ITM Chap 7 Flashcards
Broadband
This refers to high-speed data transmission in which a single cable can carry a large amount of data at once.
Computer Network
peer to peer network
network architecture that gives equal power to all computers on the network; used primarly in small networks
Network Interphase Card (NIC)
expansion card inserted into a computer to enable it to connect to a network
Network Operating System (NOS)
Routes and manages comunications on the network and coordinates network resources
Switch or Hub
Connect network components, sending a
packet of data to all other connected devices
Router
communications processor used to route packets of data through different networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address
Packet switching
Slicing digital messages into parcels called packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destinations
Protocol
A set of rules and procedures governing transmission of information between 2 points in a network
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
Dominent model for acheiving conectivity among different networks. Provides universaly agreed on method for breaking up digital messages into packets routing them to the proper address and reassembling them in coherent messages
Modem
A device for translating a computer’s digital signal into analogue form for transmission over ordinary telephone lines of for translating analog signal back into digital form for reception by a computer
Analogue Signal
Represented by a continuous waveform that passes through a communications medium and has been used for voice communication
Local Area Network
Designed to connect personal computers and other digital devices within a 500-metre radius
Topology
The way in which componants of the network are connected
Star Topology
A network topology in which all computers and other devices are connected to a central host computer. All comunications between network devices must pass through the host computer
Bus Topology
Network topology linking a number of computers by a single circuit with all messages broadcast to the entire network
Ring Topology
A network topology in which all computers are linked by a closed loop in a maner that passes data in one direction from one computer to another
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Telecomunication network that span broad geographical distances. May consist of a variety of cable, satellite, and microwave technilogies
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs. Its geographic scope falls between a WAN and a LAN
Twisted Wire
consists of strands of copper wire twisted in pairs and is
an older type of transmission medium
Coaxial Cable
consists of thickly insulated copper wire that can transmit a larger volume of data than twisted wire (up to 1Gbps)
Fiber optic cable
Fast, light and durable transmission medium consisting of thin strands of clear glass fibre bounded into a cable. Data are transmeted as light pulses
3 type of wireless network
cellular
microwave
WiFI
Microwave
Both terrestrial and celestial, transmit high-frequency
radio signals through the atmosphere and are widely used for high-volume, long-distance, point-to-point communication
Herts
Measure of the number of cycles per second that can be sent through a particular medium
Bandwidth
The capacity of a communication channel as measured by the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies transmited by that channel
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
a commercial organization with a permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to retail subscribers
Digital Service Provider (DSL)
operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video at transmission rates ranging from 385 kbps all the way up to 9 Mbps
Cable Internet Connection
digital cable coaxial lines to deliver high-speed Internet access to homes and businesses
Internet Protocol (IP) Address
32-bit number represented by four strings of numbers ranging from 0 to 255 separated by periods. Indicates a unique computer location on the internet
Domain Name System (DNS)
A hierarchial system of servers maintaining a database enabeling the conversion of domain names to their numeric IP address
Domain Name
English-like name that corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric IP address for each computer connected to the Internet
Backbone
Part of a network handling the major traffic and providing the primary path for traffic flowing to or from other networks
Internet 2
Research network with new protocol and transmission speed that provide an infrastructure for supporting high bandwidth internet application
Telenet
Internet service / Network tool that allow someont to log on to a computer system while doing work on another
File Transfer Protocol
Tools for retriving and transfering files from a remote computer
VoIP
facilities for managing the delivery of voice information using the internet protocol
Unified Communication
integratesdisparate channels for voice communications, data communications, instant messaging, e-mail, and electronic conferencing into a single experience where users can seamlessly switch back and forth between different communication modes
Virtual Private Network
secure, encrypted, private network that has been configured within a public network to take advantage of the economies of scale and management facilities of large networks, such as the Internet
Web Site
A collection of web pages linked to a home page
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
The comunication standard used to transfer pages on the web. Defines how messages are formated and transmitted
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
Address of a specific resource on the internet
Search engin Marketing
Use of search engines to deliver in their results sponsored links for which advertisers have paid
Search Engine Optimization
The process of changing a website content, layout and format in order to increase the ranking of the site on popular search engines, and to generate more site visitors
Inteligent Agent
Software program that uses a built-in or learned knowledge base to carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable tasks for an individual user, business process, or software application
Shopping bot
Intelligent agent software for searching the Internet for
shopping information
Web 2.0
Second-generation interactive Internet-based services that enable people to colaborate, share information, and creat new services online, including mashups, blogs, RSS, and wikis
Blogosphere
Totality of blog related web site
RSS (Rich Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication)
Pulls specified content from Web sites and feeds it automatically to users’ computers, where it can be stored for later viewing
Wiki
Collaborative website where visitors can add, delete, or modify content, including the work of previous authors
Web 3.0
Future vision of the web where all digital information is woven togather with inteligent search capabilities
Semantic web
Ways of making the web more “inteligent” with machine-facilitated understanding of information so that searches can be more intuitive effective, and executed using inteligent software agent
3G network
Cellular network based on packet-switched technology with speed ranking from 144Kbps to 2Mbps for stationary users enabling users to transmit video, graphics, and other rich media in addition to voice
4G Network
Next evolution in wireless comunication is entirely packet switched and capable of providing between 1Mbps and 1Gbps speed;
Bluetooth
Wireless networking standard, which is useful for creating small personal area networks (PANs)
