Equine Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 basic aspects of equine animal husbandry?

A

Housing, feeding, preventative medicine, and cleaning/sanitation.

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2
Q

What are the 3 aspects of preventative medicine in equine nursing?

A

Periodic physical exams,Vaccinations and Parasite control.

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3
Q

What are the 7 equine basics?

A

Handling, Grooming, Feed and Water, Physical Exam, Biologic Samples, Medications and Language.

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4
Q

What is the most common behavior in equine?

A

They are very perceptive.

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5
Q

What type of vision does equine have?

A

Monocular

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6
Q

Where are the blind spots for equine?

A

Directly in Front of them, In front and under head and Directly behind them.

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7
Q

How do equine hear?

A

Their ears move to the direction the sound is coming from and what they are focusing on.

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8
Q

Where are the areas on the equine that are very sensitive to touch?

A

Head, flank, distal limbs, and ears.

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9
Q

What type of response do equine have? What is the most common response?

A

Flight or flight. Flight is the most common.

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10
Q

What are the type of responses in the fight response in equine?

A

Strike, kick, bite and run over.

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11
Q

What type of horses should you be cautious around?

A

Stallions, mares with foal, older,inexperienced and hungry/thirsty horses.

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12
Q

What is the primary goal of the handler?

A

Is to have control of movement of the horse

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13
Q

Who do you need to protect when handling a horse?

A

Self, examiner, horse and others such as owners.

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14
Q

What are the aspects of catching a horse?

A

Avoid small enclosures, always have an escape route, always approach the left side, always have a hand on the horse, pass the lead rope over the neck, never reach over the top of the horse.

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15
Q

What are the aspects of releasing a horse?

A

Lock horse up to Face wall / fence, approach left side, pass lead rope, remove halter, release lead, and never turn your back to the horse.

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16
Q

When handling a horse where is the safest for you to be?

A

The left side facing the neck/shoulder

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17
Q

When handling a horse when an examiner is present which side of the horse do you need to be on and what should you watch for?

A

Always be on the same side as the examiner and always watch both the horse and the examiner.

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18
Q

When handling a horse how much lead rope should be left between you and the horse and what should you never do, what is the correct way?

A

1-1.5 feet. You should never wrap the lead rope around your hand. The correct way to hold the lead rope is to loop it.

19
Q

When an examiner is present and is behind the horse what is the safest distance he/she should be?

A

1.5 x the hip height behind the horse

20
Q

When an examiner on the side of the horse where should he/she should be and what should they always do?

A

They should be right next to the horse and should always have a hand on the horse.

21
Q

What is the dangerous distance when being next to a horse?

A

Within arms length and less than 1.5 x the hip height.

22
Q

What are the protective actions when handling a horse?

A

Never let the horse come forward make the horse stand still or back up. Move the front of the horse towards the examiner and the hips away.

23
Q

What type of knot do we use to tie up horses and where should it be tied?

A

Quick-release knot,should always be tied even with the withers.

24
Q

What types of restraints are used in handling equine?

A

Skin twitch, lip twitch, stocks/stanchions and chemical restraint.

25
Q

When grooming a horse what type of equipment is needed? How is the equipment used and in what areas should you be careful in

A

Curry comb which is used in a circular strokes, Bristle brush which goes with the direction of the hair. Head and distal limbs.

26
Q

What are the daily requirements when grooming a horse?

A

Brushing and hoof cleaning

27
Q

What equipment is needed when cleaning a hoof of a horse and in what direction should the hoof be cleaned?

A

Picks and should be cleaned starting from the frog down to the toe.

28
Q

When it comes to feeding a horse what should be given and what type of food can they eat? When is the only time they cant eat these types of food?

A

Should be fed as close to what they normally eating. They can eat hays such as alfalfa, grass, grains and pellets. The only time that their feeding can be changed is under medical circumstances.

29
Q

When a horse has diarrhea what food should be given and how does it help?

A

Grass hay, bran mash and oats because it binds the stool together.

30
Q

When a horse has colic what food should be given?

A

Fresh grass, alfalfa hay and bran mash.

31
Q

What does COPD stand for?

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

32
Q

When a horse has COPD what food should be given?

A

Food with low dust and water moisten

33
Q

When a horse has COPD what are you looking for?

A

The heave line

34
Q

How do you approach and take the temperature of a horse?

A

Approach from the left side always having a hand on the horse walking back towards the rear. The thermometer should be tethered and clipped to the tail or should always be held.

35
Q

What is the normal temperature in a adult horse? In the foal?

A

Adult: 37-38°C (99-105°F)
Foal: 37-38°C

36
Q

What is the normal heart rate in an adult horse? In the foal at birth, hours, and stable?

A

Adult Horse: 25-50bpm
Foal at birth:50-80bpm
Foal at hours:120:150bpm
Foal at stable: 80-100bpm

37
Q

What is a rebreathing bag used for?

A

Used to increase respiration to hear the lung sounds.

38
Q

What is the normal respiration rate in an adult horse? In the foal at birth and stable?

A

Adult: 8-20rpm
Foal at birth:60-80rpm
Foal at stable: 30rpm

39
Q

What is the best vein on a horse to do a blood draw and give intravascular injections and why?

A

The right jugular vein because it avoids the esophagus.

40
Q

What are the methods of collecting urine in horses?

A

Free catch, catheter but only in females.

41
Q

What characteristics does horse urine have?

A

Mucoid and thick, Sometimes it has a red tint this could be porfins and Ca++ carbonate crystals

42
Q

What is the most common intramuscular injection for the horse?

A

In the cervical region

43
Q

Where do we not give intramuscular injection in the horse?

A

In the rump area