprisoned.
When were the Five Knights imprisoned?
In 1627
What was the reaction of the Five Knights?
They sued for release under ‘habeas corpus’. However, they were denied the opportunity to go to court by Charles.
What happened when Charles summoned parliament in 1628?
In desperate need of funds, Charles summoned parliament in 1628 but relations were no better.
What was the foreign policy failure of Buckingham in 1628?
He failed in an attack on La Rochelle in support of French Protestants (Huguenots).
What was the petition of Right 1628?
It wanted no imprisonment without trial, an end to the unlawfulness of martial law and non-parliamentary taxation. Parliament agreed to five subsidies in taxation for Charles but at the same time drew up the petition of Right.
What were the five conditions of the Petition of Right?
No forced loans, no imprisonment without trial, no martial law, no free lodging for soldiers and a reversal of the Five Knights case.
What was Charles’s response to the Petition of Right 1628?
He ended the parliamentary session without a dissolution and responded with a Petition of Right of his own.
