Italy-France Level 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Name three Italian Wine Categories?
A
Wine without Geographical Indication, PGI Wines, PDO Wines
2
Q
What is Italian name for PGI wines?
A
Indicazione Geografica Protetta (IGP); Traditional Term was Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT).
3
Q
What are two categories of PDO wines in Italy?
A
Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) and Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG).
4
Q
When was granted first DOCG?
A
- Brunello di Montalcino; Barolo and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano were upgraded from DOC to DOCG.
5
Q
Name three most planted red varieties in Italy?
A
Sangiovese (most planted any colour), Montepulciano, and Merlot
6
Q
Name three most planted white varieties in Italy?
A
Pinot Grigio, Trebbiano Toscano, and Glera
7
Q
What is Classico mean on Italian label?
A
Wines made exclusively from grapes grown within a defined historical area of a DOC or DOCG.
8
Q
What is Superiore mean on Italian label?
A
Wines with a higher minimum alcohol level, typically an additional 0.5% abv.
9
Q
What is Riserva mean on Italian label?
A
Wines submitted to a certain ageing period, at least two years for red wines and one year for white wines. Some individual DOC/DOCG specify that this ageing or part of it must be in oak.
10
Q
What is mean Frizzante regarding Italian wines?
A
Lightly sparkling
11
Q
How you say fully sparkling wine on Italian?
A
Spumante
12
Q
Name three regions in North-East Italy?
A
Trentino-Alto Adige, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the Veneto
13
Q
What are two most important DOC appellations in Friuli?
A
Collio and Collio Orientali del Friuli
14
Q
What are principal varieties in Collio and Collio Orientali del Friuli?
A
Single-variety whites made from Friulano, Ribolla Gialla, Sauvignon Blanc or Chardonnay.
15
Q
What are the most important red varieties in Collio DOC?
A
Bordeaux varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon; Cabernet Franc and Merlot. Similar to the red wines from Chinon and Saumur, marked by the under-ripe green notes also found in cool-vintage red Bordeaux.
16
Q
What are Friuli two DOCG for sweet wines?
A
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG (Picolit) and Ramandolo DOCG (Verduzzo). They are both made from air-dried grapes.
17
Q
What are grape varieties for Soave DOC?
A
Minimum of 70 per cent must be Garganega, with up to 30 per cent of Trebbiano di Soave or Chardonnay.
18
Q
Name three main DOCs for dry Soave?
A
Soave DOC, Soave Classico DOC, and Soave Superiore DOCG. There is also Recioto di Soave DOCG producing sweet wines.
19
Q
What is Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG?
A
Historic, sweet (distinction from Amarone), semi dried grape wine of Valpolicella. The grapes must be dried off the vines for 100 to 120 days. Very small production.
20
Q
What is Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?
A
Dry or just off dry semi dried grape wine of Valpolicella. The grapes are vinified usually after 100 to 120 days of drying. The minimum abv is 14 per cent but more typically 15 per cent and above, and often with 5 to10 g/l residual sugar.
21
Q
What is Valpolicella Ripasso DOC?
A
Unpressed grape skins with some residual sugar are taken from the end of the fermentation phase of Amarone or Recioto and new made Valpolicella wine is then added for a second maceration to give more colour, flavour and tannins to the wine. 15 per cent of Amarone wine may also be added
22
Q
What are the most popular styles of Valpolicella?
A
Amarone and Ripasso. Basic Valpolicella sales declined dramaticaly while Recioto has remained a niche market
23
Q
What kind of wine is Bardolino DOC?
A
Light bodied reds and rose, Corvina blends with possibility to add 20 per cent of Merlot to boost the red fruit character and alcohol level.
24
Q
What is Prosecco Spumante?
A
Fully sparkling; with a minimum 3.5 atmospheres of pressure.
25
What is Prosecco Frizzante?
Slightly sparkling; with 1.0 up to 2.5 atmospheres of pressure).
26
What is Prosecco DOC Method of Production?
Charmat method.
27
What are two Prosecco DOCG Appellations?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG and Asolo Prosecco DOCG
28
What is the main variety for Prosecco?
Glera
29
What are the sweetness levels of Prosecco?
The wines range from Brut to Demi-Sec. Although there are Brut versions on the market, more common are Extra Dry (with residual sugar of 12-17 g/L) and Dry (17-32 g/L).
30
What is the name of delimited single-vineyard area in Valdobbiadene?
Superiore di Cartizze. It is a historic, delimited single-vineyard area of 108 hectares in Valdobbiadene, lower yield required. Highest quality grapes for Prosecco making fuller body and, normally, residual sugar above the level of Brut. The word Prosecco is not used in conjunction with Cartizze.
31
What grape variety is used for Prosecco rose?
Majority is Glera, 10-15 per cent Pinot Noir for colour.
32
What is the most planted variety in Piemonte?
Barbera
33
What are two most popular white varieties in Piemonte?
Cortese and Arneis
34
Name first still white wine in Piedmont to be promoted to the DOCG level?
Gavi (Cortese di Gavi) DOCG
35
What are arguably The Best Barbaresco producers?
Modernist Angelo Gaja (release wines as Langhe DOC), Bruno Giacosa (more traditional style) and the local co operative; Produttori del Barbaresco; offers great value and exemplifies the terroir of the region.
36
Name three denominations for Nebbiolo in Piemonte apart from Barolo and Barbaresco?
Roero DOCG, Gattinara DOCG, and Ghemme DOCG. These regions have a continental climate with greater diurnal variation than Barolo, resulting of wines of higher acidity.
37
Name two appellations producing the best wines from Barbera in Piemonte?
Barbera dAsti DOCG and Nizza DOCG
38
Name three appellations producing the best wines from Dolcetto in Piemonte?
Dolcetto dAlba DOC, Dolcetto di Ovada DOC, and Dogliani DOCG.
39
What grape variety is used for production of Gavi DOCG?
100 per cent Cortese, Gavi di Gavi DOCG is wine made from grapes grown within the municipality of Gavi itself. Riserva wines must be aged for one year in any vessel before release.
40
What is the best appellation for Arneis?
Roero Arneis DOCG, Piemonte
41
What kind of wine is Alta Langa DOCG?
Serious, dry, sparkling traditional method sparkling wine made from Chardonnay and Pinot Noir, it can be varietal or blend, also rose, it can not be lereased for 30 months after the harvest (Riserva three years) and is always vintage wine.
42
What is the largest producing region for traditional method sparkling wine in Italy?
Franciacorta DOCG
43
What are the most planted varieties in Franciacorta?
Plantings are dominated by Chardonnay (75 per cent). Pinot Noir is also widely grown, and some Pinot Blanc continues to be grown, though little is being planted.
44
What grape varieties are used for production of Chianti DOCG?
70-100 per cent Sangiovese, local or international varieties could be used in blend though Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Cabernet Franc may not exceed 15 per cent. Ten percent of white grapes continues to be allowed (e.g. Trebbiano Toscano) but they are rarely used.
45
What are requirements regarding allowed varieties for Chianti Classico DOCG?
Minimum 80 per cent Sangiovese, though in practice most wines are around 90 per cent Sangiovese with a wide choice of supplementary varieties, both local (e.g. Canaiolo) or international (especially Merlot). No white varieties are permitted in the blend.
46
What is the most powerful expression of Sangiovese in Tuscany?
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
47
What is the difference between Chianti DOCG and Chianti Classico DOCG regarding white grapes?
As of the 2006 vintage white grapes are no longer permitted in the Chianti Classico DOCG.
48
Name two varieties that can be added to add color and power to Sangiovese in Tuscany?
Cabernet Sauvignon and local Colorino.
49
What Chianti subzone is together with Classico regarded as most consistent in quality?
Rufina, dominated by the Frescobaldi firm.
50
Taste of Brunello di Montalcino comparing to Chianti?
Brunello is stronger; with more alcohol; extract and tannin; than Chianti.
51
What is the only variety allowed for production of Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?
Sangiovese Grosso (Brunello).
52
What varieties are used for production of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?
Minimum 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo Gentile clone) and; as of 2010; a maximum 30% other varieties of Tuscany; including no more than 5% of white varieties.
53
What grape varieties are allowed in Bolgheri DOC?
Up to 100 per cent of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot, up to 50 per cent of Syrah and Sangiovese and up to 30 per cent of other varieties (for example Petit Verdot). In practice, Cabernet Sauvignon dominates the blends.
54
What was first Super Tuscan wine?
1968 Sassicaia; a barrique aged Cabernet blend from Bolgheri. It is the only true monopole DOC in all of Italy.
55
What are the varieties for Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC?
Min. 80% Cabernet Sauvignon; max. 20% other red grapes suitable for cultivation in Tuscany.
56
What is the only white wine in Tuscany to enjoy DOCG status?
Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG
57
Name two most important red varieties in Marche?
Montepulciano and Sangiovese
58
Name most important white variety in Marche?
Verdicchio
59
Name two main denominations for Verdicchio in Marche region?
Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio DOC and Verdicchio di Matelica DOC
60
Name best denominations for Pecorino in Marche region?
Offida Pecorino DOCG, the others could be sold as Marche IGT
61
What kind of wine is Conero Riserva DOCG?
Made from 100 percent Montepulciano.
62
What kind of wine is Offida DOCG?
At least 85 percent Montepulciano
63
What are principal white grapes in Latium (Lazio)?
Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia.
64
What are principal red grapes in Latium (Lazio)?
Indigenous Cesanese. Red wines make up only 15% of the regions typical production.
65
Name Lazio best known red wines on the international stage?
Falesco estate in Montefiascone near the Umbrian border; plush examples of Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon.
66
What is the name of classico zone of Montepulciano dAbruzzo?
Montepulciano dAbruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG
67
Name three local white varieties found in Campania?
Falanghina, Greco, and Fiano
68
What is the most important red variety found in Campania?
Aglianico
69
What is the most important denomination for Aglianico in Campania?
Taurasi DOCG, with a minimum 85 per cent Aglianico.
70
Name two appellations which are considered the Barolo of the south'?
Taurasi in Campania and Aglianico del Vulture in Basilicata.
71
Name most important three black varieties grown in Puglia?
Primitivo, Negroamaro, and Nero di Troia
72
What are three local white varieties in Sicily?
Catarratto, Grillo, and Inzolia, producing mainly inexpensive dry white wines. They are mainly blended either with each other or with Chardonnay.
73
What is the only DOCG wine in Sicily?
Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG
74
What is by far the most planted black variety in Sicily?
Nero dAvola (also known as Calabrese), much is made as a varietal wine, it is an option in many Sicilian DOCs and often produced as IGT or in the wine category.
75
What is the percentage of different colours of Bordeaux production of AOC wines?
The production of AOC wine is 85 per cent red, 10 per cent dry white, 1 per cent sweet white and 4 per cent rose.
76
Name two French wine regions that have a Superior tier for their appellations?
Bordeaux and Beaujolais
77
Name three Generic Bordeaux Appellations?
Bordeaux AOP, Bordeaux Superieur AOP, Cremant de Bordeaux AOP.
78
Name grapes used for Bordeaux AOP Blanc?
Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and Muscadelle.
79
Name grapes used for Bordeaux AOP Rose and Rouge wines?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Cot (Malbec), Merlot, Petit Verdot, Carmenere
80
Name three First Growths (Premiers Crus) from Pauillac?
Chateau Lafite Rothschild, Chateau Latour, Chateau Mouton Rothschild,
81
Name only Third Growth (Troisiemes Crus) from Saint-Estephe?
Chateau Calon-Segur
82
Name two Second Growths (Deuxiemes Crus) from Pauillac?
Chateau Pichon Longueville Baron, and Chateau Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande.
83
Name two Second Growths (Deuxiemes Crus) from Saint-Estephe?
Chateau Cos dEstournel, and Chateau Montrose.
84
What appellation has most Second Growths (Deuxiemes Crus)?
Margaux and Saint-Julien. They both have five classified chateaux as Second growth.
85
Name four most famous Sauternes First Growths (Premiers Crus)?
Chateau Suduiraut, Chateau Climens, Chateau Rieussec, Chateau Coutet
86
Name four St-Emilion Premiers Grands Crus Classes A? (2012)
Chateau Ausone, Chateau Cheval-Blanc and newly promoted Chateau Angelus, Chateau Pavie.
87
Name three most famous of the great dry whites coming from Bordeaux?
Chateau Haut Brion, Laville Haut Brion and Domaine de Chevalier.
88
Name three most famous producers of Sauternes?
Chateau dYquem, Rieussec and Climens.
89
What kind of wines are Medoc AOC and Haut-Medoc AOC?
Only red wines from Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. As these are large areas, wines come in a wide range of prices and quality levels.
90
What kind of wine can be produced in Graves AOC?
This is large appellation for white and red wines, with 85 per cent of wine being red.
91
What kind of wine can be produced in Saint-Emilion and Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOC?
Only red wine, Saint-Emilion Grand Cru has lower maximum yields and longer minimum maturation time (20 months, as opposed to six months). Merlot is the dominant grape variety (60 per cent) and Cabernet Franc the next most grown variety.
92
Name first chateau to begin estate-bottling its entire production?
Mouton-Rothschild in 1924. In 1972, chateau bottling finally became compulsory for classified estates in the Medoc.
93
What kind of wine is produced in Pessac-Leognan AOP?
Established in 1987, production of both red and dry white wines, stricter controls than those of the basic Graves appellation.
94
What kind of wine can be produced in Pomerol AOC?
Small but very prestigious appellation for red wines with Merlot as the dominant grape (around 80 per cent), Cabernet Franc being the next most grown variety.
95
What are two most important Sweet Wine Appellations in Bordeaux?
Sauternes AOC and Barsac AOC. Wines from the commune of Barsac may be labelled as either Barsac AOC or Sauternes AOC.
96
Name Saint-Emilion two red wine-only appellations?
Saint-Emilion AOP and Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOP (must be estate-bottled, lower yields). Saint-Emilion Grand Cru Classe and Saint-Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classe are part of Saint-Emilion Grand Cru appellation.
97
In Sauternes classification what category is Ch. dYquem?
Premier Cru Superieur, special category only for Ch. dYquem.
98
Name four official classifications in Bordeaux?
The 1855 classification, the Graves classification, Saint-Emilion classification, and the Crus Bourgeois du Medoc classification.
99
What is a French term for Protected Designation of Origin?
Appellation dOrigine Protegee (AOP), it replaced Appellation dOrigine Controlee (AOC)
100
What is a French term for Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)?
Indication Geographique Protegee (IGP), previous Vin de Pays (VDP). Producers retain the choice of whether to use the VDP or IGP titles on their labels, or both - in the form IGP-Vin de Pays.
101
Grand Cru appellation Corton-Charlemagne AOP is shared between three villages, name them?
Aloxe-Corton, Ladoix-Serrigny, Pernand-Vergelesses.
102
Name two Grands Crus vineyards located in Chambolle-Musigny?
Musigny itself, and 90 per cent of Bonnes Mares
103
Name the only red-wine producing Grand Cru in the Cote de Beaune?
Corton AOP. The Corton appellation itself, like Musigny, allows both red and white wines but in practice almost all are red.
104
Name the largest grand cru in the Cote de Nuits?
Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru AOP
105
What kind of wine is produced in Corton AOP?
Appellation allows both red and white wines but in practice almost all are red.
106
Name the smallest white wine-producing grand cru in Burgundy?
At 1.6 ha Criots-Batard-Montrachet is the only grand cru Chassagne claims in its entirety, and the smallest white wine-producing grand cru in Burgundy.
107
Name Grands Crus vineyards located in Puligny-Montrachet?
Chevalier-Montrachet and Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet.
108
Name two Grand Cru vineyards that are shared between villages of Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet?
Montrachet and Batard-Montrachet
109
Name village that is the biggest producer (quantity) of white wine in Cote dOr?
Meursault
110
Name the only grand cru in the Cote de Nuits in which white wine production is permitted?
Musigny, Domaine Comte Georges de Vogue owns three-quarters of the entire vineyard, including its sole parcel of Chardonnay
111
Name three most important Chablis Premier Cru vineyards located on the right bank of Serein?
Montee de Tonnerre (the best), Mont de Milieu, and Fourchaume.
112
What Grand Cru is unanimously considered the top vineyard in Chablis?
Les Clos (25 ha)
113
Name four tiers of Burgundy appellations hierarchy?
Regionale, Village, Premier (1er) cru, and Grand cru.
114
Name the largest single grand cru appellation in all of Burgundy?
Corton AOP, 160 ha.
115
Name two most important Chablis Premier Cru vineyards located on the left bank of Serein?
Vaillons and Montmains.
116
Name five main winegrowing areas in Burgundy from north to south?
Chablis, Cote dOr, Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnais, and Beaujolais.
117
What is the largest Chablis Grand Cru?
Les Clos.
118
Name Grand Cru Vineyards of Chablis?
Blanchot, Les Clos, Valmur, Les Grenouilles, Vaudesir, Preuses, and Bougros.
119
What is the smallest Chablis Grand Cru?
Les Grenouilles.
120
Name two the best Grands Crus located in Gevrey-Chambertin?
Chambertin and Clos de Beze which can be sold as Chambertin.
121
What is the name of Burgundy largest white winegrowing region?
Chablis. (1/5 Burgundy bottles)
122
What is the smallest AOP in France?
La Romanee AOP- 0.85 ha.
123
Name Grands Crus vineyards located in Puligny-Montrachet?
Chevalier-Montrachet. Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet. Montrachet. Batard-Montrachet.
124
Name Grands Crus vineyards located in Chassagne-Montrachet?
Criots-Batard-Montrachet. Montrachet. Batard-Montrachet.
125
What village is producing the biggest wine that see most new oak of all Beujolais Crus?
Moulin-a-Vent
126
Which grape variety is known as Tokay dAlsace?
Pinot Gris
127
Dessert Wines made from grapes affected by noble rot (botrytis) will have what designation in Alsace?
Selections de Grains Nobles
128
Dessert Wines made from grapes picked when over-ripe will have what designation in Alsace?
Vendanges Tardives (late harvest), they dont need to be sweet.
129
Alsace most planted grape variety is?
Riesling
130
What is the only red variety permitted for Alsace AOP wines?
Pinot Noir, light red and rose wines are the result, although the wines can achieve depth in warmer vintages, may contribute to the Cremant dAlsace AOP blend.
131
Name permitted grape varieties for Alsace Grand Cru?
Riesling; Gewurztraminer; Pinot Gris and Muscat.
132
What is the name of mountains that act as rain shadow in Alsace?
Vosges Mountains
133
What is the name of the Jura leading wine village and home of Louis Pasteur?
Arbois
134
Name four subregions in the Loire Valley?
Central vineyards, Touraine, Anjou-Saumur, and the Pay Nantais
135
What kind of wine is Anjou Villages AOC?
Only for red wines, made entirely from Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon, either singly or blended; in practice, they are mostly Cabernet Franc.
136
What kind of wine is produced in Anjou Villages Brissac AOP?
Appellation for the finest red wines produced from Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. It was separated out of the wider Anjou Villages catchment area in 1998.
137
What is the best appelation in Anjou for dry white wines?
Savennieres AOP. Late harvested Chenin Blanc is used for full-bodied; dry wines of exceptional complexity and longivity.
138
Name two unofficial grands crus of Savennieres?
Roche aux Moines and Coulee de Serrant.
139
What is the sweetness level of Savennieres AOC?
Standard Savennieres is now officially a dry wine, with its Demi-sec, Moelleux and Doux statements indicating higher levels of residual sugar.
140
Name two areas within Coteaux de Layon that have a high-quality reputation for sweet wines and are appellations in their own right?
Bonnezeaux AOC and Quarts de Chaume AOC
141
What is the most quality red wine appellation in Anjou?
Saumur-Champigny AOC, minimum 85 percent Cab Franc made in light style. Most wines are intended to be drunk young for their primary fruit, some wines can low flavour intensity because of high yields.
142
Touraine largest and most important white wine district is?
Vouvray AOP, wines from Chenin Blanc may be produced in a range of sweetness levels: sec, sec-tendre (off-dry), demi-sec, moelleux, and liquereux.
143
Name three appellations which produce Loire best and most ageworthy red wines?
Chinon AOP, Bourgueil AOP, and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP set the standard for classic Loire Cabernet Franc. They are found in Touraine.
144
What are principal white and red grape varieties in Central Vineyards in the Loire Valley?
Sauvignon Blanc for white wines and Pinot Noir for reds and roses
145
Name most famous village for production of Sancerre?
Chavignol. Also home to the most famous goat cheese produced in the Loire Valley, Crottin de Chavignol.
146
Name most famous vineyard for production of Sancerre?
Les Monts Damnes
147
What kind of wine is produced in Pouilly-Fume AOC?
Sauvignon Blanc only, tends to be a little rounder and less aromatic than Sancerre and often needs a little more time - six months to a year in bottle - to really start to show.
148
What kind of wine is produced in Sancerre AOC?
White wines from Sauvignon Blanc only and red and rose wines from Pinot Noir only. This is the largest of the Central Vineyards appellations and the most commercially successful.
149
Name grapes used for Menetou-Salon AOP?
Same situation as in Sancerre; Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir. 500 ha under vine. Appellation is found in Loire Central Vineyards.
150
Name two appellations in Loire Central Vineyards where only production of white wines from Sauvignon Blanc is allowed?
Pouilly-Fume AOC and Quincy AOC
151
Name three appellations in Loire Central Vineyards where production of white, red, and rose wines is allowed?
Sancerre AOC, Reuilly AOC, and Menetou-Salon AOC
152
What is the biggest appelation for production of Muscadet wine?
Muscadet Sevre et Maine, at 8,800 ha the Loire largest appellation
153
Muscadet wine is produced from what grape variety?
Melon
154
What grape varieties are allowed in Cote Rotie?
Only production of red wines made from Syrah, with up to 20 per cent of Viognier permitted in blends, though in practice this is often zero. When both grape varieties are used, they must be co-fermented.
155
Name two slopes of Cote-Rotie?
The Cote Blonde and the Cote Brune
156
What varieties are used for Hermitage AOC white wines?
Typically a blend of a majority of Marsanne with some Roussanne or pure Marsanne.
157
What North Rhone appellation doesnt allow blending white varieties in their red wines?
Cornas AOP. Only Syrah, no white varieties allowed.
158
Name Northern Rhone appellations that can produce red wines and white wines?
Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage, St.-Joseph
159
Name Northern Rhone appellations that can produce only red wines?
Cote Rotie and Cornas
160
Name Northern Rhone appellations that can produce only white wines?
Condrieu, Chateau Grillet, Saint-Peray
161
Name appellation that typically produce the boldest and most tannic of all the Northern Rhone Syrah wines?
Cornas
162
What is the typical southern Rhone red wine blend?
Grenache-dominant blends with Mourvedre and Syrah, along with other permitted varieties, for example Carignan and Cinsaut. Chateauneuf-du-Pape is exception.
163
What is the second largest appellation by hectares planted in France, after Bordeaux AOC?
Cotes du Rhone AOC
164
Name only appellation in France only for rose wines?
Tavel
165
What are grape varieties used for red Chateauneuf-du-Pape wines?
There are 18 of them, without distinction between red and white wines but the most important variety is Grenache. Other important are Mourvedre and Syrah. It is possible to make single varietal wines.
166
What are grape varieties used for white Chateauneuf-du-Pape wines?
Grenache Blanc, Clairette, Bourboulenc, and Roussanne. Very rare. Note that Marsanne and Viognier, two major white varieties of the Northern Rhone, are not permitted for AOC wines.
167
Name most planted white wine variety in Languedoc?
Chardonnay
168
What is the predominantly blend in majority red Languedoc wines?
Grenache, Syrah and Mourvedre
169
Name two Languedoc appellations where Carignan is a principal grape variety?
In Corbieres AOC and Fitou AOC, Carignan is a principal grape variety and in nearly all other appellations it is an option.
170
Name three tiers in new Languedoc classification?
From the bottom: Languedoc; Grands Vins du Languedoc; and the highest is Grands Crus du Languedoc.
171
Name some famous red Languedoc wines (GSM Blends)?
Gres de Montpellier, Pic Saint-Loup, La Clape, Terrasses du Larzac, Minervois, Faugeres, Saint-Chinian
172
What kind of wine is produced in Corbieres AOC?
Huge majority is red produced from the principal grape varieties (Carignan, Grenache Noir, Mourvedre and Syrah), with the remainder from other permitted varieties including Cinsaut (maximum 20 per cent).
173
What kind of wine is produced in Minervois AOC?
Extensive appellation with a range of climatic zones based on altitude and proximity to the sea. Great majority is Grenache, Syrah and Mourvedre red blends. Small production of rose and white wines.
174
What are the most important black varieties grown in Roussillon?
Grenache Noir, Syrah, Carignan and Mourvedre for red and rose wines
175
What are the most important white varieties grown in Roussillon?
Macabeu (Viura) for still wines and the Muscats for fortified wine
176
What kind of wine is produced in Bandol AOC?
Red wines must be 50-95 per cent Mourvedre, and roses 20-95 per cent.
177
What is the main variety in Cahors AOC?
Malbec (at least 70%) supplemented by the tannic Tannat and/or the supple Merlot. The top-quality wines are increasingly 90-100 per cent Malbec.
178
What is the main variety in Madiran AOC?
Tannat (60-80 per cent) supplemented by Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc
179
Name appellation in Dordogne departement which can offer excellent value alternative to Bordeaux?
Bergerec AOC
180
What is the only appellation in France based on Malbec?
Cahors AOC
181
What is the name of Appellation which produce most serious red wines in Provence?
Bandol AOP. Like Chateauneuf-du-Pape, Bandol produces quintessentially Mediterranean red wines which are easy to appreciate in youth despite their longevity.
182
Name French finest and certainly most complex Vins Doux Naturels appellation?
Banyuls AOP from Roussillon
183
Name appellation for Muscat-based sweet wines found in Roussillon?
Muscat de Rivesaltes
184
What kind of wine is Banyuls?
VDN from Roussillon produced exclusively from Grenache of all three forms (Blanc, Noir, and Gris). Grenache Noir is by far the dominant.
185
Name five districts for Champagne production?
Montagne de Reims, Vallee de la Marne, Cote des Blancs, Cote de Sezanne, and the Cote des Bars
186
What is ageing requirement for basic NV Champagne AOP?
Min. 15 months from date of tirage, 12 months of which must be maturation on the lees.
187
What is ageing requirement for Vintage Champagne AOP?
Vintage Wines: Min. 36 months from date of tirage, 12 months of which must be maturation on the lees (in practice much longer)
188
Name Sweetness Levels for Champagne from driest?
Brut Nature, Extra Brut, Brut, Extra Dry, Sec, Demi-Sec, and Doux.
189
Which grape variety is the most planted in Champagne region?
In 2012, Pinot Noir accounted for 38% of total plantings, Chardonnay accounted for 30%, and Meunier accounted for 32%.
190
Name only two premier cru villages with a 99% ranking in Champagne?
Mareuil-sur-Ay and Tauxieres
191
How is called breakdown of dead yeast cells?
Autolysis
192
How is called the finest and most expensive bottling that Champagne house offers?
Prestige Cuvee (Tete de Cuvee)
193
In France, there are seven AOP regions for cremant wines produced by the traditional method, name them?
Cremant de Bordeaux, Cremant de Bourgogne, Cremant de Loire, Cremant de Limoux, Cremant de Die, Cremant du Jura, and Cremant dAlsace.
194
Name different styles of Champagne?
Non-vintage or NV, Vintage, Rose, Blanc de Blancs, Blanc de Noirs, Grand Cru, Premier Cru, Prestige Cuvee, and Late release, recently disgorged wines
