IV Catheters and Fluid Thearpy and Fluid Therapy

Question 1

What does catheters placed intravascularly allow us to give?

Answer 1

Medications IV, Fluids, Blood products (transfusion medicine), Nutrition (TPN),Blood samples, monitor CVP

Question 2

What are the 5 different types of catheters?

Answer 2

Winged infusion, Over-the-needle, through-the-needle, guide wire and peel away.

Question 3

What technique is used when used the guide wire catheter? And up to how many ports can it have?

Answer 3

Seldinger technique, 5

Question 4

What are the insertion sites for IV catheters to be placed peripherally?

Answer 4

Cephalic, Saphenous and Auricular

Question 5

What are the insertion sites for IV catheters to be placed centrally?

Answer 5

Jugular

Question 6

When placing a IV catheter what type of vein should it be placed in?

Answer 6

A long, straight vein that does not have any bends.

Question 7

Where should you never put IV catheters?

Answer 7

Wounded tissues or fractures

Question 8

What is the unit of measurement are catheters?

Answer 8

Gauges

Question 9

What are butterfly catheters meant for? And for how long?

Answer 9

Single episode used for phlebotomy, multiple infusions at one single episode. Short term use

Question 10

How long are short over the needle catheters meant for?

Answer 10

72 hours or less

Question 11

What size blade should be used to when prepping an area for catheter placement with clippers?

Answer 11

Size 40

Question 12

What materials are needed when placing a catheter?

Answer 12

Clippers, iodine based solution, chlorhexadine based solution, alcohol, catheter, t-injection cap, heparin flush solution, antiseptic ointment, tape and bandage.

Question 13

When doing an aseptic surgical prep in how do you scrub the insertion site?

Answer 13

Three surgical scrubs by doing in to out spiral techniques, then rise with alcohol. Never out to in. Start at the very center, right where the catheter is going to be placed as you start scrubbing slowly expand the spiral around it but never go back to the center.

Question 14

What is heparinized saline used for?

Answer 14

Prevents clotting and air from getting into the vein

Question 15

When using aseptic technique what does it avoid when placing catheters?

Answer 15

Avoids infection and phlebitis

Question 16

When placing a central catheter what always must be used?

Answer 16

Sterile technique, sterile gloves and drapes.

Question 17

What is alcohol used for when placing a catheter?

Answer 17

As a rinse and degreaser

Question 18

What is a catheter cap used for?

Answer 18

Allows you to inject into the catheter without blood coming out

Question 19

What is the measurement of heparin to saline when flushing a catheter?

Answer 19

2IU of heparin for ever ml 0.9%

Question 20

When placing a Cather and the site has already been prepped what should the restrainer do before you insert the catheter?

Answer 20

Occlude the vein

Question 21

When placing a catheter and the animal does not sit still when restrainer is trying to occlude the vein what is another method you can use to occlude?

Answer 21

Tourniquet method

Question 22

When using a butterfly catheter what should you do in order to stabilize the catheter?

Answer 22

Fold wings up

Question 23

At what angle should you insert a needle for a catheter to be placed?

Answer 23

15-30 degrees

Question 24

When placing a butterfly catheter and you have inserted the needle how long should you insert it for?

Answer 24

Until you see a flashback

Question 25

How do you stabilize a vein for placing a catheter?

Answer 25

Tighten the skin up by rolling the vein, you can use your thumb to be placed along side of the vein

Question 26

When placing a guide wire catheter what technique is used?

Answer 26

Seldingers technique and aseptic technique with sterile gloves and drapes

Question 27

Once a catheter is places how long should it be inspected and maintained?

Answer 27

Every 4-6 hours

Question 28

What are some problems that can occur with catheters?

Answer 28

Phlebitis, leakage, constrictive bandage, infection and thrombosis

Question 29

When it comes to short catheters how long are they able to stay in? If it is passed this certain time what should you do?

Answer 29

No longer than 72 hours. If has been longer you should take out the catheter and put in a new Catheter in a different place

Question 30

What type of catheters lasts longer than 72 hours?

Answer 30

Central/long catheters

Question 31

When should heparin be used to flush a catheter?

Answer 31

Every 4-6 hours

Question 32

How often should you flush a catheter when a patient is on fluid therapy?

Answer 32

Every 8-12 hours

Question 33

What is the purpose of fluid therapy?

Answer 33

It is supportive and it replaces lost fluids and maintains hydration

Question 34

What are the 3 fluid types?

Answer 34

Balanced fluids, Unbalanced fluids, Crystalloids. and Colloids

Question 35

What are the 6 questions that must be answer before fluid therapy can be started?

Answer 35

Is the fluid needed? What type of fluid? What route? What rate/ how fast should fluids be given? How much fluids should be given? When to stop fluids?