ITE - nephrology Flashcards
Alcoholic ketolactic acidosis: Dx
Dx: Lactate > 4.0 in context of alcohol abuse
Atheroembolic AKI, Dx.
New AKI in pt with recent manipulation of aorta and signs of emboli to skin, muscle, GI, liver, eyes, CNS.
Beer potomania, Dx.
Dx: low urine production in setting of Low solute intake, high liquid intake
Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, causes.
caused by immunologic disease, infection, malignancy, meds, lead, hyperuircemia, obstruction.
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Dx.
symmetrical papules/plaques/nodules (fibrotic, indurated) usually in the legs, thighs, upper arms
Primary hyperaldosteronism, Dx.
Dx: Plasma aldosterone/renin ratio to screen, confirm with saline suppression test.
Struvite kidney stones: Dx.
Dx: proteus, klebsiella, pseudomonas split urea into ammonium, increase urine pH, cause mag ammonium phos to precipitate and form stones.
Hypocalcemia in pt with chronic alcoholism, Dx.
If alcoholic, pt may have poor nutrition, including low Ca
Type 1 RTA: Dx, Tx.
Dx: failure to excrete acid due to impaired distal H- excretion, subsequent citrate reabsorption, and resulting nephrocalcinosis.
Tx: potassium citrate
Evaluation of kidney cyst
CT urography
Hypertension with proteinuria: Tx.
ACE/ARB
Methanol ingestion: Tx.
Dx: increased AG acidosis with bicarb <10 and plasma osmolal gap > 10
Tx: elimination, EtOH to compete
