IV THERAPY Flashcards
Identify appropriate assessments of an existing intravenous system
Systematic fashion Insertion site to IV solution Condition of insertion site & IV dressing Position of pt’s extremity Patency of IV (blood backflow?) Tubing: air, kinks, position Clamps open & connections secure Drip chamber & IV solution (height)
Identify developmental considerations when administering peripheral intravenous therapy
Infusion devices “push” fluid through cannula Pediatric fluid rates based on pt wt Patient teaching: -Skin integrity -Activity restrictions -Therapeutic play -Communication regarding IV
Guidelines for care of a patient with IV system
Promote asepsis Reduce risks for infection Safety concerns Pt education IV tubing= changed q 96 hours Primary IV bag= q 24 hours Assessment q 4 hours
Describe complications of IV therapy
Fluid volume deficit Fluid volume excess (overload) Trauma from IV therapy -Chemical -Biological -Mechanical
Circulatory Overload
- S & S (crackles, dypnea, SOB, edema, HTN, tachycardia)
- Intervention: slow infusion rate, raise HOB
Infiltration -Mechanical & Chemical Displaced cannula Enlarged puncture wound Pain, swelling, cool, slow or stopped infusion
stop the infusion and notify your supervisor. You may be directed to remove the IV and restart it in an alternate location.
(c) Apply a cold pack to site if infiltration has occurred within the last 30 minutes. A cold pack will help reduce the pain and swelling.
(d) Apply warm, wet compresses to promote absorption if infiltration has occurred more than 30 minutes earlier. A warm, wet compress stimulates circulation, promoting the absorption of the infiltrated solutions into surrounding tissues.
Extravasation
-Chemical
Vasoconstricting meds infiltrate into subcutaneous tissue
Swelling, tenderness, cool, slow or stopped flow, eventual tissue necrosis
Intervention
- stop infusion
- slowly aspirate the medication
- remove IV while aspirating
- Elevate arm and rest in elevated position.
- report
Infection
-Biological
Faulty aseptic technique
Redness, warmth, tenderness, swelling, exudate
Intervention
- discontinue IV
- report
Phlebitis Mechanical & Chemical Movement of cannula in vein Irritating meds Red, tender, & warm cord; slow or stopped flow, irritation with infusion
Intervention
- stop infusion
- remove
- care for inflammation
Drug or Fluid reactions -Biological Systemic/allergic reaction Side effect or interaction with other drugs increase HR & resps Subtle changes in pt (looks/behavior) -Stop infusion -assess vital signs
Septicemia -Biological Contaminants Exceeded expiry increase HR & resps, decrease BP, nausea, vomiting, increase temp
- monitor vitals
- report
- antibiotics
Embolism -Mechanical IV catheter piece Air or clot Specific to location Resp distress, CVS distress
Intervention
- administer O2
- lie on left side
